1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In most Chinese tea villages, March is the time of year when locals start to pick and process tea. The     1     (usual) quiet villages suddenly become busy centers of activity, as people take out special tools and prepare     2     tea processing. In some villages, local people hold traditional ceremonies,     3     (thank) heaven for its blessing. The price of tea     4     (pick) in March is extremely high because it is fresh and contains multiple trace elements. China     5     (be) famous for tea production since ancient times. Of the goods transported and traded along     6     Old Silk Road linking China to the Middle East and Europe, the importance of tea     7     (match) only by silk. China produces Oolong, black, green, white, yellow and dark―also known as post-fermented (发酵). The Oolong, green and black     8    (vary)are most notable for their high quality. Most of China’s tea villages are found in remote    9     (mountain) areas in the south and southwest of the country,     10     the beautiful scenery is often hidden under clouds.

2 . The twilight zone (朦胧地带) contains the largest and least explored fish stocks (储备) of the world’s oceans. Ranging from just below 200 metres to 1,000 metres deep, it is an interface between the well-studied sea life in the sunlit zone above and the ecosystems of the darkest territory below. It has a major role in removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it for centuries or longer. The twilight zone is also known to the largest migration on Earth. Huge numbers of fishes and zooplankton (浮游动物) move hundreds of metres towards the surface each night to feed, before withdrawing back down at dawn.

Yet the zone is poorly understood — physically,     biogeochemically and ecologically. Even the number of organisms that live there remains a mystery, let alone their diversity and function.

It is alarming, then, that this vast ocean domain is at risk in three ways-even before any of the potential consequences are understood. First, the world’s growing population has an increasing need for food. Second, sea-floor mining for minerals and metals could release waste into the region. And   third, climate change is varying temperature, acidification and oxygen levels in ways that are likely to affect life there.

The twilight zone is hard Io study. Its organisms are difficult to sample and analyse, being thinly distributed, almost invisible and often fragile. They also live at pressures of up to 100 atmospheres, which poses problems for laboratory-based investigations.

Critics might argue that walers near coasts and above shelves are more deserving of study, given the huge environmental pressures there, as well as their importance to societies. And, of course, they need attention. Sadly, however, it is too late to avoid widespread environmental damage to these inshore regions. Instead, research efforts and local policies must aim at minimizing the worst effects.

By contrast, the twilight zone is almost left in its original condition. Moreover, the majority of it lies beyond national administration. This makes it of common interest and responsibility, and means that global agreement is necessary to manage it.

1. What can we learn about the twilight zone?

A．It has the least fish stocks.

B．It reduces atmosphere’s carbon dioxide.

C．It lies at the bottom of sea.

D．Il is located above the sunlit zone.

2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?

A．Where global warming leads us.

B．Why high food consumption arises.

C．How the twilight zone is threatened.

D．What impacts pollution has on ocean.

3. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．The twilight zone.	B．The inshore area.
C．Its original condition.	D．National administration.

4. Which statement does the author agree with?

A．International cooperation is essential.

B．Inshore regions deserve more attention.

C．Global agreement has been reached.

D．Study on the twilight zone is out of the question.

3 . Off the Marianas Islands, in a remote stretch of the Pacific Ocean, lies a deep trench. A trench so deep that it could accommodate the tallest mountain range—the Himalayas, and still have a mile of water above!

The Mariana Trench stretches for 2, 550km along the Pacific Ocean floor and is 70km wide. The deepest part of the trench, Challenger Deep, lies 7 miles below the ocean surface. Mariana Trench is part of a network of trenches that cross the ocean floor.

How do these trenches form? Our Earth is made up of tectonic plates which connect with each other like giant jigsaw puzzles. The plates are constantly moving because of the molten lava inside our Earth. When one tectonic plate dives under another plate, trenches are formed.

The sheer depth of Mariana Trench makes it hard to explore. Sunlight does not reach that far down, covering it in permanent darkness. The water pressure at the deepest point is nearly 1,000 times more than at the surface. Despite these inhospitable conditions, some of the strangest creatures are found in the trench—creatures that produce their own light.

A team of researchers decided to study the zone, an area of water that is 3.7 miles to 6.8 miles below the surface.

The research team sent traps underwater to catch the tiny prawn-like amphipods (片脚动物) and tested them. They found extremely high levels of chemicals, known to cause health issues like cancer. These family of chemicals known as POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) were used extensively in pesticides until they were banned in the 1970s, and some are still in use today.

The POPs do not break down. They are ingested by the larger marine animals and when they die and sink to the bottom of the oceans, the smaller creatures feast on them. The chemicals then enter the bodies of these amphipods and other smaller marine creatures, and disrupt their hormone balances. And thus, the cycle continues.

While we may think that our oceans are pristine, this latest finding tells us that in a trench far……far away from any industrial city, we humans are leaving our footprint.

1. According to the text, the Mariana Trench ________.

A．covers the Pacific Ocean floor

B．remains dark all the time

C．is like a giant jigsaw puzzle

D．lies 7km below the ocean surface

2. The third paragraph centers on ________.

A．the molten lava inside the earth

B．the cause of moving plates

C．the formation of the trench

D．the make-up of tectonic plates

3. How did researchers judge the trench pollution?

A．By taking some soil from the ocean bottom.

B．By measuring the water pressure.

C．By getting some water from the trench.

D．By analyzing the creatures living in the trench.

4. What does the passage intend to tell the readers?

A．The Mariana Trench is seriously polluted.

B．The Mariana Trench is totally dark.

C．The Mariana Trench is deadly poisonous.

D．The Mariana Trench is greatly wonderful.

4 . In the middle of the Pacific Ocean lies the tiny island nation of Tuvalu，the fourth smallest country in the world. This group of four islands and five atolls (islands made from coral) is famous for its sandy beaches and turquoise (蓝绿色的) waters and has long been a popular tourist destination for nearby New Zealanders. However, the nation of Tuvalu is at risk of soon no longer existing; not because of war or political change, but because it will be covered by the rising ocean.

Tuvalu is experiencing the harmful effects of global warming. As global temperatures rise, so does the ocean temperature. Due to the scientific law of “thermal expansion,” when water heats it get bigger.     1     Most experts claim that the effects of climate change will make Tuvalu uninhabitable within the next 50 years. Problems are already emerging. As sea levels rise, ocean water containing high levels of salt is travelling further and further inland destroying the little amount of soil Tuvaluans have to grow crops.

Even before Tuvaluans began to suffer from the effects of climate change, lift on Tuvalu was tough.     2     Most of the land on an atoll is rock-hard arid any soil that exists on it is usually thin and poor for growing crops. The nation has always had to import food apart from fish.

More serious than Tuvalu’s lack of home-grown food has been its lack of drinking water.    3     Therefore, Tuvaluans depend almost entirely on rainwater for their water needs. Unfortunately, due to a geographical phenomenon known as La Nina, Tuvalu often suffers from long periods of drought. In autumn 2010, after seven months of no rain, the Prime Minister had to declare a state of emergency riot only because of a lack of drinking water, but also because the water left was polluted with cholera (霍乱)     4    

Tuvalu’s problems have led some of its 11, 000 inhabitants to consider migrating to Australia or New Zealand.    5     They know they’ll have to someday, but for as long as possible, they want to remain and make the world aware of what is happening to their homeland due to chimate change.

A．It was a desperate situation and, but for emergency shipments from New Zealand and Australia, many Tuvaluans would have died.

B．This is largely due to the geological makeup of atolls.

C．Unlike normal islands, atolls have no rivers or streams, which means that most of Tuvalu has no groundwater to use for drinking.

D．Tuvalu’s representatives demanded that nations should take a more responsible rote in reducing gas emissions.

E．Therefore, sea levels are rising and for low-lying Tuvalu, this spells disaster.

F．However, they ate not willing to abandon the land of their forefathers so easily.

G．And as a member of the United Nations, they are doing just that.

5 . 假定你是李华，你的加拿大朋友Tom要来南充参观，想让你给他推荐一家酒店。请你给他写封邮件:，内容要点如下:
1.酒店的位置:
2. 推荐的理由；
注意: 1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom.

I'm more than pleased to hear

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

6 . By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”

And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.

Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”

1. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

A．The various patterns at the ocean surface.

B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour.

C．The way light reflects off marine organisms.

D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

2. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Sensitive.

B．Beneficial.

C．Significant.

D．Unnoticeable.

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.

B．Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.

C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.

D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.

4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.

B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.

C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.

D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.

7 . In the middle of the 19th century，a fever dream of riches beyond measure drew countless explorers west to the mountains of central California.Although the gold rush ended up being a bust for many who sought a fortune，some of those explorers discovered a natural treasure that would draw permanent settlers to Yosemite Valley in the following decade.

Vast wilderness，beautiful mountains，countless waterfalls，and abundant wildlife drew Native Americans to Yosemite roughly 10，000 years ago.The first non-native tourists arrived in the mid-1850s after reports from gold seekers told of an area of breathtaking beauty that no words were able to describe.

Fortunately，some of Yosemite’s earliest settlers recognized that Yosemite’s natural beauty and resources needed to be preserved for future generations.In the midst of the Civil War，President Abraham Lincoln signed a grant to protect Yosemite permanently，thus making it the nation’s first land to be dedicated to recreation and setting the stage for what would become the national park system.

One of Yosemite’s earliest ambassadors was Scottish-American naturalist and writer John Muir.After living in Yosemite for a few years，he helped define its proposed boundaries.He also wrote articles that helped lead to its official title as a National Park in 1890.He later co-founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to advocate for its continued preservation and protection.

Located on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in central California，Yosemite National Park runs across nearly 748，000 acres，almost 95％of which is wilderness.Around four million visitors come to Yosemite each year to camp，hike its miles of trails，climb its rock formations，and photograph its impressive sights.Are you ready to visit Yosemite National Park? Which of Yosemite’s sights would you most like to experience?

1. Which of the following best explains“bust”underlined in Paragraph 1?

A．Memory.

B．Symbo1.

C．Failure.

D．Challenge.

2. When did the first non-native tourists come to Yosemite?

A．After it was discovered by gold seekers.

B．When the gold rush finally came to a stop.

C．Before native Americans found its beauty.

D．When it became a National Park in 1890.

3. What do we learn about John Muir?

A．He was the first to build the national park.

B．He helped set the boundaries of Yosemite.

C．He wrote to collect money for Yosemite.

D．He gave Yosemite an official name.

4. What do we know about Yosemite National Park?

A．It has been well preserved since the Civil War.

B．It was originally created to protect wild animals.

C．It used to be well-known for its man-made beauty.

D．It was once damaged by some of its earliest settlers.

8 . The Silk Road was a historical network of trade routes that connected China and the Mediterranean Sea, allowing cultural and economic interaction between the East and the West. Begun in the 2nd Century B C” the Silk Road carried goods, ideas, and even illness for thousands of miles between great civilizations for more than a thousand years.     1     It was the creation of Germany’s Ferdinand von Richthofen, who traveled to China several times in the second half of the 19th Century.

China’s powerful Han Dynasty began expanding its trade routes towards the West in the years around 100 B.C.     2     Some shipments made it through to Europe and to northern and eastern Africa, through the port of Alexandria.

As its name suggests, the Silk Road was home to large amount of silk, which made its way from China to the Mediterranean and, to Rome. It wasn’t only silk, however, that was carried along the Silk Road       3     Chinese traders brought delicate porcelain plates and thin but durable paper money. Romans brought delicately carved pottery (陶器）and jewelry to China.

    4     Merchants carried shipments from major center, and then others carried the foods farther on the route. Many merchants traveled in groups, called carvans (商队). Many carvans and individual merchants traveled with bodyguards because theft along the routes was not uncommon.

Several cities along the Silk Road became major trading centers. Some of the more famous of these were Alexandria, Karakorum, Antioch, Constantinople, and Persepolis. Local taxes placed on goods traveling along the route were quite common.     5    

A．The name, however, is a modem idea.

B．Diseases also spread along the Silk Road.

C．It sent silk and other goods to other civilizations.

D．Merchants would prepare some supplies in advance.

E．Goods did not travel with the same person all along the route.

F．As a result, many goods traveled only part of the way due to the high cost

G．Many other things made their way from the East to the West, or from the West to the East.

9 . 假设你是红星中学学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在邮件中提到他对北京的胡同很感兴趣，请你给他回复邮件，介绍一个你喜欢或你熟悉的胡同。内容包括：
1．该胡同的名称；
2．该胡同的特点；
3．发出来京邀请。
注意：1．词数不少于50；

2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

10 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On Aug 13, four Chinese irrigation sites won global     1    (recognize) and were added to the 2018 list of Heritage Irrigation Structures, among     2     Dujiangyan is the oldest and only surviving damless irrigation system in the world.

Built over 2,000 years ago in     3     is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China，this amazing engineering achievement is still playing a crucial role in irrigating farms and providing water resources for more than 50 cities in the province.

In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands     4    (threaten) by frequent flooding from the Minjiang River. Li Bing, a local official of Sichuan Province at that time, together with his son, decided to construct an irrigation system on the Minjiang River     5    (prevent) flooding. After many studies, they found the     6     (simple) solution was to build a dam, but this would have ruined the Minjiang River. So instead Li designed a series of     7    (channel) built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing     8    (natural). Better still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain,     9    (make) it suitable for farming.

Ever since the great Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed, the Chengdu Plain has been free     10     flooding and the people there have been living peacefully.