1 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Where does the name Brazil come from?

A．A type of tree.

B．A continent.

C．A beach.

2. What is Brazil’s official language?

A．English.

B．Portuguese.

C．French.

3. Where are the two most famous beaches located?

A．In Brasilia.

B．In San Paolo.

C．In Rio de Janeiro.

4. How long does the university academic year last?

A．About nine months.

B．About eight months.

C．About seven months.

2 . Most of Florida is a flat peninsula (半岛) with water on three sides and houses built as close to the shoreline as possible. For one thing we are more frequently the target of hurricanes than any other state; for another, our geography makes us more easily to be hurt by rising seas.

A news story about climate change in Florida popped up. Historically, scientists believed mangroves (红树林) didn’t live farther north than Cedar Key, in the middle of Florida’s Big Bend. But that’s not the case anymore. Samantha Chapman, a biology professor who’s been studying how Florida’s mangroves have been migrating (迁移), found them up near the St Mary’s River, which forms the border between Florida and Georgia. It seems that they soon be marching through Georgia and becoming a thriving new component of coastal habitats.

But a coastal biologist named Blair Witherington took issue on the matter. The mangroves weren’t spreading into a new territory, he pointed out. They were entering areas that had been classified as saltmarsh (盐沼), where the landscape was dominated by cordgrass. Saltmarsh and mangrove create very different habitats that attract a very different set of animals. “When one community replaces the other, this diversity is lost,” Witherington remarked. Changing the animals’ habitat has the potential to influence the whole food chain, making a widespread difference.

What was driving this? “Mangroves can survive a short freeze, but not a prolonged, hard freeze. By combing through the weather records kept by the state’s orange juice industry, biologists have been able to document that Florida is having fewer prolonged hard freezes than it used to. Then the mangroves have adapted by expanding their range.” Samantha explained.

“They’ve adapted in another way, too. Not only are the mangroves spreading into areas that once were unfriendly to them, but they have also changed their life cycle to speed things up. Normally it takes them about 15 years of growth before they start making seeds. Now, as they get into these marshes, they’re producing seeds when they’ re only a couple of years old,” Samantha said.

The problem with having too many mangroves by the sea is that climate change may overwhelm them. A study by the US Geological Survey said sea level rise could wipe out mangroves all along the Florida coast. So, here’s the question we humans have to consider: Nature is finding ways to adapt to how we’ve changed the climate. What are we doing to adapt to it? Or at least slow it down?

1. What can we learn about the state of Florida?

A．It could be affected by high tides easily.

B．Its geography fuels shipbuilding industry.

C．Its houses are built in a high-lying but flat area.

D．It is often hit by tornadoes and suffers huge losses.

2. What is the news story about Florida’s mangroves?

A．They migrate to warmer regions.

B．They are marching into a new habitat.

C．They form the border between Florida and Georgia.

D．They are introduced into Florida to prevent flooding.

3. Which of the following would Blair Witherington agree with?

A．Saltmarsh is fragile and requires urgent protection.

B．Florida includes a rich diversity of natural habitats.

C．The benefits of the mangroves outweigh their troubles.

D．Everything in the ecosystem is connected complicatedly.

4. What are the 4th and 5th paragraphs mainly about?

A．What mangroves had to face in their habitats.

B．Whether mangroves had influence on other plants.

C．How mangroves adapted to the changing environment.

D．Why mangroves had a different life cycle in marshes.

5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Human beings are supposed to worship nature.

B．It is urgent to grow more mangroves along coastlines.

C．Measures against mangroves’ migration are far from enough.

D．What we should do to stop the climate change is still up in the air.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The classical gardens of Suzhou, Jiangsu province, date back to the 6th century     1     the city was founded     2     the capital of the Wu Kingdom. Today, more than 50 of these gardens are still in     3     (exist), nine of which are regarded as the finest embodiments (化身) of Chinese “Mountain and Water” gardens.

Built in the 11th century on the site of an     4     (early) destroyed garden, Canglang Pavilion has the longest history among all the existing classical gardens in Suzhou. Naturally     5     (lay) out and well designed, it is called one of the four best gardens in Suzhou. The garden looks simple but natural. Without complex     6     (decorate), it combines buildings with scenery so well     7     the whole garden appears to be naturally endowed (赋予). Since many of the     8     (origin) features of the garden have been preserved, the garden has a high historical and artistic value.

The classical gardens of Suzhou     9     (be) the most vivid specimens(样本)of culture from the East Yangtze Delta region in the 11th to 19th centuries. The underlying philosophy, literature, art, and craftsmanship     10     (show) in the architecture, gardening as well as the handcrafts perfectly reflect the monumental achievements of the social, cultural, scientific, and technological developments of this period.

4 . 假如你是李华，你的朋友Susan来信说，她打算最近来“凉都·六盘水”旅游，但她对这座城市了解不多，请你给她回复电子邮件，介绍家乡的情况，内容包括以下三点：
1. 谈谈“凉都·六盘水”的气候特点。
2. 推荐六盘水著名的旅游景点。
3. 对她的到来表示欢迎和祝愿。
注意：1. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
2. 开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
3. 词数100个左右。
4. 可能使用的参考词汇
The Cool City 凉都     recommend 推荐   tourist attractions 旅游景点
Dear Susan，

I’m so happy to know that you are planning to visit my hometown, the Cool City· Liupanshui.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

5 . Sea level, also referred to as mean(平均的) sea level is the level at which the oceans exist when averaged between high and low tides. It is calculated by measuring the level of the oceans over long periods of time and under all types of weather conditions.     1     For instance, the height of Mount Everest is considered to be 29,028 feet (8,848 meters) above sea level.

    2    Other factors that cause changes include water temperature, air-pressure, seasons of the year, the presence of ice and snow, and the amount of salt in the water.

    3    Therefore, sea level can vary depending on where it is being measured in the world, and it is not a constant(常数).

    4     One of these is for aviation (航空) where it is often important for a pilot to be able to determine his or her height above this level at any given time. Another important function of sea level is to determine how much the sea is rising due to factors such as the melting of the polar ice caps. Mostly, it is calculated in order to determine heights of geological formations (地质建造)and land.

    5     Death Valley, California, for instance, is 282 feet (85.5 meters)below sea level, and there are many other similar locations, throughout the world. The Dead Sea is the lowest of these, measuring an amazing 1,371 feet(418 meters) below sea level.

A．The measurement of mean sea level has many uses.

B．These devices measure the average height of the sea.

C．The actual level of the sea is constantly changing as tides rise and fall.

D．A change in the height of the land can also affect the measurement of the sea.

E．It is used to calculate the height or depth of any point on the Earth's land surface.

F．Several terms are used to describe the changing relationships between sea level and dry land.

G．While most of the land lies above sea level, there are still places that actually exist below it.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Terra-cotta Warriors in Xi’an,     1     is known as the eighth wonder of the world, now is a museum to display the terra-cotta warriors and horses     2     (make) in Qin Dynasty. Qin terra-cotta warriors have guarded the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang for over 2000 years.

In 221 B.C., Emperor Qin Shi Huang of Qin Dynasty established the first centralized feudal dynasty in China. After his death, he     3     (bury) at the northern foot of Lishan Hill in the east of Lintong County. The tomb took 39 years and 700,000 workers     4     (reach) completion. It had pearls embedded in the ceiling to represent the stars, and rivers and lakes were modeled with liquid mercury.

Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum is the     5     (large) imperial mausoleum with most peculiar structure and abundant connotation. It is not only the art treasures of the Chinese people,     6     the common cultural heritage of the world’s people.

Terra-cotta Warriors is     7     real-life theme art. Its means of artistic expression is delicate, lucid and     8     (live). The gestures and facial expressions are different between two terra-cotta warriors, with distinct personality and strong     9     (characteristic) of that age,     10     (show) peak clay sculpture art at that time.