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文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了南极洲四个以做出科学突破的女性科学家命名的地标。

1 . Four Places Named After Scientists in Antarctica

There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named for.

Jones Terrace (梯田)

The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U.S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-covered lakes.

Mount Fiennes

8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island — Alexander Island — is named for Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female who was invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.

Francis Peak

The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.

Peden Cliffs

Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio waves spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.

1. Which place is named after a builder of radio towers in the Antarctic?
A.Jones Terrace.B.Mount Fiennes.
C.Francis Peak.D.Peden Cliffs.
2. Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic?
A.Lois M. Jones.B.Ginny Fiennes.
C.Dame Jane Francis.D.Irene Peden.
3. What is special about Irene Peden?
A.She could judge the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.
B.She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
C.She was the first female American to explore the Antarctic.
D.She correctly measured the spreading speed of radio waves.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中(0.65) |

2 . When you think of the icy Arctic Ocean, do you picture cold blue waters, on which float (漂浮) icebergs home to animals and fish not seen elsewhere on the planet? Think again, or rather add 300 billion pieces of plastic (塑料) to your picture. That's the amount of plastic that scientists believe is floating around the Arctic Ocean. Most of the plastic is in the area to the east of Greenland and north of Scandinavia.

Where did it come from? After all, the lands near the Arctic are not really full of people. It turns out that ocean currents are carrying plastic thrown into the ocean all the way to the Arctic. An ocean current is an unending movement of sea water from one point to another. It is caused by several things including heat from the Sun, wind and movement of the Earth.

Many of these plastic pieces seem to have travelled for years before reaching the Arctic. This was worked out by scientists studying the plastic problem after they observed the condition of the pieces. While much plastic floats on top of the water, a lot also may be on the sea floor.

Plastic has been widely used for 60 years on Earth and our careless throwing of plastic things is slowly turning the once perfectly clean Arctic into a dangerous place. Unlike food waste and plant waste, plastic doesn't break down so easily. In fact the United States Environment Protection Organization reports that “every bit of plastic ever made still exists”.

What's the effect? Seabirds, sea turtles and other ocean creatures could get hurt and die when they accidentally swallow plastic. Plastic waste affects fishing, affecting people who earn money through fishing. Plastics can let out dangerous poisons (毒物) into the water. These may be swallowed by fish, and when these fish are caught and eaten by people or bigger animals, they could get poisoned too!

1. What can we learn from the passage?
A.The Arctic Ocean is heavily polluted.
B.The plastic is mostly in the area in the east of Greenland.
C.An ocean current is just caused by the movement of the earth.
D.Much more plastic floats on top of the water.
2. Which of the following doesn't contribute to the plastic ocean?
A.Humans throw away plastic things at will.
B.Ocean currents carry plastic things everywhere.
C.Plastic can let out harmful things into the water.
D.Plastic is hard to break down.
3. What does the underlined word “swallow” in the last Paragraph mean?
A.Break down.B.Take in.
C.Accept.D.Touch.
4. What's the best title of the text?
A.Are Men to Blame for Plastic Ocean?B.Arctic Ocean and Its Future!
C.Is Plastic Harmful?D.Arctic Ocean or Plastic Ocean?
2021-07-19更新 | 49次组卷 | 1卷引用:河南省信阳市2020-2021学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题(含听力)
阅读理解-七选五(约300词) | 适中(0.65) |

3 . The District of Columbia is a destination filled with sites of historic and current importance. During a visit, you can learn about the structure of our government and see monuments, museums and much more.

    1    If you have enough time, it is well worth it to make it to as many of the monuments as possible. The place to start is the National Mall. The mall is a beautiful grassy area lined with trees and some of the monuments honoring the nation's most important figures.    2    

After exploring some of Washington DC's amazing monuments, the next stop should be to plan out a visit to some of the Smithsonian Institution's complex of museums. With over 19 museums and the National Zoological Park, it’s unlikely that you will have the time to explore each of these museums on a single visit. The best way to enjoy the Smithsonian Institution is to plan out which museums you are most interested in visiting. If you are interested in culture, the National Museum of African American History and Culture is a wonderful choice, where you can learn about the richness and diversity of the African American experience.    3    This museum offers amazing insights into the history and culture of many different tribes of American Indians.

Washington DC doesn't just have monuments and museums. There are also chances to enjoy the great outdoors.    4    You can enjoy the outdoors at the Constitution Gardens with beautiful trees, and island and more. The National Arboretum is another outdoor destination. The Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens and the US Botanical Gardens are also great outdoor destinations.

The arts and entertainment in Washington DC are also an important part of any trip to the city.    5    The historic Georgetown neighborhood in Washington DC is an excellent area to enjoy some of the cities' best shopping, dining, entertainment and more.

A.Washington DC is filled with important monuments.
B.You will find art galleries, clubs and fantastic restaurants.
C.The city has many parks and places to walk and enjoy.
D.These important landmarks are open all day and into the evening.
E.The District of Columbia is one of the great destinations you can visit.
F.You can see the Washington Monument, the Lincoln Memorial and many more.
G. Another museum that you should visit is the National Museum of the American Indian.
2021-01-31更新 | 98次组卷 | 1卷引用:河南名校联盟2020-2021学年高一上学期末考试英语试卷
语法填空-短文语填(约160词) | 适中(0.65) |
4 . 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

What can make a museum attractive? By “attractive” I mean being able to do a lot of things. One of the most     1    (fascinate) museums is Louisiana Museum of Modern Art in Denmark. It is set in a beautiful place by the sea and this is a museum in     2     shop you can buy nice souvenirs. Most of all, the rooms in the museum building are specially designed     3     (match) the paintings and other things presented there. Even     4     (spend) a whole day there will never make one feel bored. Experimentarium     5     (base) on the idea of experiment is another attractive museum. Visitors     6     (simple) have to touch and move the     7     (object) because it is the best way to understand many difficult processes and how different things work.

Finally, one of my favorite places is the Musical Instruments Museum in Brussels. Visitors     8     (provide) a set of headphones when they buy a ticket.     9     moment they' re getting close to any instrument, they can hear it play in their headphones. And this is also     10     I call “attractive”!

2020-08-10更新 | 32次组卷 | 1卷引用:河南省信阳市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末教学质量检测英语试题
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