1 . In 2011, artist Grimanesa Amorós stepped off a boat made of totora reeds (芦苇) onto an island—also made of totora reeds — in the northwest portion of Lake Titicaca. It’s home to one of the world’s most innovative achievement of human engineering: the Uros Islands.
The man-made floating islands, which are home to the native Uros people, are created by putting layers upon layers of totora roots and reeds. This water-resistant plant grows in the lake and is the lifeblood of the Uros community. It is used to make boats, houses, roofs, mattresses (床垫) and more. The plant is also eaten and serves as medicine, and its flowers are used to make tea.
However, the Uros weren’t always dependent on the totora. More than 500 years ago, the growing Inca Empire began to invade the Uros’ mainland villages. To beat this threat, the Uros began to build the islands, which could be launched deep into Lake Titicaca, away from danger. Hundreds of years later, there are now about 120 of these constructed islands, with around 1,300 people living on them.
To build the islands, the Uros first gather large blocks of totora roots. Multiple blocks are pulled together, and the roots and reeds mix naturally to form a layer about 1 to 2m thick. The totora reed is laid on top of this floating base. The Uros use a long tool to reach deep down into the water and cut the plant above the base. Then, the reeds are dried in the sun for one to four weeks and bundled (捆绑) together using a rope. Once dried, totora reeds are placed in alternating directions on top of the root blocks and become the ground that the Uros walk and build their homes on.
Today, urban influences are evident on the islands: Solar panels power bedroom lights and small TVs; a radio station operates on the main island. It’s evident that these modern changes and tourism have changed the Uros’ life on the lake. One thing remains certain, though. As long as there is totora growing at Lake Titicaca, the islands’ rooted foundation will stay the same.
1. Which word can best describe the role totora reeds play in the Uro’s life?A.Essential. | B.Symbolic. | C.Protective. | D.Sustainable. |
A.To develop tourism. | B.To maintain their lifestyle. |
C.To escape from enemies’ attack. | D.To be separated from the world. |
A.The key to selecting building materials. | B.The procedure of building the islands. |
C.The difficulty of living on the island. | D.The method of spotting reeds. |
A.Fancy Lifestyles of the Uros | B.Innovative Building Materials |
C.Floating Homes on Lake Titicaca | D.A Must-see Tourist Attraction of Lake Titicaca |
2 . Libraries are places to preserve cultural heritage, develop information resources and carry out social education. Let’s look at some of the most beautiful libraries in the world.
Vennesla Library and Culture House, Norway
The library is one of the most beautiful libraries in the world. Opened in 2011, this library is an important site for concerts, theatrical performances and film screenings. The design of the library is unique. The building is supported by 27 laminated (层压的) wood arches that hold the roof up.
Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Italy
The library is one of the largest and most important libraries in Italy. It preserves one of the most important collections of Greek, Latin and Asian manuscripts (手稿) in the entire world. Some of them are the most precious pieces. The library specializes in Venetian history and classic philology. Its collection of antique maps is also very significant.
Stacja Kultura, Poland
Thanks to a recent restoration, a station that was once in ruins underwent an architectural change. The library might seem unremarkable from the outside, but the innovative project and its division into a train station, public library and cultural center have certainly made this building worth a visit.
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, United States
The library is the main source of literary archives (档案), ancient manuscripts and rare books at Yale University, and it’s visited by students and researchers from around the world. Completed in 1963, the library is home to the Bollingen Prize for Poetry which is awarded biennially, and the Windham-Campbell Prizes which are awarded annually for fiction, literary essays, poetry, and theater.
1. Which library will attract people interested in the stage?A.Vennesla Library and Culture House. | B.Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana. |
C.Stacja Kultura. | D.Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library. |
A.Its architecture. | B.Its collection. | C.Its location. | D.Its original owner. |
A.They have a long history. | B.They are favored by movie lovers. |
C.They hold some precious treasures. | D.They are the most important libraries. |
Hangzhou is recognized as the “City of Well-Being” in China. Hangzhou made its name
The lifestyle, however,
Surely, it is even
4 . Last fall, the Great Salt Lake hit its lowest level since record keeping began. The lake sank to nearly six meters below the long-term average. The lake’s shrinking threatens to upend the ecosystem, disturbing the migration and survival of 10 million birds, including ducks and geese.
Duck hunters aren’t the only ones worried about the Great Salt Lake. The decades-long decline in lake level is raising alarm bells for millions of people who live in the region. The low lake level and increasing salts in the lake water threaten to destroy economic mainstays like agriculture, tourism and mining. Exposed salts can also reduce air quality and so threaten public health.
Saline lakes (咸水湖) are terminal lakes. They have no rivers flowing out of them. As water disappears, salts are left behind. At the same time, the people who live in these deserts use freshwater for crops, homes and industry. Residents get water from streams and rivers into canals, pipelines or reservoirs before it reaches the lakes. And as the lakes shrink, the salt in water increases.
Lake Poopo, a highland lake in Bolivia that used to stretch 90 kilometers long and 32 kilometers wide, is now a salty mud flat. The Aral Sea shared by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, once the world’s fourth largest lake, has at times in recent decades shrunk to a tenth of its historic 68,000-square-kilometer surface area. Some saline lakes, like Nevada’s Winnemucca Lake, dried up so long ago — the waters that fed it were led to agricultural fields — that most people have forgotten they were ever wet.
The good news is that people still have time to halt the Great Salt Lake’s decline by using less water. Cutting agricultural and other outdoor water use by a third to half through a combination of voluntary conservation measures and policy changes would allow the lake to refill enough to support the region’s economy, ecology and quality of life. If this succeeds, the Great Salt Lake can be a model for how to save other saline lakes around the world.
1. What do we know about the Great Salt Lake from the first two paragraphs?A.It is home to ducks. | B.It will disappear soon. |
C.It will be less important. | D.It’s been shrinking for years. |
A.Their current states. | B.The challenges they face. |
C.Measures to restore them. | D.Reasons why they become saltier. |
A.Stop. | B.Boost. | C.Adapt. | D.Learn. |
A.The Great Salt Lake Is Getting Smaller |
B.The World Is Becoming Drier and Drier |
C.Saline Lakes Need Freshwater Deadly |
D.Many Lakes in the World will Disappear |
The Old Town of Lijiang, lying in the northwest of Yunnan Province, is one of the last
The Yulong Snow Mountain to the north-west
It
6 . Things to do in Miyakojima
Famous for its sunny beaches and natural wonders, Miyako Island welcomes many visitors during holidays.
Unique beaches
Yonaha Maehama Beach is the most famous beach in Miyakojima, where white sand stretches for seven kilometers. The ocean is colored in emerald blue, attracting visitors with its beauty.Compact Sunayama Beach, known for its arch-shaped rock, is accessed by walking through a narrow tunnel of trees.
Diverse and colorful fish
Snorkeling is a must-try in Miyakojima. Dense coral reefs, schools of tropical fish, sea turtles and plenty of space to free dive to depths of 8 to 15 meters close to the shore are standout features.For beginners, Aragusuku and Shigira are a good choice but advanced snorkelers may see Imgyo Marine Garden, Waiwai Beach and Shimojishima as their ultimate spots.
The bridges
Irabu Bridge is the longest toll-free bridge in Japan. It connects Miyakojima and Irabujima,stretching for 3540m, drawing a gentle curve. The length of the bridge can also be read as“san go no shi ma,” meaning coral island in Japanese. Smaller bridges connect Irabu and Shimoji islands,giving visitors additional beach options. On Shimoji Island, there is a boardwalk around Tooriike,two dramatic marine ponds connected to each other and the sea by an underwater cave system.
Fresh island food
Delight your senses with juicy, melt-in-your-mouth Miyako beef, delicious Miyako soba (noodles served in soup), or fresh fruit. Okinawa prefecture boasts the highest mango yield in Japan,and Miyako Island’s warm subtropical climate is optimal for growing fresh, juicy mangoes. Ice cream with a pinch of salt known as “yuki shio (snow salt)”does more than simply keep you cool.
1. Where is this text probably taken from?A.A tour brochure. | B.A research paper. |
C.A geography book. | D.An academic article. |
A.Irabu Bridge. | B.Yonaha Maehama Beach. |
C.Imgyo Marine Garden. | D.Compact Sunayama Beach. |
A.Delicate cuisine. | B.Attractive scenery. |
C.Peaceful walking. | D.Ancient architecture. |
The Brief Introduction of Xinjiang | |
位置:中国西北 面积:160多万平方公里(sq. km.) 首府:乌鲁木齐(Urumqi) | 人口:约23000000 天气:各地区不同,昼夜温差大 必看的名胜:…… |
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 标题已为你写好。
参考词:新疆国际大巴扎(Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar),吐鲁番(Turpan)的坎儿井(Karez Well System),阿勒泰(Altay)的喀纳斯湖(Kanas Lake)和可可托海国家地质公园(Keketuohai National Geological Park),伊犁(Yili)的那拉提草原(Nalati Grassland in Yili)等。
The Brief Introduction of Xinjiang
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8 . Longing for the most amazing places on the planet? You can do no wrong with these lakes across the globe.
Five Flower Lake
Set in the striking karst landscape of the Jiuzhaigou Valley in Sichuan province, China, Five Flower Lake is extraordinarily clear, with visibility to a depth of 40 metres. Five Flower is one of a series of blue-, green-and sky-colored lakes blocked by rock falls, but it differs from the others as its waters change color, looking sometimes yellow, sometimes green, but usually diamond blue. In winter, Five Flower never freezes; in summer, it never dries up. Local wildlife living in the surrounding mountain forests include the rare giant panda and the golden snub-nose monkey.
Crater Lake
The deep-blue waters of Crater Lake in Oregon, US, fill the outlet of an ancient volcano that collapsed 7,700 years ago. Its strangest occupant is the “Old Man of the Lake”, a nine-metre-tall tree stump(树桩), which has stood upright in the water for more than a century. No rivers or streams enter the lake. Water loss in summer is compensated by winter snow and rain, the entire body of water being replaced every 250 years.
Lake Ohrid
Ancient Lake Ohrid has been around for about five million years and crosses the mountainous border between Macedonia and Albania. It has unique plants and wildlife, including the Ohrid “plashica”, a fish native to the lake, whose scales(鳞片) are used to make Ohrid pearls.
Lake Maggiore
Surrounded on three sides by the Lipontine Alps and touching the plain of Lombardy to the south, Lake Maggiore is Italy’s longest lake. Considered part of the country’s lake district, it is shared with Switzerland. Characterized by a Mediterranean-style climate, temperatures here are mild all year. This has given rise to some of northern Italy’s most wonderful gardens, which appear to float like flower-decked boats on the water.
1. What makes Five Flower Lake different from other lakes?A.Its agreeable climate. | B.The rare local wildlife. |
C.Its color-changing waters. | D.The visibility of waters. |
A.By artificial rain. | B.By snow and rain. |
C.From nearby streams. | D.From an ancient tree. |
A.Five Flower Lake. | B.Crater Lake. |
C.Lake Ohrid. | D.Lake Maggiore. |
9 . Standing on the shore of a lake, I can’t help but feel surprised at the thousands of small rocks that surround my boots. They were all created from
Even the tallest mountains have
But I’m not a
Two years ago, while traveling in the Pacific Northwest, I watched a restaurant owner ask several young men to
The group of young men wanted to
You can fit more rounded rocks in a jar than those with sharp edges. The former look for ways to
I placed a
A.fragile | B.shiny | C.smooth | D.hard |
A.piled up | B.worn down | C.risen up | D.broken down |
A.will | B.voice | C.attitude | D.heart |
A.Still | B.Often | C.Here | D.Once |
A.understanding | B.confident | C.patient | D.competitive |
A.contribute | B.exist | C.work | D.develop |
A.fool | B.soul | C.rock | D.judge |
A.explain | B.leave | C.apologize | D.pay |
A.contradictory | B.confusing | C.forceful | D.discouraging |
A.get through | B.stick to | C.deal with | D.fight against |
A.think | B.care | C.talk | D.argue |
A.even | B.however | C.anyway | D.also |
A.hardships | B.struggle | C.experiences | D.failure |
A.open | B.cautious | C.ambitious | D.independent |
A.ignore | B.accept | C.adjust | D.change |
A.excuse | B.agreement | C.entrance | D.inch |
A.Nature | B.Tolerance | C.Tide | D.Time |
A.reforming | B.seeing | C.exploring | D.travelling |
A.sharp | B.rounded | C.valuable | D.rolling |
A.class | B.belief | C.meeting | D.discussion |
Despite its rapid industrialization, there are still some corners in China that have maintained its original color.
Ancient towns and villages in China are places
Black soybean is often added to its local food to create an
It usually takes a day or two to tour around the old town due to its small size, but you can always stay