2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适合的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last October, three fossilized dinosaur eggs,     1     date back to the early and mid-late Cretaceous period, were found in Wuning County Jiangxi Province. The     2       (authority) said they would put them on display.

An excavator driver found several fossils and fragments (碎片) while     3     (work) on a construction project on October 5 in Wuning County and it was     4     (immediate) reported to the local government, according to Wuning County Museum.

“We received a call which claimed they had found something similar to dinosaur egg fossils and we instantly went to     5     site,” an employee Zhang from Wuning County Museum told the Global Times on Thursday.

She went there     6       the professional team and saw the egg fossils attached to a rock. The three fossils are nearly round and can be seen clearly. Two of     7     (they) are well preserved, and one egg’s shell has peeled off, according to Zhang.

“After professional research by experts, the egg fossils     8     (confirm) as dinosaur egg fossils. They are now with the museum and     9     (far) research has been carried out,” said Zhang.

In recent years, Chinese scientists     10     (discover) from studies of dinosaur egg fossils that a sustained decline in dinosaur diversity happened in the late Cretaceous period.

4 . In 2016, Luncz and her colleagues realized that Brazilian capuchins (卷尾猴) produced stone flakes (小薄片) from the rocks they used to pound (击打) food and dig without necessarily meaning to. It made the team wonder whether the artefacts (人工制品) really reflected any technical planning by those early humans.

Since then, Luncz and her colleagues have been studying tool use in long-tailed macaques (猕猴) on the islands of Phang Nga Bay in Thailand (泰国的攀牙湾). The team set up motion-activated cameras (动作感应摄像头) to study the behaviour of the wild macaques. During 100 hours of footage (镜头)，the team witnessed monkeys accidentally creating flakes as they struck nuts between two stones and then leaving the broken stones to find new, whole stones.

This is almost exactly what the capuchins did in the earlier study. The team then compared 1119 stone flakes from the macaques’ nut-cracking sites with artefacts found at hominin (古人类) sites in Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. The monkeys’ thin, flat, wide stone flakes—ranging from 1.3 to 7.9 centimetres in length—were “almost the same” with flakes that were associated with ancient humans up to 3.3 million years ago, says Tomos Proffitt, another member of the research team at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

The findings could challenge the current understanding of early stone technology, says Proffitt. “I wouldn’t go so far as to say that all of the old material is not intentional,” he says. “But what our study shows is that we can’t be 100 per cent certain that every single flake in the early Stone Age archaeological record was intentionally made. There may be a component within that record that’s unintentional.”

1. What did Luncz and her colleagues realize in 2016?

A．Brazilian capuchins used the stone flakes to cook food.

B．Brazilian capuchins could make artefacts like humans.

C．Brazilian capuchins didn’t produce stone flakes from the rocks on purpose.

D．Brazilian capuchins were more capable of producing stone flakes than early humans.

2. What might capuchins do in the earlier study?

A．They kept the broken stones for future use.

B．They created flakes when they searched for food.

C．They were desperate to find new, whole stones to make stone tools.

D．They accidentally created flakes as they struck nuts between two stones.

3. What did the team find out after they made the comparison in Paragraph 3?

A．The monkeys’ flakes were associated with ancient humans.

B．The flakes used by hominins were actually made by monkeys.

C．The monkeys’ stone flakes ranged from 1.3 to 7.9 centimetres in width.

D．The monkeys’ stone flakes were quite similar to those from early humans.

4. What do you know from the last paragraph?

A．All of the old stone material was unintentional.

B．We could be sure to say all the flakes were made out of purpose.

C．The findings confirmed the current understanding of early stone technology.

D．Some flakes in the early Stone Age archaeological record might be unintentional.

5 . A previously hidden corridor buried deep in the 4500-year-old Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt has been mapped in detail for the first time-and researchers have also taken a glimpse inside using tiny camera called endoscopic camera (内窥镜照相机).

The corridor was first discovered in 2016,but researchers didn’t want to damage the monument to gain access. The pyramid is the only one of the seven wonders of the ancient world still standing, and was, for millennia, the world’s tallest human-made structure at 146 metres. It was built around 2560 BC during the reign of the pharaoh (法老) Khufu.

Using a technique called cosmic-ray muon radiography (宇宙射线μ子成像), an international team of researchers was able to certify that the corridor was 9metres long, with across section of about 2 metres by 2 metres.

Cosmic-ray muon radiography tracks the level of muons (μ介子) passing through the pyramid. In the technique, researchers use muon detectors which are placed at various points around the monument. Muons are partially absorbed by the stone used to build the pyramids, which means the method allows researchers to identify cavities (洞) inside the structure.

This approach has been used to map the internal structures of pyramids since 1971,when it was first used at Giza. Using their precise map of the corridor, the researchers identified an opportunity.

“We knew the cavity was there, but of course it’s totally different when you see it,“ says Procureur. “We felt strange when we saw this.” Still, Procureur was glad of one thing. “It’s a controversial opinion, but I’m relieved the cavity was empty. I wouldn’t have liked to participate in opening a tomb.”

1. Why didn’t the researchers want to damage the monument to gain access to the corridor?

A．Because it is the world’s tallest structure.

B．Because it is the largest pyramid in the world.

C．Because it was built around 2560 AD during the reign of the pharaoh Khufu.

D．Because it is the only one of the seven wonders of the ancient world still standing.

2. What does the underlined word “certify” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Confirm.

B．Imagine.

C．Approach.

D．Reach.

3. What do you know about the cosmic-ray muon radiography?

A．It was first used at Giza in 1917.

B．It tracks the size of muons passing through the pyramid.

C．It has been used to map the external structures of pyramids.

D．It allows researchers to identify cavities inside the structure.

4. What can you infer from the last paragraph?

A．There was nothing in the cavity.

B．The corridor was the same as previously thought.

C．Procureur was interested in participating in opening a tomb.

D．The cavity used to be the tomb of the pharaoh Khufu.

6 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．In Anhui Province.	B．In Shanxi Province.
C．In Shandong Province.	D．In Hubei Province.

2.

A．When he was building a house.

B．When he was digging a tomb in the fields.

C．When he was digging a channel to place pipes for tap water.

D．When he was cleaning his yard.

3.

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

German and Kurdish researchers have discovered an ancient city by the Tigris River. The city    1    (uncover) when the levels of the Mosul reservoir (水库) decreased earlier this year due to the extreme drought in Iraq.

    2    (prevent) crops from drying out, a large amount of water has been drawn down from the reservoir, Iraq’s most important water    3    (store). This led to the reappearance of the city that    4    (sink) decades before without any prior investigations. The unforeseen event made researchers excavate (挖掘) and document at least parts of this city as quickly as possible    5    it sank again.

A team for rescue excavations was put together within days. They were    6    great time pressure because it was not clear when the water in the reservoir would rise again, and the    7    (expose) walls of large buildings in the old city would disappear.

    8    (fortunate), the researchers succeeded in largely mapping the city. In addition to a palace, other large buildings emerged from the reservoir — fortifications (防御工事) with walls and towers and    9    industrial site. The research team was shocked by the well-preserved state of the walls     10    were made of sun-dried mud bricks and had been under water for more than 40 years.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On March 29, 1974, farmers were digging     1     (well) northeast of Xi’an when they made an amazing find: the bodies of life - sized figures These figures     2     (confirm) from the Qin Dynasty by archaeologists later. People dug up statues of more than 500 warriors, 24 horses, and 6 chariots in that same field within weeks, making     3     the archaeological find of the century.

The     4     (found) of the Qin Dynasty was Qinshihuang, who made his capital the city of Xianyang, which is on the northwestern border. It was no secret that when Qinshihuang died, he was buried in     5     enormous tomb more than 70 meters tall, northeast of Xi’an. About 500 secondary tombs and sites were discovered nearby.     6    , through the ages, details of his tomb had become forgotten so when the first terracotta soldiers were unearthed in 1974, the whole world reacted     7     surprise.

Only a small part of the area around Qinshihuang’s tomb bas been explored, and the contents of the tomb itself is still a mystery. According to old stories, it contains a     8     (mass), underground palace, filled with treasure. While some research has been done on the tomb, and it appears     9     these old stories may be true, the tomb has not been discovered because of the challenges     10     (involve) in preserving what is found It could take many more years to discover all the secrets buried there.

10 . A 2,000-year-old fast-food stall (摊位) unearthed from the ashes of Pompeii has given researchers new clues about the snacking habits of the ancient Romans. The snack bar counter, decorated with multicolored patterns and frozen by volcanic ash, was partially unearthed last year but archaeologists extended work on the site to reveal it in its full glory.

Pompeii was buried in a sea of boiling lava when the volcano on nearby Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 AD, killing between 2,000 and 15,000 people. Archaeologists continued to make discoveries there.

The team found duck bone pieces as well as the remains of pigs, goats, fish and snails in earthenware pots. Some of the ingredients had been cooked together like a Roman-era paella(什锦饭). Crushed fava beans(碎蚕豆), used to improve the taste of wine, were found at the bottom of one jar.

“The counter appears to have been closed in a hurry and abandoned by its owners, perhaps as the first noises of the eruption were felt,” said Massimo Osanna, director general at the Archaeological Park of Pompeii.

“A water tower and a fountain were found alongside human remains, including those of a man   believed to have been aged about 50 and discovered near a child’s bed. The remains of another person were also found and could be those of an opportunist thief or someone fleeing the eruption who was surprised by the burning steam just as he opened the pot,” Osanna said.

In the latest stage of their work, archaeologists uncovered a number of still-life scenes, including details about animals believed to have been on the menu, notably wild ducks and a chicken, for serving up with wine or hot drinks.

“As well as bearing witness to daily life in Pompeii, the possibilities to analyze that afforded by this stall are predictable because for the first time we have uncovered a site in its entirety,” Osanna said.

1. What was found to be used by ancient Romans to make the wine tastier?

A．Steamed pork.

B．Duck bone pieces.

C．A Roman-era paella.

D．Crushed fava beans.

2. What probably happened to the snack bar counter according to Massimo Osanna?

A．It was burnt by a little kid.

B．It was ruined by a flood.

C．It was shut down hurriedly.

D．It was broken into by animals.

3. What does Massimo Osanna mainly stress at last?

A．The significance of discovering the stall.

B．The regret for the loss of the ancient city.

C．The barrier to bringing the site back to life.

D．The potential of recovering the hidden stall.

4. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?

A．A Lost City Finds Its Way With the Help of a Stall

B．An Old Fast-food Stall Was Reopened to Customers

C．A Snack Bar Counter Was Destroyed by Volcanic Ash

D．An Unearthed Stall Throws Light on Roman Snacking Habits