1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. efficiently	B. leading	C. working	D. attracted	AB. travelling	AC. managed
AD. talented	BC. opportunities	BD. competition	CD. business	ABC. measure

New York City and Shanghai

New York City is always thought of as the financial capital of the world. However, there is     1    . London has been challenging this, and there is an emerging challenger from the east, the city of Shanghai. Shanghai has become the base for many international and     2     Chinese companies. In fact, Shanghai has been called the New York of the East. One thing that is vibrant (充满活力的) in both cities is the strong sense of a     3     environment.

New York is famous for its financial market on Wall Street. The Dow Jones Index (道琼斯指数) is the measure used to record how stocks and shares in companies are rising or falling in value. It is also famous for its international business network. New York financial service companies have a huge number of     4     people who can make decisions quickly, with profit as the main focus. Shanghai, like New York, has also     5     the best of the talent, but from Asia. Many leading companies are also establishing their Asian regional headquarters in Shanghai. The main    6     of the stock market’s rise and fall in China is the Shanghai Composite Index (上证综合指数).

For people     7     in these cities, the main forms of transport are subways and bus networks. Shanghai’s subway system is much newer than New York’s, but for both cities, good transportation is the key to keeping them as financial centers. The world of finance demands that people are on time and can travel     8     from meeting to meeting.

When it comes to business culture though, there are many differences. In China,     9     are often based on long-term relationships which have grown over a period of time. However, modern trading and investment often requires quick decisions, so this is a difference that has to be    10    . In New York, business relationships are often based on similar interests and investments.

2 . 有提示词的空用所给词的正确形式填空，没有提示词的空填写连词。

Factory farming involves     1     (keep) farm animals inside buildings to increase the production of meat or eggs. The main argument for factory farming is that, apart from     2    (be) a lot cheaper than traditional or organic farming, it provides more food for a world population     3     has already reached 7 billion. On the other hand, opponents of factory farming say that it is cruel to the animals, since many farm animals are kept in small spaces     4     they can hardly move. People     5     fight for animal rights claim that these animals suffer terrible stress.

3 . Team up with former enemies

Dozens of Israeli climate-tech companies are teaming up with once-unfriendly neighbors in the Arab world, working together to stop the threat that climate change will render much of their region uninhabitable.

“It's a matter of human existence,” said AI Anoud AI Hashmi, chief executive of the Futurist Company in the UAE, whose government-supported project-management firm has been working with Israeli companies and organizations since the relation-normalization deals were signed.     1     “We need to put the same money, the same commitment that we used for war toward an ecosystem for peace and prosperity in the region.”

Elad Levi, the vice president for the Middle East and Africa for the Israeli company Netafim, agreed that “there's an opportunity to work together.” The company invented the world's first drip-irrigation systems, developed at tiny Kibbutz Hatzerim in Israel's Negev desert, which covers half of the country.

    2     They signed peace treaties with Israel decades ago but their relations with the Jewish state long remained chilly. Last month, Israel announced plans to sell 50 million cubic meters of water a year to Jordan, the largest known water sale in the history of the two countries. The arrangement is possible because of Israel's development of desalination plants, which now supply 80 percent its drinking water.

“It's not out of generosity,” said Gidon Bromberg, the Israeli director of the regions environmental organization Eco-peace. “It's out of an understanding that Jordan is particularly vulnerable.     3    .”

Since the normalization deals, Israeli business with the Arab world has risen quickly. Trade between Israel and Arab countries has grown 234%, according to Israel's Bureau of statistics. He agreements “have opened the floodgates,” said Fleur Hassan-Nahoum, deputy mayor of Jerusalem. She estimated that trade just between Israel and the UAE has reached $1 billion.

In Glasgow, Israeli Prime Minister Naftali Bennett pledged net-zero emissions by 2050. In a meeting with Microsoft founder Bill Gates, Bennett announced plans for a climate-change working group focused on water solutions and other regional climate issues.     4    

A．It is Israel's own security needs to help Jordan meet its water needs.

B．Despite Israel's advances in climate technology, scientists warned that decades of governmental neglect have left the country unprepared for the coming crisis.

C．He said Israel was committed to exporting its "brainpower" and experience as its main contribution to the global fight against climate change.

D．Over the years, Israel has used technology to transform the vast desert into an agricultural region where high-tech, water-saving farms grow crops.

E．She insists that the region can no longer afford to spend resources on conflicts.

F．The normalization agreements have also given a boost to Israel's economic ties with Jordan and Egypt.

4 . Emerging (新兴的) economies struggled to grow through the 2010s and pessimism hangs over them now. People wonder how they will pay debts rung up during the Covid-19 pandemic and how they can grow rapidly as they did in the past.

The freshest answer is the fast-spreading digital revolution (革命). Emerging nations are adopting cutting-edge technology at a lower and lower cost, allowing them to fuel domestic demand and overcome traditional barriers to growth. Over the past decade, the number of smartphone owners has skyrocketed worldwide. The world’s emerging markets have already demonstrated the transformative effects of digital technology, which has saved the economy with old industries slowing sharply.

The digital revolution is as advanced in emerging economies as in developed ones. Among the top 30 nations by tax income from digital services as a share of GDP, 16 are in the emerging world. Since 2017, digital tax income has been growing in emerging countries at an average annual pace of 26%, compared with 11% in the developed ones.

How can it be that poorer nations are adopting digital technologies faster than the rich? One explanation is habit and its absence. In societies with plentiful physical stores and services, customers are often comfortable with and slow to abandon the providers they have. Nations lacking in schools, hospitals and banks will jump at the first digital option that comes along and quickly bridge these gaps by establishing online services.

Since 2010, the cost of starting a business has held steady in developed countries while falling sharply in emerging countries, from 66% to just 27% of the average annual income. Businessmen can now launch businesses affordably, organizing much of what they need on a smartphone.

It’s early days, too. Tech revolutions usually last a long time. Innovations like the car and the steam engine were still transforming economies half a century later. While the pandemic is weakening globalization, the age of rapid digitization has just begun. This offers many developing economies a revolutionary new path to catching up with the living standards of the developed world.

1. Where are people more willing to accept digital services?

A．In developed societies.

B．In overpopulated nations.

C．In economies with poor online services.

D．In countries short of basic public facilities.

2. How do businessmen in emerging countries benefit from digital technology?

A．They can pay less tax.

B．They make stable profits.

C．They do business at lower costs.

D．They enjoy a bigger share of the market.

3. Why are “the car and the steam engine” mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．To prove old inventions will finally go out of style.

B．To indicate digitization will have a long-term impact.

C．To explain innovations will take a long time to be adopted.

D．To imply developing countries will overtake developed ones.

4. What’s the best title of the text?

A．The Global Economy Is Looking Up

B．Emerging Economies Struggle in the Pandemic

C．Digital Tech Saves the Declining Emerging Markets

D．Digital Service Is Progressing Slowly in Rich Countries

5 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. spread       B. predicted       C. boomed       D. redefined       E. agricultural        F. trade G. accelerated       H. continued       I. exchanging       J. seeking       K. continents

Globalization is term used to describe how     1     and technology have made the world into a more connected and interdependent place.

When did globalization begin? Many scholars say it started with Columbus’s voyage 10 the New World in 1492. People traveled to nearby and faraway places well before Columbus’s voyage,     2     their ideas, products, and customs along the way. The Silk Road, an ancient network of trade routes across China, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean used between 50 B. C. E. and 250 C. E. is perhaps the most well-known early example. As globalization     3    , new technologies played a key role in the Silk Road trade. Advances in metallurgy (冶金术) led to the creation of coins; advances in transportation led to the building of roads connecting the major empires of the day; and increased     4     production meant more food could be trafficked between locales. Along with Chinese silk, Roman glass, and Arabian spices, ideas such as Buddhist beliefs and the secrets of paper-making also     5     via these tendrils of trade.

Unquestionably, these types of exchanges were     6     in the Age of Exploration, when European explorers were     7     new sea routes to the spices and silks of Asia. Again, technology played an important role in the maritime trade routes that flourished between old and newly discovered     8     Trade and idea exchange now extended to a previously unconnected part of the world, where ships carrying plants, animals, and Spanish silver between the Old World and the New also carried Christian missionaries.

The web of globalization     9     to spread out through the Age of Revolution, when ideas about liberty and equality spread like fire from America to France to Latin America and beyond. It rode the waves of industrialization, colonization, and war through the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries, powered by the invention of factories, railways, steamboats, cars, and planes.

With the Information Age, globalization went into overdrive. Advances in computer and communications technology launched a new global era and     10     what it meant to be “connected.”

6 . Gov. Kathy Hochul's proposal to allow restaurants to sell drinks to go with reasonable limitations was met with great enthusiasm all across New York. But New York's liquor (酒) stores have already begun a campaign of misinformation in an effort to block this.

Their basic argument is that the governor's proposal will result in an increase in underage sales, drunken driving, or any other public health problems. However, they throw these statements around without offering any support for their claims — because there is none.

While the liquor stores frequently claim that the laws have been unchanged since the abolishment (废除) of Prohibition in 1934, in just the past 20 years the rules governing liquor stores have been changed, permitting the use of online third-party delivery services and allowing stores to open on Sundays. Restaurant advocates didn't oppose these expanded privileges because they didn't have a significant impact on restaurant sales.

What hasn't changed of the law since Prohibition is the restriction on new liquor store licenses that give liquor stores a geographic territorial monopoly (垄断) to protect them from competition. Under typical circumstances, the State Liquor Authority will only issue a new liquor store license if the nearby stores report steadily increasing sales. However anti-competitive and outdated this restriction may be, it does serve as a protection against their concerns — in the very unlikely event they come to pass.

Economically, the pandemic has been a major help to the liquor store business. Before the pandemic, liquor stores sold 76% of all liquor in New York State and now they sell nearly 85%. And remember, during this period, restaurants were allowed drinks-to-go sales, showing their false claims of economic collapse are not grounded in reality or experience. The sales shift from restaurants to liquor stores over the past two years demonstrates clearly that restaurants have lost sales to liquor stores — we just want to stop the bleeding. While the restaurant industry rebounded for a part of 2021, employment still remains more than 20% below pre-pandemic levels.

1. Why did liquor stores oppose the proposal according to the author?

A．Threat to public health.	B．Boost of underage sales.
C．Concerns about their sales.	D．Limitations to drinks to go.

2. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

A．Liquor stores are in a dog-eat-dog world.

B．Prohibition makes liquor stores dead in the water.

C．The number of liquor stores is under control.

D．What liquor stores worry about is reasonable.

3. What does the underlined word “their” in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Restaurants.	B．Governors.
C．New Yorkers.	D．Liquor stores.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Let restaurants sell drinks to go.

B．Defend liquor stores privileges.

C．Liquor industry is losing money.

D．Restaurants are racing with liquor stores.

7 . For years, Apple's business has centered around the iPhone, but sales of that once-revolutionary but now commonplace device have slowed. And the entire world of computers has been flipped (翻动) on its head. Apple has been diversifying beyond hardware, selling iCloud storage to its customers, a $10 a month music streaming service and movies and television shows through iTunes.

But Monday's concerned announcement takes that diversification to a whole new level. Apple said it was launching a lot of new services, from news to video games and a credit card. Its biggest project is entertainment streaming service Apple TV+.

Apple is expected to invest many billions a year, according to analysts, on making video content to compete in a crowded market that includes Amazon, Netflix, Hulu and Disney.

The real magic in consumer technology is happening less and less inside the devices people carry around and more and more in server farms scattered around the world, where massive amounts of data get processed and then transmitted to electronics like the Amazon Echo or Google Home.

In fact, the electronics people are excited about buying are becoming vessels for sending and receiving data. And in that area, Apple has fallen behind companies like Google, Amazon and Microsoft, which now pull in significant revenue from selling cloud services, which is a fancy term for data center usage and storage.

The invite Apple sent to invitees said simply, “It's show time.” The question now is whether Apple can break a leg.

1. Where does the magic of consumer technology come from?

A．Streaming service.

B．iCloud storage.

C．Server farms.

D．Video games.

2. What does the underlined word “revenue” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Income.

B．Advertisements.

C．Equipment.

D．Games.

3. What does the author tend to agree with?

A．The sales of iPhone have been taking the lead in the world.

B．Apple expects to develop many new functions in its phone.

C．People are crazy about getting some new electronics in life.

D．Apple provides a lot of new services for its consumers now.

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Apple's new efforts to compete against competitors.

B．Electronics will play important roles in technology.

C．Some companies do better than Apple in technology.

D．Apple is able to benefit a lot from its diverse service.

8 . My generation — people born after 1990 — are accustomed to “all-in-platform” life, where we use mobile apps of different platforms to do almost everything in life.

For instance, I ordered a cup of coffee on Monday using an online delivery app. Then, I called a taxi by tapping on the app of a ride-booking service. Next, I bought some necessities on shopping platform Taobao. That done, I moved on to various other online destinations to get my daily fix of music, reading, social networking and so forth.

Platforms now play an increasingly important role in almost all aspects of day-to-day life, not just in economic and political processes. Consumption and social interaction are closely linked to platforms now.

But, I began to get confused recently. I thought I was being treated differently. My friend and I called a taxi at the same time on a ride-hailing platform (打车平台) and found that for the same destination, the prices were different. The price indicated on my phone was higher. One of the potential reasons could have been that I regularly use the ride-hailing platform and have a higher ranking while my friend doesn’t use it that often. So, the ride-hailing platform offers discounts to newbies like her, to attract and have such customers.

China’s latest efforts in regulating monopolistic or improper market behavior are of great significance in protecting consumers’ lawful rights.

“The essence of platform-based monopoly (垄断) is that a large number of users are gathered on only a select few platform companies, leading to uneven data gathering different platforms. But in China some platforms use their own data and traffic (流量) to expand capital in a disorderly way,” said Wang Yong, deputy director of the Institute of Economics at Tinghua University.

Data monopoly also brought another inconvenience for comumers — platforms block links to each other. For instance, link to WeChat Pay of Tencent is not available on Alibuba’s Taobao while there is no Alipay link on JD app’s payment options.

Last year, Meituan was charged with preventing customers from using Alipay as a payment option on Meituan apps and platforms.

In July, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology launched a six-month special rectification (专项治理) for the internet industry, asking platform operators to stop blocking each other’s link.

“More efforts should also be made to strike a good balance between personal information protection and interconnectivity between platforms Companies are being encouraged to further develop data encryption (加密) technology so that the data are available but not visible.”

1. What is the author’s purpose in writing Para.2?

A．To offer some tips on using apps on mobile phone.

B．To share his experience with mobile apps.

C．To further explain what is “all-in-platform” life.

D．To help readers familiarize themselves with mobile apps.

2. What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?

A．The author encountered so called “big data price discrimination”.

B．The author and his friend were treated differently by taxi drivers.

C．Due to the author's higher ranking, the platform offered him a cheaper price.

D．The ride-hailing platform offers discounts to regular customers.

3. The purpose of the platforms blocking each other's links is________.

A．to gather personal information

B．to expand capital

C．to protect consumers' rights

D．to use their data and traffic wisely

4. What is the author's attitude towards data monopoly?

A．Sympathetic.	B．Approving.
C．Critical.	D．Grateful.

5. What does the passage focus on?

A．Data monopolies and the inconvenience they bring to mobile app life.

B．Mobile apps have greatly changed our lives.

C．How to protect personal information on mobile apps.

D．Platforms have impacted every aspect of our daily lives.

9 . This year marks the fourth anniversary of the founding of Xiong’an New Area. Designed to relieve Beijing of non-essential functions and further the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Xiong’an will be a green, smart and world-class city.

1. When was the Xiong’an New Area set up?

A．In 2017.	B．In 2018.
C．In 2019.	D．In 2020.

2. What can we learn from the passage?

A．All technologies are funded to encourage innovation.

B．There were 97 projects under construction at the end of 2020.

C．An investment of 48.78 billion yuan is being made in Xiong’an New Area.

D．To improve water quality of Baiyangdian Lake, the afforested area reached 27,333 hectares.

3. In which part of a newspaper will read the passage?

A．People.

B．Lifestyle.

C．Business.

D．Sports.

10 . The mall(购物商场)is increasingly the exception. Dozens nationwide have fallen into disuse in the past decade, and a quarter of the around 1,100 -that remain are projected to follow by 2022, leaving large areas of empty space.

“We built too many malls, and we built them too cheaply,” said Amanda Nicholson, a professor at Syracuse University. “Only the strong will survive, while the weaker ones fold.”

After losing three of its four anchor(主力)department stores, the country’s oldest shopping mall was in need of new life. Southdale Center in Edina, Minnesota, is getting it this month in the form of a Life Time “resort(度假胜地),” complete with a rooftop pool and beach club. The new gym—which also has a full-service spa—will take the place of a former J. C. Penney store. Life Time is spending $43 million building the three-story facility.

“Malls have become a great opportunity for growth,” said Parham Javaheri, president of Life Time. “They have great visibility, great access and many of them have been around for a long time, so they’re located at the center of offices and homes.”

Fitness centers and gyms now lease(租用)three times as much space in US shopping malls 12 as they did a decade ago. Chains such as Planet Fitness, SoulCycle and Life Time have become coveted because they draw a lot of rich members who stop in a few times a week. Life Time now has country club-like locations at malls around the country and plans to open more than 30 more mall gyms in the coming years. Each gym attracts about 3,000 people a day, Javaheri said, which amounts to “a lot of consumers”.

Other cities have been even more creative with empty mall space. Simon Property Group, the country’s largest mall owner, recently spent $5 million on Allied Esports and announced plans to create 200 mall gaming rooms for competitive video gaming events across the country. “We believe focusing on gameplay will drive traffic and excitement for our properties,” said Lee Sterling, a senior vice president at Simon.

1. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?

A．Malls are dying in the US.

B．Shoppers have changed in the US.

C．Shops mean a lot to most US families.

D．More malls will be built by 2022 in the US.

2. What is Southdale Center trying to do now?

A．It is changing into a gym.

B．It is expanding its anchor shops.

C．It is taking over America’s oldest store.

D．It is spending millions reinventing itself.

3. What does the underlined word “coveted” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A．Independent.	B．Traditional.
C．Attractive.	D．Similar.

4. Which of the following can best describe Sterling’s attitude to Simon’s gaming plan?

A．Doubtful.	B．Favorable.
C．Objective.	D．Unconcerned.