1 . Examples of effective conservation of places matter to the world. They range from the 1960s Nubian campaign to safeguard Ancient Egyptian monuments from the waters of the Aswan Dam to the removal in 2018 of the Belize Barrier Reef from the List of World Heritage in Danger. Conservation is the core purpose of the World Heritage Convention and it may also be its biggest challenge.

The following example shows how successes at specific sites now serve as models for conservation and sustainable (可持续性) development. A year after Vienna was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee (WHC) expressed concerns about the architectural solutions and height of four planned towers of the Wien-Mitte project. This development project, close to the Historic Centre of Vienna in the site’s buffer zone, the one that lies between two or more other areas, affected the urban scale (规模) and visual effects in and around the property (地产). As a result of the Committee’s concerns, Vienna changed its building codes and launched a new design competition for the Wien-Mitte project to work out architectural plans with reduced size in keeping with World Heritage protection.

The successful practice inspired the government of the city to invite over 600 experts and professionals from 55 countries to an international conference on World Heritage and contemporary architecture, held in Vienna in May 2005. The global discussion that followed, detailing an approach to managing conservation and development, was recorded in the UNESCO Recommendation in 2011.

The Recommendation put forwards an all-rounded and combined approach to balancing urban heritage (遗产) conservation and economic development, arguing that active protection and management of urban heritage supports the goal of sustainable development.

The Recommendation supports the harmonious combination of contemporary involvement into the historic urban framework while holding on to values linked to history, memory and the environment.

1. Why does the author mention the Belize Barrier Reef in Paragraph 1?

A．To explain the goal of the organization.

B．To encourage the public to protect the world.

C．To show the positive effect of conservation.

D．To remind people of the environmental problems.

2. Why was WHC worried about the Wien-Mitte project?

A．It took up too much public land of the city.

B．It had a bad effect on the Historic Centre of Vienna.

C．Its original designs were not environmentally friendly.

D．Its architectural solutions couldn’t meet safety standards.

3. What did the global discussion focus on?

A．The ways to combine conservation and development.

B．The creation of the new UNESCO Recommendation.

C．The international urban management and development.

D．The styles of the contemporary architecture of Vienna.

4. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?

A．To examine the challenges faced by global urban planners.

B．To introduce alternative ways of protecting the environment.

C．To stress the importance of the value of history and memory.

D．To promote active conservation and sustainable development.

2 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. Who organizes the Winter Festival?

A．The businessmen.

B．Some volunteers.

C．The government.

2. When will the opening might take place?

A．Friday.

B．Saturday.

C．Sunday.

3. What will be held in the Main Exhibition Hall?

A．A fancy-dress show.

B．An art exhibition.

C．A sound of music.

4. What is the purpose of the talk?

A．To compare the events of the festival.

B．To inform people of the festival.

C．To raise money for the festival.

3 . When we saw a programme on TV about a Christmas trip to Lapland, we knew our four children would love it. ____ them on any holiday is costly, but it was a once-in-a-lifetime ____ for our family.

In October, we got the children to write Christmas ____ to Santa. They thought it was a bit soon but were ____ just how many letters Santa receives, so getting in early would make sure that he would read them.

Our departure day arrived in mid-December. There was an explosion of excitement as we parked and ____ our suitcases onto a trolley (手推车) and the children realized we were _going on a plane. The excitement built as we ____.

It was all worth it. The look on their faces as we ____ in Rovaniemi, Finland, was ____. Four days of total magic followed. We took sleigh rides, ____ snow mobiles (雪地摩托) and patted reindeer. On our fourth day we finally ‘found’ Santa, who had a genuine, thick white ____. His home was ____ from floor to ceiling with Christmas parcels, which was every child’s dream.

If that wasn’t ____, he held four hand-written letters that our children immediately ____. Santa said, “So, you must be Thomas, Lucy, Alice and Philip and you’ve come all the way from England just to see me!” He turned to one of the towers of wrapped presents, ____ up and carefully withdrew four parcels. Each of them received a personally addressed ____ signed ‘With love from Father Christmas’ and inside was ____ what they’d asked for in their letters.

Those four days in Lapland will ____ forever the most memorable of our lives. Our four children, now aged between 32 and 38, still talk about that ____ as the most wonderful Christmas ever where childhood magic came to ____.

1.

A．Bringing

B．Taking

C．Putting

D．Carrying

2.

A．action

B．performance

C．experience

D．adventure

3.

A．letters

B．messages

C．cards

D．stories

4.

A．asked

B．warned

C．persuaded

D．reminded

5.

A．fixed

B．loaded

C．delivered

D．packed

6.

A．hardly

B．completely

C．actually

D．hopefully

7.

A．checked in

B．dropped by

C．showed off

D．looked back

8.

A．landed

B．appeared

C．poured

D．entered

9.

A．useless

B．harmless

C．priceless

D．careless

10.

A．seated

B．flew

C．moved

D．rode

11.

A．cap

B．beard

C．fur

D．stick

12.

A．covered

B．buried

C．charged

D．filled

13.

A．enough

B．perfect

C．possible

D．welcome

14.

A．judged

B．recognized

C．noticed

D．observed

15.

A．made

B．cheered

C．reached

D．picked

16.

A．photo

B．book

C．poster

D．gift

17.

A．exactly

B．partly

C．naturally

D．particularly

18.

A．work

B．remain

C．change

D．send

19.

A．game

B．camp

C．trip

D．task

20.

A．mind

B．power

C．light

D．life

4 . Anecdotal evidence has long held that creativity in artists and writers can be associated with living in foreign parts. Rudyard Kipling, Pablo Picasso, Ernest Hemingway, Paul Gauguin, Samuel Beckett and others spent years living abroad. Now a pair of psychologist has proven that there is indeed a link.

As they report in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, William Maddux of INSEAD, a business school in Fontainebleau, France, and Adam Galinsky, of the Kellogg School of Management in Chicago, presented 155 American business students and 55 foreign ones studying in America with a test used by psychologists as a measure of creativity Given a candle, some matches and a box of drawing pins, the students were asked to attach the candle to a cardboard wall so that no wax would drip on the floor when the candle was lit. (The solution is to use the box as a candleholder and fix it to the wall with the pin.) They found 60% of the students who were either living abroad or had spent some time doing so, solved the problem, whereas only 42% of those who had not lived abroad did so.

A follow-up study with 72 Americans and 36 foreigners explored their creative negotiating skills. Pairs of students were asked to play the role of seller of a petrol station who then needed to get a job and a buyer who would need to hire staff to run the business. The two were likely to reach a deadlock because the buyer had been told he could not afford what the seller was told was his minimum price. Nevertheless, when both negotiators had lived abroad 70 % struck a deal in which the seller was offered a management job at the petrol station in return for a lower asking price. When neither of the negotiators had lived abroad, none was able to reach a deal.

Merely travelling abroad, however, was not enough. You do have to live there. Packing your beach towel and suntan lotion will not, by itself make you Hemingway.

1. What is the purpose of mentioning the famous names in the opening paragraph?

A．To show the relationship between creativity and living abroad.

B．To indicate the link between artistic creation and life experience.

C．To emphasize how great these artists are.

D．To impress the importance of creativity.

2. What can be inferred from the text?

A．William Maddux and Adam Galinsky have carefully designed the test.

B．Negotiators who had lived abroad are more flexible in negotiating.

C．American business students are less creative than those oversea students.

D．One's creativity is associated with the length one has spent abroad.

3. What does the author mean in the last sentence of paragraph 4?

A．There exist sharp differences between travelling and living abroad.

B．You shouldn't lie on the beach when travelling.

C．Only real experience of living abroad can help drive creativity.

D．Living abroad is more meaningful than just travelling abroad.

4. Where is the text most likely from?

A．A diary.	B．A magazine.
C．A novel.	D．A guidebook.

5 . Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.

Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.

It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.

1. What does the smile usually mean in America?

A．Love.	B．Politeness.
C．Joy.	D．Thankfulness.

2. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .

A．show friendliness to strangers

B．be used to hide true feelings

C．be used in the wrong places

D．show personal habits

3. What should we do before attempting(尝试) to "read" people?

A．Learn about their relations with others.

B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.

C．Find out about their past experience.

D．Figure out what they will do next.

4. What would be the best title for the test?

A．Cultural Differences

B．Smiles and Relationship

C．Facial Expressiveness

D．Habits and Emotions