Spoken Chinese consisted of a number of Chinese dialects(方言)throughout history. In the Ming Dynasty, standard Mandarin was nationalized. Even so, it was not until the Republic of China era in the 1910s that there were some noticeable results in    1    (promote)a common unified language in China.

The ancient written standard was Classical Chinese and it was used for thousands of years. However, it    2     (reserve)mnostly for scholars and intellectuals. Only after the May 4th Movement did the push for Vernacular Chinese begin. This allowed common    3     (citizen)to read since it was modeled after the linguistics and phonology of a spoken language.

    4    the difficulty in mastering it, Classical Chinese remains    5    (extreme) important in the world heritage of languages. Classical Chinese＇s birth is related to the beginning of astronomy(天文学), the    6     (connect) with higher spirits through divination (占卜) and the formation of several Books of Changes,     7    most famous being the one of the Zhou Dynasty. Therefore, Chinese is packed with great meaning and    8    (wise). It is not only a code or a tool, but a language    9    gives light and guidance when    10    (receive) in a proper way. Classical Chinese has been the cultural backbone of all the great philosophies, spiritualities, and even arts not just in China but all over Asia.

Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to attract the attention of the world. Kung fu,    1    (especial), has had a great effect     2     millions of people who first learnt about China through it. Sometimes, they may come to China and learn about some other aspects of this culture. Some Asian     3     (nation) have long known about the     4    (great) of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are     5     mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. South Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism, something that continues today even if it     6    (challenge) by pop culture.This strength comes from the ideas     7    (give) in The Four Books of Confucianism, which were built upon the idea of an even     8    (ancient) period included in The Five Classics. From them, the West learns     9     is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui.

So far China has taken steps     10    (increase) this spread of its culture by establishing Chinese Cultural Centres in such places as the United States and Europe.

Dressed in long robes, a crowd of young people wanders around royal gardens, with their flowing sleeves(衣袖)    1    (gentle) swaying in the breeze. They are not actors nor actresses in a movie set, but Hanfu fans in a themed event held in Beijing.

“Over a decade ago, Hanfu fashion was a subculture, but relevant     2    (activity) often draw thousands of participants these days, ” said Liu Xiang, an organizer of the event.

Hanfu,     3     was a traditional style of clothing worn by the Han people, nowadays enjoys a growing     4    (popular) among young Chinese people, including Liu. Liu is a co-founder of a Hanfu community in Beijing. This community, called Hua Yan Hui, was founded in 2011     5    (follow) a Hanfu revival(复兴) movement that emerged from growing cultural confidence and the desire     6    (express) national identity. Since then, Liu     7    (volunteer)to support the group.

“My passion     8     Hanfu came from two of my friends who love traditional Chinese clothing, ” Liu said. Her interest grew as she learned more about     9     culture behind it and acquired her first Hanfu costume. Currently, more and more young people wear the adjusted Hanfu with the belief     10     the best way to preserve tradition is to adapt it to modern life.

Nobody wants to be aged. But     1     it comes to visiting cities, most of us want to visit the world’s oldest cities. Luoyang is one of the oldest and most     2     (attract) cities in the world that I’d like to recommend to you.

Luoyang is known     3     the oldest continually inhabited city in Asia. The city is considered to be     4     birthplace of Chinese culture and history as well as being one of the seven ancient capitals of China. There     5     (be) no other city in China that has seen so many     6     (dynasty) like Luoyang.

With such a long and exciting history, Luoyang really has a lot     7     (offer). The Longmen Grottoes, which     8     (include) on the World Heritage List in 2000, and many historic Buddhist temples     9     (usual) attract tourists from all over the world every year. Luoyang is also famous for the White Horse Temple, the earliest Buddhist temple     10     (build) in China. Are you eager to visit the city?

It took two years to complete the design work for the Chinese Olympic delegation’s entry uniform. The final uniform designs were    1     (official) confirmed in March last year for the Chinese Olympic delegation participating    2     the Tokyo Olympics.

Since the appearance of the athletes is a focus of the opening ceremony,     3     eye-catching color like red is a top choice, especially since it is the primary shade in China’s national flag,     4     (symbolize)energy, passion as well as joy in Chinese culture. White, which represents     5     (bright), purity and spirituality, plays a buffering(缓冲)role in the costume design.

    6    the color red is combined with white at the occasion of the opening ceremony of the Olympics makes an favorable statement reflecting the theme of the design: “making a good start” . The hem (卷边) of the white dress for female athletes     7     (feature) China’s national flower, the peony. The source for the pattern     8    (draw)from a Ming Dynasty(1368- 1644)peony bowl, which is representative of     9     (we)traditional Chinese aesthetics (美学). The design of the man’s shirts is inspired by the five-star graphic pattern of China’s national flag. It reflects the spirit of the Chinese Olympic team     10     (fight)together for national honor.