1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theater that    1    ( appear) in Beijing in the late 18th century.    2    (combine) music, song, dance and acrobatics (杂技动作) in a lively and colorful display, it is a    3    ( relative) new style of drama, compared to other types of Chinese theater.

In the early years of Peking Opera, all the actors were men,    4     the roles of women played by young boys. The stories fell into two main    5    ( category) -wen, or civil theater, which focused on love, marriage and other civilian concerns, and wu,or military theater, which focused on the theme of war and was known for featuring thrilling stage actions.

In the first half of the    6    (twenty) century, the most famous actor of Peking Opera was Mei Lanfang,    7     played a key role in popularizing Peking Opera and introducing Chinese theater to the West. Additionally, Mei also took the bold step of taking on female students, which was    8    highly risky and unconventional step at the time.

After the founding of the People' s Republic of China, Peking Opera performances, which dealt with contemporary and revolutionary themes, were encouraged. Despite    9    ( it) ups and downs, Peking Opera was revived(复兴) in the 1980s and continues to    10    (perform) today.

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Traditional earthen buildings

Listed as a World Cultural Heritage in 2008, tulou or earthen buildings are unique rural dwellings ( 住宅) in the     1     (mountain) area in east China's Fujian Province. The buildings     2     (appear) in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and took     3     (they) current shapes in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Some of the Hakka and Hoklo people still live in the tulou. The buildings were     4     (original) for Hakka families to live together and defend     5    the invaders. They evolved from local mountain camps, most of     6     took a circular structure. Most of the earthen buildings have been developed since it was   put on the List, and the number of tourists     7     (rise)dramatically. Lin Jianwen is currently the sixth generation owner of Zhencheng Building     8     (build) in 1912. Lin went back home and inherited the building, turning it into a homestay hotel. In peak time, there are 200 people from 27 families     9     (live) in it. He runs     10    business with his family and takes good care of the visitors. Welcoming tourists from all over the world makes Lin's life more colorful in the village.

3 . Five people are talking about tipping in a restaurant.

Richard:

A tip is a “thank you,” but in truth, a tip is payment for service. 20% is a standard tip. Servers deserve it for their hard work. Tips make up about 97% of a server’s total income.     1    So, before servers are paid to living wage, tip 20%.

Daniel:

Why should I pay the difference between what the restaurant is willing to pay the employee and what an acceptable wage is? I do pay 20%, but I hate it. How about miners, construction workers, resident doctors, etc?     2    

Kate:

I’ve always viewed tipping as a way of saying “thank you” to the one who serves me. I tip according to the quality of service. The better the service, the higher the tip.     3    Much like the harder teachers in school, I never give an easy “A”.

Patricia:

18-20%for good service is today’s standard. The restaurant and its employees are too polite to tell you this or to put it on their menus, but that is their expectation and you need to understand that.     4    To do otherwise is to be openly rude.

Michael:

Tipping has gotten out of control. I always had thought it was 15%, and now suddenly servers have made it 20%. I tip 15%, and that’s it. Interesting to be told, “If you can’t afford to tip 20%, then you should eat at home.”     5    

A．Do they get tipped?

B．Those tips are needed for survival

C．I believe it is good manners to respect this

D．If you disagree, why not eat elsewhere?

E．Unless the service is perfect, I never tip more than 10% of the bill

F．Restaurants will never pay more unless they are forced to do so by new laws.

G．If all those people stayed away, the restaurant would not even be in business.

4 . 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom最近正在学习汉语，对中国文化很感兴趣。他给你发来了一封邮件，询同你农历鸡(the Year of the Rooster)的文化涵义，请你根据以下要点，给他写一封回信。
       1、代表守时：可以报时。       
       2、代表勇敢：斗鸡游戏(cockfighting)
       3、代表吉祥：鸡与“吉”同音。
注意：
       1．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
       2．词数100左右；
       3．文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，

I’ m glad to know that you are so curious about Chinese culture．____________________

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       Yours，

       Li Hua