1.我理想中的未来机器人是一个英俊的小伙子， 名叫杰里；
2.他不仅歌唱得好，也擅长踢足球。他很聪明，能说流利的中文和英文；
3.他理解我、关心我。当我沮丧时，他会鼓励我； 当我取得很大进步时，他会表扬我；
4.他帮我学习；
5.杰里是我最好的朋友，我非常喜欢他。
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3 . Program fools humans
Have you ever been so bored that you started a conversation with a “chatbot (聊天机器人)”? You probably discovered quickly that it wasn't much fun, because the things it says hardly ever make any sense and chatting with it doesn't provide the same kind of back-and-forth as a human conversation.
That might have made you wonder: will a computer ever be able to talk like a human?
That day is certainly getting closer now. A computer program named “Eugene Goostman” has successfully passed the Turing test – by fooling people into thinking it was a 13-year-old boy, reported AFP on June 9.
While you may have never heard of the Turing test, it means a lot in the world of artificial (人工的) intelligence.
According to USA Today, the test was first invented in 1950 by Alan Turing, a British computer expert best known for his code-breaking work during World War II. In his test, a group of human judges take turns having keyboard conversations for five minutes with two subjects – a human and a piece of computer software. If up to 30 percent of the judges fail to tell the two apart, the program is considered to have passed the test.
“If a machine is indistinguishable (无法区分的) from a human, then it could be said to be ‘thinking’,” wrote Turing in his paper Computing, Machinery & Intelligence back in 1950.
No computer had ever passed the Turing test before. But this time, Eugene Goostman, developed by two Russian scientists to simulate (模拟) a 13-year-old boy, managed to convince 33 percent of judges that it was human.
Machines are close to “reaching the milestone of communicating with us in a way that we are comfortable with”, Professor Kevin Warwick of the University of Reading, UK, told The Telegraph. “This brings closer the time in which robots start to play an active role in our daily lives.”
Some people feel a bit disturbed by the news. They worry that computers will outsmart humans in the near future and take over the world. But Warwick said that it is unlikely that this will happen any time soon. After all, computers have only just learned to have a five-minute conversation, while we humans can do so much more than that.
1. What is the main purpose of the article?| A．To inform us about the disadvantages of talking with a “chatbot”. |
| B．To introduce the background and significance of the Turing Test. |
| C．To explain how the computer program “Eugene Goostman” works. |
| D．To report on a recent breakthrough in the world of artificial intelligence. |
| A．Several computer programs have successfully passed the test since it was introduced. |
| B．A program that is believed to have passed the test must fool at least half of the judges. |
| C．The Turing Test is used as a way to determine whether machines can think. |
| D．Machines that have passed the test can communicate with us freely. |
| A．He expects it to play a more active role in our daily lives. |
| B．He is optimistic about humans' control of computers in the coming years. |
| C．He is concerned that computers might one day get the better of humans. |
| D．He feels uncomfortable communicating with machines like Eugene Goostman. |
4 . An ambitious project to establish a human colony on Mars has attracted applications from tens of thousands of would-be astronauts, just two weeks after applications opened.
The mission, a private venture by the Dutch non-profit organization, Mars One, aims to send a crew to the Red Planet in 2022 — and, due to the physiological change in the human body after a stay on Mars, there’d be no coming back. That hasn’t deterred people, though, so far, over 200,000 people have applied to become one of Mars’ first immigrants.＂This is turning out to be the most desired job in history,＂ says Bas Lansdorp, co-founder of Mars One.
Day-to-day life on Mars will be no picnic. The organization says that the daily routine on the planet would involve construction work on the colony (installing greenhouses,for example), maintenance of the settlement’s systems and research into Mars’ climate and geological history — all in an inhospitable environment with unbreathable air and an average temperature in the planet’s mid-latitudes of around －58 ℉.
But Mars One says it is not looking for applicants with specific skills, such as a science degree, which might be useful during an interplanetary posting. Instead, they are looking for people who ＂have a deep sense of purpose, willingness to build and maintain healthy relationships, the capacity for self-reflection and ability to trust.＂ They also want volunteers who are ＂resilient, adaptable, curious, creative and resourceful.＂ Candidates will receive a minimum of eight years training before leaving Earth, the company says.
In addition to people skills, successful applicants must be good fundraisers too: Mars One plans to raise much of the mission’s $6 billion estimated cost through a reality TV show following the applicants as they undergo preparations for the one-way trip to Mars.
1. According to the passage,we can’t know about Mars that _______________.| A．there is no human beings living on it now |
| B．there is no air on it |
| C．the mid-latitudes’ average temperature is lower than that on the earth |
| D．it will lead to physiological change for human beings living on it |
| A．live in cold |
| B．get a desired job |
| C．do some research |
| D．get a large amount of money |
| A．have a science degree |
| B．have people skills |
| C．be good fundraisers |
| D．have a deep sense of purpose |
| A．prevented | B．scared |
| C．explained to | D．informed |
5 . Claude Sammut, a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales in Australia, said it would soon be possible for robots to defeat the stars of the future.
For many years, Mr Sammut has been a member of a project called RoboCup, where robots have been programmed to learn how to play football and compete against others in a football match.
As he explains, the robots are having difficulty in learning how to control the ball and move the ball on their own, but he is still full of confidence that one day in the future they will show the same skills as Wayne Rooney, who is one of the best football players in the world.
Mr Sammut also said, ＂In 1968, John McCarthy and Donald Michie made a bet with David Levy, who was then the chess champion in Scotland, that within 10 years a computer program would be able to beat him. It took a little bit longer than 10 years (nearly 30 years) but eventually such programs came into being.＂
＂In the same spirit of a grand challenge, RoboCup aims to develop a team of robots that can defeat the world soccer champion team by the year 2050. To achieve this, or come even closer to the ambition, the robots will have to be able to sense and act in completely unstructured environments. This will require major advances in perception(感知), decision making, learning, and cooperative behaviors. Considering robots are integrated hardware and software systems, great advances will also be needed in sensors (传感器), energy storage, and materials.＂
1. The RoboCup is aimed to develop robots that know how to ______________.| A．play computer football games |
| B．play football and win in real matches |
| C．understand the rules of the football game |
| D．improve the skills of real football players |
| A．They can’t run as fast as real people. |
| B．They can’t recognize their partners accurately. |
| C．They can’t control the ball well by themselves. |
| D．They can’t pass the ball to their partners. |
| A．in 1968 | B．in 1978 |
| C．in the 1990s | D．30 years ago |
| A．Scientists’ Wisdom in Designing Robot Football Players |
| B．Robot Football Players to Beat the World’s Best Team by 2050 |
| C．Robot Football Players’ Bright Future |
| D．Mr Sammut — the Father of Robot Football Players |
1.生活方面；
2.交通方面；
3.医疗方面。
注意：词数120左右。
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7 . Self-driving cars are so popular that the University of Michigan has even established a town called Mcity to allow car manufacturers to safely test their autonomous cars.
While Mcity can be used to simulate（模拟）many real-life road conditions，it can't help test gestures drivers use to communicate their intention（意图）to other drivers，pedestrians or cyclists. To find a solution，US car manufacturer Ford，with researchers from Virginia Tech，at the beginning considered using text as a way to communicate the car's intention，but decided it would probably not work universally. The option of using symbols was also rejected，because research shows that a majority of people do not have a good understanding of what they mean.
Finally, the researchers settled on light signals. A white light warned that there were no humans in the car. A slow blinking one indicated that the car was coming to a stop, while a rapidly flashing light cautioned passersby that the car was about to speed up.
Then came the big challenge—testing the signals on real roads. "We needed to try out this new lighting to communicate the intention of the vehicle, but if you've got a driver behind the seat, you still have natural communication between humans," said Andy Shaudt, who led the research team. "So we needed to make it look like a driverless car."
The team designed a car seat costume（戏装）that the driver would wear to cover his or her face and upper body. Of course，the drivers could see very clearly. The researchers then equipped the car with cameras to capture human reactions to a light bar，which flashed one of the three signals when appropriate. Six drivers，all keeping their hands low on the wheel so as not to be noticed，took turns to test driving the car through the busy streets.
The overall reaction to the flashing lights was very encouraging. Who knew costumes could be useful for more than Halloween？
1. What did the team first consider using as a way to communicate the car's intention?| A．Light. | B．Language. |
| C．Symbols. | D．Sound. |
| A．symbols | B．drivers |
| C．researchers | D．flashes |
| A．The car was coming to a stop. |
| B．There was no driver in the car. |
| C．The car was about to speed up. |
| D．The car was about to slow down. |
| A．amuse the driver | B．attract the pedestrians |
| C．warn the cyclists | D．confuse the people |
8 . What will man be like in 5,000 or even 50,000 year from now on? We can only make a guess, of course. However, we can be sure that he will greatly differ from what he is today.
Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today.
On the other hand, we make less use of out* arms and legs.
Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may be true.
| A．For man is slowly changing all the time. |
| B．As a result, these are likely to grow weaker. |
| C．Man will live in the earth for a long time. |
| D．Now on average, man is about three inches taller. |
| E．This is likely to bring about a physical change, too. |
| F．What9s more, man is likely to have a wonderful life. |
| G．All in all, in spite of all these changes, future men will still have a lot in common with us. |
9 . From self-driving cars to carebots (care+robots) for elderly people, rapid development in technology has long represented a possible threat (威胁) to many jobs normally performed by people. But experts now believe that almost 50 percent of occupations existing today will be completely unnecessary by 2025 as artificial intelligence (AI) continues to change businesses.
“The next fifteen years will see a revolution in how we work, and a revolution will necessarily take place in how we plan and think about workplaces,” said Peter Andrew, Director of Workplace Strategy for CBRE Asia-Pacific. A growing number of jobs in the future will require creative intelligence, social skills and the ability to use artificial intelligence.
The report is based on interviews with 200 experts, business leaders and young people from Asia-Pacific, Europe and North America. It shows that in the US technology already destroys more jobs than it creates. But the report states, “Losing occupations does not necessarily mean losing jobs—just changing what people do.” Growth in new jobs could occur as much, according to the research. “The growth of companies that have the speed and technological know-how will directly challenge big companies,” it states.
A 2014 report by Pew Research found 52 percent of experts in artificial intelligence and robotics were optimistic about the future and believed there would still be enough jobs in the next few years. The optimists pictured “a future in which robots do not take the place of more jobs than they create,” according to Aaron Smith, the report’s co-author.
“Technology will continue to affect jobs, but more jobs seem likely to be created. Although there have always been unemployed people, when we reached a few billion people there were billions of jobs. There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change,” Microsoft’s Jonathan Grudin told researchers.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?| A．The result of job reduction. |
| B．The fast development of AI. |
| C．The future life of elderly people. |
| D．The influence of technology on jobs. |
| A．Take the place of AI. |
| B．Work in a traditional way. |
| C．Take up jobs requiring creativity. |
| D．Enjoy life without working anymore. |
| A．Job unemployment will stay high. |
| B．More jobs tend to appear in the future. |
| C．Job competition is likely to grow fiercer. |
| D．Technology will have less control over jobs. |
| A．Are People Losing Their Jobs? |
| B．The Requirements for Future Jobs |
| C．The Challenging Life in the Future |
| D．Does Technology Simplify Everything? |
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Let us suppose it is now about A. D. 2060. Let’s believe it is about forty-four years from now. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.
Voyages to the moon are being made every day. It is as easy to take a holiday on the moon today as it was for the people in 1960 to take a holiday in Europe. At a number of scenic spots on the moon, many hotels have been built. The hotels are air-conditioned, naturally. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of young and old.
What are people eating now? People are still eating food. They haven’t yet started to take on heir (继承) supply of energy directly. They may some day. But many foods now come in pill forms, and the food that goes into the pill continues to come mainly from green plants.
Since there are several times as many people in the world today as there were a hundred years ago, most of our planet’s surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated (灌溉) with water and crops are no longer destroyed by pests. The harvest is always good.
Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farm. It is possible to run the farm by just pushing a few buttons now and then.
Such would be our life in 2060.
1. When was the passage written?
| A．In about 1960. | B．In about 2004. | C．In about 2010. | D．In about 2016. |
| A．Many tourists. | B．Many other animals. | C．Many plants. | D．A sea. |
| A．Biscuits in pill forms. | B．Foods in pill forms. |
| C．Foods in water forms. | D．Foods in gas forms. |
| A．There is smaller population. | B．There are more pests. |
| C．There is less water. | D．The crops are getting better. |
