1. 位于四川省北部；
2. 1992年被列入《世界遗产名录》；
3. 有湖泊和森林等景观。
注意：
1. 词数80 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
参考词汇：《世界遗产名录》The World Heritage List
Dear Robert,
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Yours,
Li Hua
2 . How to Survive a Tsunami on the Beach
The word tsunami is from Japanese. It describes a series of waves that can reach over 100 feet tall and travel at speeds up to 600 miles per hour across the sea. A single wave in a tsunami can be quite long, as much as 60 miles, causing great damage.
Your best chance for surviving a tsunami on a beach is to pay attention to the warning signs, stay away from the shore after an earthquake, and get to high land. Then wait for information from disaster response groups.
The sooner you know a tsunami is coming the better your chance of making it to higher ground.
·Head for high ground, get at least 100 feet above sea level.
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·Don’t swim against the current.
As you learn how to survive a tsunami, remember the first wave in a series of waves is the smallest and weakest.
| A．That’s why it’s crucial to know how to survive a Tsunami. |
| B．Grab something like a tree or something that float, like a raft. |
| C．The waves following an earthquake may continue for hours or up to a day. |
| D．That’s why it’s essential to learn the early warning signs to survive a tsunami. |
| E．If it’s too late, and the water’s already rising, here’s what to do in a tsunami. |
| F．Your best chance for surviving a tsunami on a beach is to pay attention to the warning signs. |
| G．Whether you’re visiting or living in a tsunami zone, learn where the closest place is out of the tsunami’s reach. |
3 . Humans have been living and working on the space station for over 20 years. Their meals are packaged, though sometimes astronauts receive fresh treats from resupply missions. The longer that packaged food is stored, the more it loses nutrients (营养物质) like vitamin C and vitamin K.
Astronauts have successfully grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance to sample (品尝) each one. The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first chili peppers (辣椒) grown in space. The crew finally had a chance to taste the peppers after initially kicking off the plant experiment on the space station in July.
Plant Habitat-04 is one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory to date because peppers take much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants. After growing for four months, the peppers were harvested on Friday.
Peppers provide a great source of vitamin C, as well as other key nutrients. Pepper plants self-pollinate (自花授粉), so they are easy to grow, and they are a pick-and-eat crop that doesn’t have to be cooked. They are also safe to eat raw.
A side effect of life in zero gravity is that astronauts often lose some of their taste and smell, so spicy or well-seasoned foods are a favorite. Adding fresh greens or peppers to the menu allows astronauts to liven up their regular meals. But growing and tending to the plants can also produce other benefits.
Astronauts have described the joy from seeing—as well as smelling and caring for—leafy green plants on the space station that remind them of earth.
“Growing colorful vegetables in space can have long-term benefits for physical and psychological health,” said Matt Romeyn, principal investigator for the experiment. “We are discovering that growing plants and vegetables with colors and smells helps to improve astronauts’ well-being.”
1. What makes Plant Habitat-04 one of the most complex plant experiments?| A．The technology. | B．Growing process. |
| C．The varieties of plants. | D．Growing time required. |
| A．Peppers are delicious. | B．Peppers can recover taste. |
| C．Peppers help prevent diseases. | D．Peppers can improve memory. |
| A．The first chili peppers grown in space. |
| B．The agricultural goal in the space mission. |
| C．The fun of growing chili peppers in space. |
| D．The chili peppers used in the space mission. |
4 . It is not always easy to understand animal behavior, especially when it’s related to other species (物种). For decades, researchers have observed orca (虎鲸) attacking and even killing porpoises (鼠海豚) in the Pacific Northwest. But it confuses people that these expert hunters don’t eat them. So what’s going on here?
Southern Resident orcas are a different population of orcas that live in the Pacific Northwest. The lives of these orcas are closely tied to those of the salmon (鲑鱼). So if the salmon disappear, so too will the orca. But despite their preference for salmon, these whales are known to attack and kill other smaller marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物)without eating them.
To better understand this unusual behavior, an international team of researchers did a research and examined more than 60 years of recorded interactions between Southern Resident orcas and porpoises in the Salish Sea.
“Why don’t the Southern Residents just eat porpoises instead?” Deborah Giles of Wild Orca said. “It’s because fish-eating killer whales have a completely different ecology and culture from orcas that eat marine mammals. So we must conclude that their interactions with porpoises serve a different purpose, but this purpose has only been a guess until now.”
According to Giles and her colleagues’ work, the orca may be attacking the porpoise as a form of social play. It is possible these large animals may be attacking the smaller mammals as a way to build up social cohesion (凝聚力). Similarly, the behavior could represent hunting practice, by which the orcas are practising their teamwork and cooperation skills for hunting salmon. Finally, the behavior could be a way of “mismothering” where the orca see the smaller porpoises as weaker or ill and so in need of care.
This work highlights the need for the protection of salmon populations in the area as well as the orcas’ entire hunting range. The threat (威胁) to the salmon’s future is not just a threat to a single species, but an entire ecosystem.
1. Why did an international team of researchers do their study?| A．To find out a way to protect porpoises. |
| B．To make sure the reason why some orcas attack salmons. |
| C．To solve the problem of marine mammals’ living environment. |
| D．To better understand the strange behavior of Southern Resident orcas. |
| A．Porpoises | B．Marine mammals. | C．Salmons. | D．Whales. |
| A．It’s a kind of social play with porpoises. |
| B．It is a practice to kill porpoises as their food. |
| C．The orcas may dislike the smaller porpoises. |
| D．It’s a way for the orcas to practice their hunting skills. |
| A．Positive. | B．Objective. | C．Doubtful. | D．Uncertain. |
1. 位于北京市的东部，占地约50公顷，1994年6月18日开放；
2. 旨在展示中国优秀的传统文化，增强爱国意识；
3. 在园内的民族村寨里，游客除可欣赏各民族的传统建筑、精彩表演外，还可以品尝许多美食，里面有多种活动，适合不同年龄段的游客参加。
参考词汇：中华民族园Chinese Ethnic Culture Park, 意识awareness, 50公顷50 hectares
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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Peru is a beautiful country
In Amazon Rainforest Tour, you can first take a short
In Machu Picchu Tour, a four-day hike will take you on
So come and experience what Peru has to offer.
7 . Cats might be skillful in knowing how to always land on their feet and keep themselves clean, but do they know their own names? When you call their names and they actually come,is it because they hear you getting their food ready, or is it because they know exactly what you said?
“Though cats might not always understand what exactly we’re saying, they can learn to connect sounds with good or bad results,” says Mikel Delgado, an expert on cat behavior.Cats can also recognize noises that show food or coming attention. They connect those sounds with a positive experience, so they learn to recognize the meanings.
A 2019 study found that cats react more to the sound of their own name than any other words. In the study, researchers would say four different words to the cats that were the same length and had the same accents (口音) as their own name. Delgado adds, “Over time, our pets do learn to connect their names with certain things like attention, or food. You can help your cats learn their names faster by not using lots of different nicknames (绰号), which might be confusing to your pets and they may not always realize that you are speaking to them. Keep sending a clear message.”
“You can train a cat to react to words the same way dogs do. You can teach them to site, sit,stay, high five, or go to their beds. In order to train your cat,” Delgado says, “you first need to know what motivates (激发) your cat, like a particular treat or a toy. Then start with something simple such as sitting. Over time, your cat makes the connections between their behavior, your response or the sound, and then the treat.”
1. Why do cats know the meanings of our words?| A．They can focus on positive results easily. |
| B．They can relate the sounds to the results. |
| C．They can pay attention to sounds around. |
| D．They can understand their owners quickly. |
| A．Speaking in a special accent. | B．Playing games with them often. |
| C．Calling the same name all the time. | D．Repeating their names with some food. |
| A．The reason for teaching your cat manners. |
| B．The differences between cats and dogs. |
| C．The purposes of motivating your cat. |
| D．The ways of training your cat. |
| A．A science report. | B．A travel journal. |
| C．A health magazine. | D．A personal diary. |
1. How does the woman look now?
| A．Tired. | B．Upset. | C．Excited. |
| A．Intelligent and pretty. | B．Popular and lovely. | C．Hard-working and smart. |
| A．Cloudy. | B．Sunny. | C．Rainy. |
| A．Borrow some books. |
| B．Study with the woman. |
| C．Return to the teaching building. |
9 . Marine life (海洋生物) in Florida Keys is negatively influenced by two forces: human activity and climate change. The former involves fishing, tourism and diving while the latter causes a large increase in intense hurricanes. Fortunately, when the researchers of Florida Museum of Natural History started looking for sea urchins (海胆) on the ocean floor off the coast of Florida Keys in the summer of 2020, they uncovered their population had relatively been stable since the 1960s.
The researchers visited 27 sites along a 20-mile stretch of coast near Florida Keys looking for tracks that reflected the presence of burrowing echinoids (穴居海胆类动物). “The findings that burrowing echinoids have been highly resilient (有适应力的) against climate change and environmental pollution over the last 60 years was a huge discovery for us.” said study co-author Tobias Grun.
Grun said, “However, we know little about their current distribution, population size, and health. The reason is not the lack of interest by the scientific community but lies in that fieldwork is very expensive.”
As the climate crisis progresses, it’s important to understand why some marine creatures are more resilient in bearing the impacts of a worsening environment than others. Grun said, “Evolution may be at play. Some marine animals are very opportunistic. They can tolerate a wide range of abiotic factors like pH, temperature, and salinity, to name a few.”
Grun added, “At this point, our data show that burrowing echinoids are more resilient than many other marine species and are doing comparatively well. That does not mean that we can push our luck and keep going the way we are right now. Our study provides some hope that these creatures are resilient, but much more work is needed to translate our findings into a larger scale. The reasons for their resilience are also widely unknown.”
1. Which has an effect on the marine life in Florida Keys?| A．Wildfire. | B．Pollution. | C．Fishing. | D．Flood. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Important. | C．Subjective. | D．Outdated |
| A．The goal. | B．The staff | C．The cost | D．The usage |
| A．It’s necessary to do further research. |
| B．It’s right to keep going the present way. |
| C．The reasons for sea urchins’ resilience are well known. |
| D．Fish are more resilient than other marine species. |
10 . The Chinese paddlefish (白鲟)-one of the world’s largest freshwater fish-has been announced extinct. Scientists say the paddlefish, also called the Chinese swordfish, is believed to have a lineage dating back at least 34 million years. With its long nose and mouth, the paddlefish could grow as long as seven meters.
But a research paper recently published in Science of the Total. Environment reported the paddlefish was now extinct. The researchers include scientists from the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Britain’s University of Kent and the University of South Bohemia in the Czech Republic.
The paper says the paddlefish was announced extinct for two reasons. It said that the fish was not able to survive because of widespread overfishing and damage to its native environment in the Yangtze River.
Researchers discovered 332 different species of fish in the Yangtze River in 2017 and 2018. But they did not find a single Chinese paddlefish They guessed the fish disappeared between 2005 and 2010. The extinction of the Chinese paddlefish was “a huge loss” to nature.
Pan Wenjing is a forest and ocean expert with Greenpeace East Asia. “The ecology of the Yangtze River is almost in ruins due to human activity in past decades” Pan said. She stressed that China had taken measures to improve the Yangtze’s environment, including a 10-year ban (禁令) on fishing.
After the extinction was reported in the news, some Chinese media and Internet users took a look back at the large creatures. Many people appeared to have not heard of the Chinese paddlefish before it was announced extinct.
“Every time I see the news of another species going extinct, heart starts to ache,” wrote one Weibo user. “Humans should not live alone on this planet,” the user added.
1. What do we know from Paragraph3?| A．Fishing in the Yangtze River. | B．Environment in the Yangtze River. |
| C．Researchers of the Chinese paddlefish. | D．The reasons for the Chinese paddlefish’s extinction. |
| A．No pain, no gain. | B．To protect animals is to protect humans. |
| C．Well begun is half done. | D．It’s never too late to mend. |
| A．Excited. | B．Sorry. | C．Shocked. | D．Curious. |
| A．Fishing is not allowed in the Yangtze River |
| B．Few people are familiar with the Chinese paddlefish |
| C．The Chinese paddlefish has been announced extinct |
| D．Damage to the environment has bad effects |
