1 . Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A new report by the World Bank shows that the effects of climate change could force 140 million people to move within their countries by 2050.

The report looked at three developing regions of the world-sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America.     1    .

Climate migrants are people who are forced to move within their country because of water scarcity, crop failure, rising sea levels and storm surges due to climate change.

    2    It is important to help people make good decisions about whether to stay where they are or move to new locations where they are less vulnerable.

The report noted that the effects of climate change will often force people to move from rural areas suffering from droughts or crop failures to cities where there are different opportunities.     3     “Without the right planning and support, people migrating from rural areas into cities could be facing new and even more dangerous risks,” said Kanta Jumari Rigaud, the report’s team lead. “    4    ” Rigaud added.

The report recommends key actions to help prevent wide-scale climate migration: cutting global greenhouse gas emissions; improving development planning at the local level for climate migration; and investing in data to better understand climate migration trends in each country. The report notes that any rise in climate migration will be in addition to millions of other migrants within countries, moving for economic, social, political or other reasons.

A．We would see increased tensions and conflict as a result of pressure on scarce resources.

B．The report shows that with proper efforts the number of climate migrants could be reduced dramatically, from 140 million to 40 million by 2050.

C．Some measures that could help helpless people adapt to climate change were on the agenda.

D．However, it noted that cities must take the time to plan for the possibility for a flood of people.

E．Countries that are becoming more restrictive on migration are those who are largely responsible for global warming.

F．It found that unless urgent action is taken, the regions will likely have to deal with tens of millions of so-called climate migrants.

2 .

A．The man doesn't believe what the woman says.

B．The weather report spoils the man's good mood.

C．They will cancel the hiking due to the bad weather.

D．The man thinks it unnecessary to give up the adventure.

3 . China and India Dominate the Greening of Earth

Over the last two decades, the Earth has seen an increase in foliage (植物) around the planet, measured in average leaf area per year on plants and trees. Data from NASA satellites shows that China and India -- two _______ economies with the world's biggest populations -- are _______ the increase in greening on land. The effect comes mostly from _______ tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.

Researchers from Boston University found that global green leaf area has increased by five percent since the early 2000s, an area _______ to the entire Amazon rainforest. The study was also published in the journal Nature Sustainability on February 11. It revealed that at least 25 percent of the global foliage _______ this century came in China.

"China and India _______ one-third of the greening, but contain only nine percent of the planet's land area covered in vegetation," said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. "That is a surprising finding, considering the general idea of land degradation(退化) in populous countries from _______."

China's _______ contribution to the global greening trend came in large part from programs to conserve and expand forests, accounting for about 42 percent of the greening contribution. These programs were developed in an effort to _______ the effects of air pollution, soil erosion and climate change.

Another 32 percent of the greening change in China, and 82 percent in India, resulted from intensive ________ of food crops. The land area used to grow crops in China and India has not changed much since the early 2000s. Yet both countries have greatly increased annual total green leaf area and food production in order to ________ large populations.

Rama Nemani, a research scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center, saw a(n) ________ message in the new findings. "Once people realize there is a problem, they tend to fix it," he said. "In the 1970s and 80s in India and China, the situation around vegetation loss was not good. In the 1990s, people realized it, and today things have improved. Humans are ________ resilient (复原快的，适应力强的). That's what we see in the satellite data."

________, the researchers rang bells as well. They pointed out that the gain in global greenness did not ________ make up for the loss of natural vegetation in tropical regions like Brazil and Indonesia.

1.

A．emerging

B．declining

C．stimulating

D．intruding

2.

A．imposing

B．contributing

C．leading

D．creating

3.

A．fertile

B．extreme

C．harmonious

D．ambitious

4.

A．distant

B．equivalent

C．relevant

D．resistant

5.

A．expansion

B．substitution

C．innovation

D．correction

6.

A．account for

B．take in

C．stand for

D．consist of

7.

A．over-reaction

B．over-exploitation

C．over-generation

D．over-explanation

8.

A．considerate

B．tremendous

C．magnificent

D．irregular

9.

A．forbid

B．investigate

C．boost

D．reduce

10.

A．cultivation

B．demand

C．destruction

D．supply

11.

A．cut

B．employ

C．feed

D．treat

12.

A．secret

B．brief

C．urgent

D．positive

13.

A．continuously

B．incredibly

C．initially

D．obviously

14.

A．Moreover

B．Meanwhile

C．However

D．Therefore

15.

A．necessarily

B．generally

C．fortunately

D．thoroughly

4 . Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Losing Touch with Nature May Make You Sick

For something that’s not actually a recognized medical condition, Nature-Deficit Disorder (NDD) has gotten a lot of attention since it was first coined in 2005. Writer Richard Louv came up with the term in his book, Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder.     1     Louv explained that children who play outside often are less likely to become ill, stressed, or aggressive compared to those who watch a lot of television and spend most of their free time indoors. Indeed, studies appear to back up that claim by noting that children who spend a significant amount of time outdoors tend to have better mental and physical health.     2     Nevertheless, they may be worsened by staying inside watching TV, playing video games, or being glued to a smartphone. What’s more, research also suggests that getting a nature fix can help boost the immune system.

According to Louv, the effects of NDD can be lessened or even reversed by making sure parents encourage their kids to enjoy playing outdoors as much as they can.     3     Rather, they should lead by example, spending time with them in the park, at the beach, camping, and doing other activities, Louv said. He added that children learn many important and practical skills while interacting with nature, like risk-taking, independence, and decision-making.     4    

A．However, mothers and fathers shouldn’t force their kids to go outside or use it as a type of punishment.

B．In turn, this aids in the development of confidence and overall good health.

C．Recent studies focus not so much on what is lost when nature experience fades, but on what is gained through more exposure to natural settings

D．He acknowledges that NDD is mostly a metaphor for a lifestyle lacking in contact with nature.

E．Schools that use outdoor classrooms and other forms of experiential education produce significant student gains in science, language and math.

F．Experts believe that problems such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (注意力缺乏多动症) can be relieved through contact with nature.

5 . Recycling

Recyclable items are waste materials that can be processed to make new products. The recycled materials go through an intense process of separating the materials and converting into reusable products. At Waste Control, we offer a suite of on-site and off-site recycling services to meet the needs of our residential and business customers.

ON-SITE RECYCLING SERVICES

At the Waste Control facility, we have Drop-off Recycling and Buy-back Recycling Centers. The drop-off recycling center is a free service and is located next to the Transfer Station Building entrance. The Buy-Back Recycling Center is located on the north end of the facility and is for customers wishing to be reimbursed(报销，偿还) for their recyclable materials at current market rates.

OFF-SITE RECYCLING SERVICES

We also offer many off-site recycling services to meet your needs. We maintain free drop-off recycling sites throughout the community for common recyclable materials and residential waste oil and antifreeze. We also offer off-site residential roadside recycling and business recycling services.

HOURS & DIRECTIONS

Waste Transfer Station, Drop-off Recycling Center, & Buy-back Recycling Center:

7:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. – 7 days a week

Business Office:

8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. – Monday through Friday

Holiday Hours:

The Business Office is closed on all major holidays (New Year’s Day, July 4th, Memorial Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas).

The Transfer Station is open for self-hauled waste, drop-off recycling, and buy-back recycling for limited hours during holidays. The facility is closed Christmas Day, New Year’s Day, and July 4th–if it falls on a weekend. The facility closes at 12 noon on Memorial Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and July 4th–if it falls on a weekday. The facility is open on all other holidays.

Waste collection and roadside recycling services are uninterrupted during holidays, except for Christmas Day and New Years Day. If Christmas Day or New Year’s Day fall on a weekday, there will be no pickup on the holiday and all garbage and recycling services will be moved one day forward from your regularly scheduled pickup for the remainder of the week. For example, if Christmas falls on a Wednesday, customers with regularly scheduled Wednesday service will be picked up on Thursday. Customers with regularly scheduled Thursday service will be picked up on Friday. Customers with regularly scheduled Friday service will be picked up on Saturday. Monday and Tuesday fall prior to the holiday and will be picked up as regularly scheduled.

1. If you wish to be paid back for the recyclable items, you should ________.

A．check the current market rates first

B．take them to the Waste Control facility

C．put them into the roadside recycling sites

D．separate them from waste oil and antifreeze

2. If Christmas Day falls on Tuesday, customers with regularly scheduled Tuesday service will be picked up on ________.

A．Tuesday

B．Wednesday

C．Thursday

D．Friday

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Off-site services are not offered to collect business recyclable materials.

B．Waste Transfer Station is open on July 4th morning if it falls on a weekend.

C．The drop-off recycling center is far away from the buy-back recycling center.

D．There is no need for residents to pay for dropping off recyclable materials.