1 . Marmoset monkeys exist on a branch of the evolutionary tree that is distinct from the one that led to mans. But they constantly astonish researchers with
A new study further
One possibility is that an individual practices
Anthropologists (人类学家) from the University of Zurich carefully documented how often, in groups and in conditions that found caregiver and baby separated from the crowd, an adult would share his or her cricket. When alone with a baby begging for a taste, adult marmosets shared their cricket 85% of the time. When in a group, caregivers offered up their cricket 67% of the time.” Our results show that helping in common marmosets is not driven by reputation management or
A.animal | B.careful | C.social | D.individual |
A.evolving | B.communicating | C.organizing | D.parenting |
A.shines | B.damages | C.affects | D.protests |
A.at play | B.in private | C.on schedule | D.by accident |
A.adequate | B.effective | C.continual | D.mutual |
A.creative | B.complex | C.specific | D.official |
A.generosity | B.wisdom | C.independence | D.governance |
A.promising | B.demonstrating | C.pretending | D.explaining |
A.count on | B.go after | C.appeal to | D.benefit from |
A.assumes | B.confirms | C.enhances | D.concludes |
A.regular | B.dominant | C.potential | D.previous |
A.atmosphere | B.audience | C.feedback | D.judge |
A.statistics | B.expectation | C.argument | D.opposite |
A.responsibility | B.punishment | C.arrangement | D.difficulty |
A.strongly | B.causally | C.delicately | D.fearlessly |
A.The Hawaii volcano eruption was destructive. |
B.What the man said is not currently relevant. |
C.The man should read newspapers of last year. |
D.The locals in Hawaii suffered a great deal. |
A. cause B. regulated C. complex D. exposing E. deliberately F. recorded G. locating H. particularly I. different J. efficiency K. caution |
Noise Pollution Rules Should Be Tightened
Road traffic, aircraft, ships, factories and oil drilling are all human activities that produce noise. The noise should be better
Studies have found noise pollution to be linked to poorer human health. But experts say it can also affect wildlife, from preventing their communication to affecting the
The studies were based on experiments in which
The team continued to
“Even if some animals benefitted, it did not mean noise should not be dealt with, since the majority would still experience negative effects”, said Kunc. But there was
Repair Café
When things around the house stop working, what do you usually do with them? If you're
This tendency has led to the modern nickname: the throwaway culture. There are many reasons for this trend. In some areas
In 2009, Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her solution was Repair Cafés: places where people can take damaged or
Postma's first Repair Café opened on Oct. 18, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge success. News of the café spread, and people began asking
Today, there are roughly 2,000 Repair Cafés around the world with meetings typically
Not only do the cafés provide help with repairs, they also strengthen community ties. Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved. Items are kept
5 . In the dim light of an early autumn evening, Alexander, a hunter: known as much for his solitude as for his skill, ventured into the untamed (原始的) heart of the jungle. Each step he took was measured and careful, a respect for the ancient wilderness where every breath was a story, and man was but a fleeting shadow.
For years, whispers of a tiger, not just any tiger but one whose fur caught the last rays of the sun, had reached Alexander. A creature so splendid and fearsome, it was said to be more myth than flesh. On this day, as the shadows lengthened and the jungle whispered its age-old secrets, Alexander sought not just the tiger, but a confrontation with the very essence of the wild itself. As dusk settled, painting the world in colors of gold and shadow, the boundary between predator and prey seemed to dissolve. The air was heavy with anticipation, the kind that precedes storms and stories.
Then, in a clearing where the jungle seemed to hold its breath, the tiger appeared. It was as if the sun had woven itself into the fabric of its being, its fur a blend of flame and night. For a moment, the world shrank to the space between the hunter named Alexander and the legend made flesh before him.
Their gazes locked, a silent understanding passing between man and beast. Here was Alexander, a man who had walked through shadows to stand in the light of a legend, and the tiger, an embodiment of the wild’s untouchable majesty. In that eternal moment, Alexander saw not a prey but a sovereign of nature, a being whose right to wander the dusk was as undeniable as the setting sun.
With a respect born of countless sunsets and the silent tales they told, Alexander slowly lowered his rifle (步枪). The act was not one of defeat but of profound respect-a recognition of the bond that ties every living thing to the pulse of the earth. The tiger, its gaze still locked with Alexander’s, seemed to acknowledge this unspoken pact. Then, it turned and melted into the shadows, leaving behind a trail of twilight.
Alexander left the jungle that night without a trophy (战利品), but his soul was alight with a tale of fire and twilight. He had sought a legend and found a truth far greater: in the wild’s heart, where shadows and light dance, there lies a respect so deep it transcends the hunt. This encounter, a dance with the untamed, would echo in Alexander’s heart long after the jungle’s whispers faded into the dawn.
1. What was Alexander’s primary reason for venturing into the jungle?A.To find a place to set up camp. |
B.To hunt a tiger rumored to have a fur like the setting sun. |
C.To escape from the challenges of modern life. |
D.To meet other hunters and share stories. |
A.He captures the tiger to prove its existence. |
B.He shoots the tiger to claim his trophy. |
C.He attempts to trap the tiger but fails |
D.He lowers his rifle, choosing not to shoot the tiger. |
A.complex language. | B.long sentences. |
C.straightforward storytelling. | D.supernatural focus. |
A.The thrill of the hunt is unparalleled. |
B.True courage is demonstrated through dominance over nature. |
C.There is a profound respect that exists between man and nature. |
D.Technology has distanced man from understanding the natural world. |
Ecotourism can put wild animals at risk
Ecotourism has become increasingly popular in recent years.
Now, scientists have analyzed more than 100 research studies on how ecotourism affects wild animals. They find the presence of humans changes the way animals behave, and those changes may put them at risk. Therefore, they concluded that such trips can be harmful to the animals.
When animals interact in seemingly kind ways with humans, they may let down their guard.
The presence of humans can also discourage natural predators. It creates a kind of safe place for smaller animals that may make them bolder. For example, in Grand Teton National Park, elk and pronghorns in areas with more tourists are less alert and spend more time eating.
Ecotourism has effects similar to those of animal domestication and urbanization. Research has shown that domesticated silver foxes become more obedient and less fearful. Fox squirrels and birds that live in urbanized areas are slower to flee from danger.
Scientists hope the new analysis will encourage more research into the interactions between people and wildlife. It is essential to develop further understanding of how various species in various situations respond to human interaction and under what conditions human exposure may place them at risk.
A.As animals learn to relax in the presence of humans, they may become bolder in other situations. |
B.This massive amount of ecotourism can be one of the drivers of rapid environmental change. |
C.The phenomena result from evolutionary changes, but also from regular interactions with humans. |
D.Do not import or release living animals or plants into the wild that could harm native species. |
E.In many cases it involves close interaction with wildlife. |
F.Interacting with people can cause great change in the characteristics of various species over time. |
High level of deforestation continues
We are all aware of the threats our planet is facing. Experts agree that it’s mainly us humans who are responsible for the destruction of the environment. One of the most destructive activities we are carrying out is cutting down forests - deforestation. This is done for many reasons, such as providing wood for fuel, making land available for housing or for crating space for more cattle to graze(吃草) on. This has been most noticeable in Brazil, which is home to the world’s largest rainforest. Deforestation there has hit its highest rate in a decade, according to official data. Over the course of a year, an area about five times the size of London has been destroyed.
The amount of deforestation in the Amazon and in other tropical(热带的) regions has actually seen a decline but the figures are still large. Global Forest Watch say that in 2018, an area equivalent to 30 football fields were cut down every minute. Frances Seymour from the World Resources Institute says that “If you look back over the last 18 years, it is clear that the overall trend is still upwards. We are nowhere near winning this battle.”
What’s special about places like the Amazon is that they are primary forests which exist in their original condition with some species of trees dating back thousands of years. This habitat is home to unique and rare animals and is critical for sustaining biodiversity(生物多样性). The BBC’s environment correspondent, Matt McGrath, says “These old forests really matter as stores of carbon dioxide, which is way the loss of 3.6 million hectares in 2018 is concerning.”
Brazil has taken some steps to try and decrease deforestation by introducing government policies including fines for breaking land use regulations and illegal logging. And International campaigns to stop the trade of soy and beef farmed on deforested parts of the Amazon have also had a significant impact.
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A.Different types of pollution. | B.Some effects of pollution. |
C.The prevention of noise pollution. | D.Noise is a kind of pollution. |
A.They can’t be heard all the time. |
B.They are not familiar to most people. |
C.They only exist in the remote countryside. |
D.They’ve become a part of our daily life. |
A.To find out all the sources of noise pollution. |
B.To become more sensible of our surroundings. |
C.To realize the importance of protecting ourselves from it. |
D.To change the way of making noise in our normal life. |
9 . Bees in a colony work with each other to gather food, and they try to find the most nectar (花蜜)in the least amount of time possible. A small number of bees work as searchers, but when a good flower patch (花丛) is found, how do they tell other bees where to find it?
Bees communicate flower location using special dances inside the hive, where bees live. One bee dances while the other bees watch. The dancing bee smells like the flower patch, and also gives the watching bees a taste of the nectar she has gathered. Smell and taste helps other bees find the correct flower patch. Bees use two different kinds of dances to communicate information: the waggle (摇摆) dance and the circle dance.
Waggle dance
The waggle dance tells the watching bees two things about a flower patch's location: the distance and the direction away from the hive.
A. Distance
The dancing bee waggles back and forth as she moves forward in a straight line, then circlesaround to repeat the dance. The length of the middle line, called the waggle run, shows roughly how far it is to the flower patch.
B. Direction
Bees know which way is up and which way is down inside their hive, and they use this to show direction. How? Bees dance with the waggle run at a specific angle away from straight up. Outside the hive, bees look at the position of the sun, and fly at the same angle away from the sun.
Circle dance
The circle dance tells the watching bees only one thing about the flower patch’s location: that it is somewhere close to the hive.
In this dance, the bee walks in a circle, turns around, then walks the same circle in the opposite direction. Sometimes, the bee includes a little waggle as she’s turning around. The duration of this waggle is thought to indicate the quality of the flower patch.
1. Why does the searcher give the watching bees a taste of the nectar?A.To inform them of the distance of the flower. |
B.To celebrate her success of finding the nectar. |
C.To motivate them to collect the nectar. |
D.To ensure the bees find the right patch. |
A.The searcher’s waggle means little during the circle dance. |
B.The waggle dance indicates the direction of the flower patch. |
C.The waggle dance shows precisely how far the flower patch is. |
D.The quality of the flower patch is not shown in the circle dance. |
A. | B. | C. | D. |
10 . The Australian environment department has not finalised a single recovery plan for threatened species in nearly 18 months. The last time the department completed a recovery plan was in June last year. And the department says it has no time frame for addressing the other requests for recovery plans, which include the critically endangered animal Leadbeater’s possum (澳洲负鼠).
Recovery plans are documents that outline key facts about endangered animals and plants, threats to their survival, and what should be done to prevent their extinction. Under national laws, it is the environment minister who decides whether a species requires a recovery plan. Once a plan is adopted, the minister cannot make any changes that might harm the plan. It has been previously reported that less than 40% of the listed threatened species have a recovery plan. A further 10% have been identified as requiring a recovery plan but those plans haven’t been developed.
The Australian Conservation Foundation said the exposure was “shocking” and accused the department of prioritizing the economic development over environmental protection. “The fact that iconic (最具代表性的) species like the possum still don’t have a recovery plan highlights how broken the system is,” James Trezise, a policy analyst at the Foundation, said. “It is a critical issue that the development and implementation of these plans seem to be optional. These plans should be developed, as required by law, and their implementation should be funded.”
Trezise said the significant delay in developing the plans stood “in sharp contrast” to the government’s rush to carry out environmental assessments for major projects like the one for the mining company Rio Tinto. “The department’s priorities are all wrong,” he said. “They can bring bills before the congress for mining projects that harm the environment, but they can’t get just one recovery plan for a threatened species completed.”
He said the delays would push more species closer to extinction. He called on the government to urgently address the issue and commit more resources to recovery planning. But for now, officials could not tell when the delays would be addressed, saying it would “take a very long time”. Emma Campbell, a senior official, said the department was working with an independent scientific committee to “reevaluate” which species should have a recovery plan.
1. The underlined phrase “the exposure” (Line 1, Para 3) refers to ______________.A.the coming extinction of many endangered animals |
B.the lack of funding for the implementation of the plan |
C.the denial of the critical situtaion facing some species |
D.the government’s delay in developing recovery plans |
A.They can be changed as the environment minister likes. |
B.They can help prevent endangered animals from going extinct. |
C.They document how endangered animals interact with humans. |
D.They cover more than half of the threatened species. |
A.The government has not done enough about the recovery plans. |
B.The endangered animal possum will be extinct in 18 months. |
C.The government prioritizes Rio Tinto over mining projects. |
D.The independent committee is vital to addressing the issue. |
A.Environment department accepting bribes |
B.Endangered animal protection with no funding |
C.Threatened species at risk with no recovery plans |
D.Government forming tense relationship with the public |