1 . Lynda Doughty, a marine biologist, developed a passion for marine wildlife during her childhood. Growing up along the coast of Maine, she witnessed the impact of human activity on marine mammals and she made it her life’s work to protect them. “I feel this intense responsibility to help these animals,” Lynda said. “And, really, this is what I was put on this Earth to do.”

Harbor seals are among the most common mammals found along the East Coast, and they face various threats to their well-being, including fishing net s and illegal feeding, chemical pollutants, as well as boat and propeller (螺旋桨) injuries.

Earlier in her career, she worked for a marine mammal emergency response organization that eventually closed due to lack of funding. To fill the gap left by the group, Lynda started her own non-profit organization — Marine Mammals of Maine in 2011. It has since provided response and medical care for more than 3,000 marine mammals.

Lynda’s team operates a 24-hour hotline that responds to calls regarding marine mammals in danger. Their permit allows them to respond to mammals stranded (搁浅) within 2,500 miles of the coastline, and her team only offers help if the mammal is in critical condition. Critically ill mammals are transported to Lynda’s center and nursed back to health. Seals typically require three or more months of professional care treatment before they are released back into the ocean.

In addition to mammal rescues, Marine Mammals of Maine conducts important research to learn about marine mammal habitats and human impacts. Marine mammals can give us clues about the ocean’s health, which ultimately affects human well-being as well. The organization also helps promote marine conservation among youth and the local community. In addition, they instruct the public on what to do, and what not to do, when encountering wild species like harbor seals.

1. What do Lynda’s words mean?

A．She was born along the coast of Maine.

B．She ignored the impact of human activity.

C．She did her work with a sense of mission.

D．She protected marine wildlife at a young age.

2. Why did Lynda set up Marine Mammals of Maine in 2011?

A．To earn more money.

B．To replace the group.

C．To make the group a non-profit organization.

D．To restart marine mammal emergency response.

3. What can we learn about Lynda’s team from paragraph 4?

A．It only treats critically ill seals.

B．It rescues marine mammals in danger.

C．It protects all endangered marine mammals.

D．It stops people from fishing marine mammals.

4. What’s the purpose of paragraph 5?

A．To state younger generations need to be instructed.

B．To stress the severe situations that marine life faces.

C．To mention other social contributions of Lynda’s team.

D．To show humans have a great impact on marine mammals.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Summer Palace is China’s largest garden ever built. Covering     1     area of 2.9 square kilometers, three quarters of which is covered with water, the palace is made up     2    over 3,000 ancient structures.All the Summer Palace     3    (spread) across the low hills and lakes among which the Longevity Hill, and the Kunming Lake are the most important     4     (part). Travelers visiting the site today have the opportunity     5     (wander)in the wonderful buildings and courtyards beside the lake and along the waterways.

When    6     (visit) the Summer Palace, visitors should plan between two hours to half a day because the site is really huge. Indeed, there are many things to see     7     you will feel time flying quickly, realizing how life was spent     8    (smooth)for emperors during their summers,for example,riding a little boat for seeing the lake areas, or watching a       9    (tradition) Chinese dance performance at the Palace’s Theatre. The Summer Palace is the place     10     travelers experience different activities and the loveliest scenic spot in Beijing city.

3 . Last weekend, my husband and I drove a dog to her new home. Typically, when we have a new dog in the backseat, it’s a young dog. But this passenger was a much different story. Magdalen is a 13-year old dog. Her owner gave her up temporarily when he was sick, but when he fully recovered several months later, he said he didn’t want her back. He had her since she was young but now had no place for her.

The family who had given her a temporary home had children and other dogs and was unable to give her a forever home. When Speak St, Louis, the rescue team I work with, was contacted about the dog, they offered to take her in. She went to a vet (兽医) for a basic health check. But the vet didn’t have great news. Her mouth was swollen (肿胀的) with all sorts of problems. Two teeth fell out during cleaning and eleven more had to be pulled out.

Luckily, a good friend of mine, a dog trainer with a soft heart for seniors, had agreed to adopt Magdalen. On the trip to the trainer’s home, the sweet senior looked so relaxed in our backseat. I felt a great sense of relief and pleasure.

Her owner needed some temporary help when he was sick. But I can’t imagine why he wouldn’t have wanted her back. I think of my own dog and dogs we lost to old age in the past. We’re family and we stay that way forever. She’d be able to live a good life. I hoped, in her new home!

1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The former owners of the dog.

B．Where the dog was treated.

C．What the dog needed most.

D．The problems the dog met.

2. What is the author’s job?

A．Training old dogs.

B．Treating sick dogs.

C．Looking for homes for dogs.

D．Looking for lost dogs’ owners.

3. How did the author feel on her way to her friend’s home?

A．Relieved and happy.	B．Nervous and grateful.
C．Surprised and curious.	D．Hopeful and proud.

4. What does the author think of Magdalen’s owner giving her up?

A．She didn’t understand his behaviour.

B．She believed it was painful for him.

C．She was certain he would regret.

D．She thought he made a wise decision.

4 . Many of us think of sharks as powerful, mysterious, and lonely as they move through the deep. And nowonder the fish have long been portrayed in popular media as lone predators, appearing out of nowhere to attack. But that image has come under inspection in recent years, as shark researchers around the world have discovered the fish gathering in large numbers and interacting with others of their own species in ways that are obviously friendly.

Yannis Papastamatiou, a marine scientist at Florida International University, and his team used acoustic transmitters to record the interactions over four years of about 40 reef sharks around Hawaii. Their study found that reef sharks return to the same communities year after year, forming clear preferences for sharks with some friendships that endured throughout the study. In his 2016 study, he found that individual sharks tagged with recording devices had thousands of interactions with their peers, with some pairs spending up to four straight days together. The study also found certain sharks were unmistakably companions. “These weren’t random associations,” he says.

Finding out why sharks socialize — and how much of their behavior is cooperative — is a challenge, but there are some clues, such as food availability and warmer waters. Great white sharks, are showing up in record numbers along southern California beaches as the population has doubled since 1994. While great white sharks typically maintain distances of about 30 feet from each other and don’t seem too close, they are clearly drawn together by a preference for the area. In some cases, there may not be an obvious purpose for shark’s friendship. At the Bimini Shark Lab, Smukall and his colleagues found that young lemon sharks sought out companionship of other sharks for no clear reason. There’s growing evidence that lemon sharks have their own personalities, which may influence whether they spend time with other sharks, he adds.

More would be known about the intimate lives of sharks if the field weren’t so new, due in part to a lack of funding and sharks’ negative reputation. “We’ve only had about 20 years to really start studying sharks,” says Smukall.

1. Why do the reef sharks return to the same groups every year?

A．To move to other places together.	B．To find a better place to lay eggs.
C．To change the food chain of the sea.	D．To search for the company of other fish.

2. Which of the following is NOT the reason why sharks socialize?

A．Global Warming.	B．Preference for an area.
C．Sharks’ personalities.	D．Food availability.

3. What can be found according to Yannis’s 2016 study?

A．Sharks usually spend four days with their peers.

B．The relationship between some sharks is steady.

C．All the sharks were attached to recording devices.

D．Sharks have thousands of interactions every day.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Sharks always have a bad reputation.

B．Scientist will begin studying sharks in 20 years.

C．There will be a long way to go before knowing sharks completely.

D．It is unnecessary to put money into the research of the sharks.

6 . Asteroids (小行星) are believed to have formed early in our solar system’s history — about 4.5 billion years ago — when a cloud of gas and dust called the solar nebula (太阳星云) collapsed and formed our sun and the planets. By visiting these near Earth objects to study the material that came from the solar nebula, we can look for answers to some of humankind’s most arresting questions, such as:   How did the solar system form and where did the Earth’s water and other organic materials such as carbon come from? In addition to unlocking clues about our solar system, asteroids may provide clues about our Earth. By understanding more about asteroids, we may learn more about past Earth impacts and possibly find ways to reduce the threat of future impacts.

If we don’t want to go the way of the dinosaurs someday, we need to protect ourselves against the threat of being hit by a big asteroid. According to NASA, typically about once every 10,000 years, a rock y or iron asteroid the size of a football field could crash into our planet and possibly cause tidal waves big enough to flood coastal areas.

But what we really have to fear is asteroids about 328 feet across or bigger. Such an impact would cause a firestorm and fill the atmosphere with sun-blocking dust, which would wipe out forests and farm fields and starve the human and animal life that it didn’t immediately kill.

That’s why it’s vital to develop a way to neutralize such a threat to Earth. NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test, launched in late November 2021, was the first mission to demonstrate a technology called asteroid redirection by manmade impactor. A robotic spacecraft will be crashed into an asteroid named Didymos, in an effort to show that it’s possible to slightly change the path of an asteroid. That would enable NASA to redirect potential threats to miss Earth.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A．How solar system came into being.

B．How long asteroids have existed.

C．Why asteroids are to be explored.

D．When asteroids will impact Earth.

2. Why does the author mention dinosaurs in paragraph 2?

A．To make the text more interesting.

B．To introduce the topic of the text.

C．To grab readers’ attention to asteroids.

D．To show the disaster from an asteroid impact.

3. Which can best replace “neutralize” underlined in paragraph 4?

A．strengthen

B．avoid

C．beautify

D．realize

4. What can we know about asteroids?

A．Dinosaurs may live on some of them.

B．They were formed earlier than Earth.

C．Exploring them helps us know Earth.

D．NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test failed.

7 . People have long known that dogs have a great sense of smell. But scientists weren’t sure whether stressed people had a special smell. And if they did, they weren’t sure whether dogs could detect that smell.

All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals. They come out in our breath and sweat, slightly changing the way we smell. But it wasn’t known if stress could cause changes that could be detected. So researchers at Queen’s University Belfast, led by scientist Clara Wilson, collected breath and sweat samples(样品) from 36 different people. They got samples when the people were calm and when they were stressed.

The calm part was easy. They asked people to report their stress level, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. The people were asked to wipe their skin with a clean piece of cloth. Then they had to put the cloth sample in a tube(管子), breathe on it hard three times, and seal the tube.

Then the scientists asked a really difficult math problem, and forced people to do it in their heads quickly. They kept telling the people to hurry up, and didn’t give them any help. That lasted for three minutes. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples. They also asked the people about their level of stress, and measured their heart rates and blood pressure. Most people said they felt very stressed. On average, the heart rate increased from about 91 beats per minute to about 105 beats per minute.

The scientists used one of the stressed samples, along with two clean pieces of cloth, to train the dogs to find the stressed smell. Then came the challenge: the dogs had three choices: a sample from a calm person, a stressed sample from that same person, and a clean piece of cloth. In all, the dogs did 720 of these tests. They correctly identified the stressed sample about 94% of the time.

The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can detect. Ms. Wilson says the news could be especially useful in training service dogs, since their job is to help relieve stress.

1. What conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2?

A．One’s body smell almost stays the same.

B．Our breath and sweat contain chemicals.

C．Stress plays a big role in one’s body smell.

D．Our bodies produce chemicals only when we’re awake.

2. What was the purpose of the scientists’ behaviors during the three minutes?

A．To stress people out.	B．To hold people back.
C．To cheer people up.	D．To keep people interested.

3. The figures in paragraph 5 are mainly used to show_________

A．the difficulty of the challenge

B．the complexity of the experiment

C．the dogs finished the challenge quite well

D．the experiment needed to be improved

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Dogs Prove to Have a Great Sense of Smell

B．It Turns Out That Stress Does Have a Smell

C．Scientists Learn That Dogs Can Smell Stress

D．Research Shows That Dogs Can Be Stress Relievers

9 . Depths of our Earth hold great wonders. Below we explore four deepest places on Earth.

Veryovkina Cave, Georgia

Its entrance is located 2,285 meters above sea level. In 2018, scientists reached its bottom at 2,212 meters down. They squeezed through tiny openings to get from one cave to another. Rockfalls and floods waited secretly at every turn. Scientists could develop new medicines from microorganisms found in cave samples. Caves also record ancient life and past climates.

The Mariana Trench, the Pacific Ocean

The Mariana Trench, with the maximum depth of 11,034 meters, is the deepest part of Earth’s surface. Pressure there is intolerable, but creatures like sea cucumbers (海参) still exist. Scientists exploring it can gain deeper insights into how plates move and why earthquakes and volcanoes occur.

The Dead Sea, the Middle East

The Dead Sea is the lowest point on land at about 1,400 feet (about 400 meters) below sea level. It’s nearly ten times saltier than ocean water, so you literally can’t sink in the Dead Sea! Scientists think it could go dry in a few decades. Despite its name, the Dead Sea holds life. A few kinds of algae (藻类) and bacteria love its salty water.

Lake Baikal, Russia

At the depth of 1,642 meters, Lake Baikal is the deepest inland body of water. The Baikal seal is the only known seal that lives in this world’s deepest freshwater lake. Scientists study the lake not only for the solid stuff beneath it that records climate history but because it’s in a zone where a plate is splitting apart, causing earthquakes.

1. What do we know about Veryovkina Cave?

A．It was discovered in 2018.	B．Its pressure is far from bearable.
C．It is risky to explore.	D．Its samples are of little practical value.

2. Where should scientists go to better know earth movement?

A．Georgia & Russia.	B．Russia & the Pacific Ocean.
C．Georgia & the Pacific Ocean.	D．The Middle East & Russia.

3. What do the four places have in common?

A．They have some sign of life.	B．They are over a thousand meters deep.
C．They are results of climate change.	D．They are all below sea level.

10 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When I was admitted to the University of Alabama, I decided to get a puppy. So I adopted an adorable Golden Retriever(金毛猎犬) puppy against my parents’ wishes.

Soon, I realized my parents were right. The dog was so naughty that it caused me a lot of trouble every day. In fact, she soon earned the nickname(绰号) Bella the Devil at school.

However, as time went by, she taught me how to be a better dog mom, and I taught her how to be a better dog. We became best friends and did everything together. Bella was there for me all the time: parties, restaurants, games, even dates! We loved spending time together. By the time I was a senior, Bella and I developed a stronger relationship. She was truly my best friend.

In the third year, I worked at the local college l bar not far from the house. One night, I was running late. Bella and I had been with friends down the street when I realized it was already 9:00 p.m. We had to rush home so I could make it to work by 9:30. I ran through the front door and jumped to the bathroom to have a shower. Bella followed me into the bathroom and lay in her usual place on the bathroom floor. Then I heard my front door open. It was so loud that I thought it was strange. It couldn’t be my roommate for she had flown to New York. I turned off the shower and yelled her name. No answer.

注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Instantly(立刻), I knew something was seriously wrong.

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Then I went outside to find Bella with the policemen.

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