1 . In the past months, humans have become quite familiar with the term “social distancing”. But it turns out that we are not the only ones to avoid contacting our peers when our health may be at risk: Research suggests honeybees do it, too. “It’s exciting to see that other animals are doing something analogous”, said Dr. Alessandro Cini, co-author of the research at University College London.

Scientists have found that when a hive( 蜂箱)of honeybees is under threat from the mite (螨虫)called Varroa destructor, which can cause the collapse of honeybee colonies, the bees will respond by changing the way they interact with one another.

By examining videos recorded inside the hives, the researchers found that when hives had mites, foraging(觅食的)bees performed important dances to indicate the direction of food sources and kept themselves away from the centre of the colony where young bees and the queen stayed. This may help to keep the infection at a level that can be controlled, limiting the amount of damage. “Foragers are one of the main entrance routes for the mites,“ said Cini.

The team then carried out experiments in the laboratory, artificially infecting small groups of about 12 young bees with the mites and comparing them to uninfected groups. This time the team found no increase in social distancing among infected groups-which, says Cini, may reflect that it is more important for foragers and young bees to keep their distance when the mites are present and that bees rely on one another.

“Probably social distancing is too costly on a small scale,” he said. But there were differences in grooming(梳理)behaviour: Infected bees were groomed more, inspected more, and had food shared with them more than individuals in uninfected groups.

Cini said the study showed the power of natural selection in the evolution of social behavior and also dynamic change in the social behaviour to adapt to an ever-changing environment.

1. What does the underlined word “analogous” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A．Similar.	B．Adventurous.
C．Meaningful.	D．Creative.

2. Why did foraging bees keep away from the center of the colony?

A．To quickly locate the food.	B．To show respect for the queen.
C．To minimize the potential risk.	D．To shorten the entrance route.

3. When do honeybees keep social distancing?

A．When mites appear among them.	B．When they’re artificially infected.
C．When they depend on each other.	D．When they’re compared with others.

4. What does the text mainly talk about?

A．Honeybees are able to communicate.	B．Honeybees proved to be more social.
C．Honeybees also have strict social rules.	D．Honeybees also use social distancing.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

World Environment Day (WED)is held on June 5th every year. It isn’t a public holiday, but it is    1    environmental awareness day, run by the United Nations. It is sometimes also unofficially called Eco Day or Environment Day. The aim of the Day is     2    (raise) awareness of the environment and specific environmental issues.

World Environment Day    3    (found) in 1972 but first held in 1974,     4    shows that the concern about the environment goes back several decades at least. More than 150countries take part in WED,   and the day focuses    5    environmental concerns ranging from pollution to    6    ( globe) warming and sustainable food production to protection of wildlife.

Participants of WED include governments, communities,     7    (individual), charities, organizations and celebrities and together they raise awareness of environmental issues. Each year a country or Nation hosts WED    8    (annual), and this year Colombia is the host, which has put together a wide-ranging series of events featuring biodiversity issues from across the globe. This year the theme is “Time for Nature ”. WED has had    9    (it) own song since 2013.

WED can be celebrated in many ways, such as concerts, conventions and parades, tree planting, and lectures. Promotional materials for the day tend to be created wonderfully    10    (use)natural environmental colours.

3 . In the long history of pipe-assisted drinking—beginning with the gold beer-sipping tubes of the Sumerians —Starbucks’s plastic straws(吸管)knew they had some advantages over the rest. Their tight white wrapping carried not only English words but a French style. They stood straight and tall as a stalk (秆)of wheat, with no ugly appearance. And their colour was beautiful. It was darker than the leaves of spring, and lighter than the Washington forests and the logo of the company. But despite all that, they were to disappear by 2020, for not being green enough.

Of course, the straws played an important part in daily life. You could build a cottage with them, or make a hat. At best, they might compose a mat. Their nearest relatives were not delicate grasses, but single-use plastic tubes.

Yet this did not concern them, because they had a higher calling:to refresh human beings.Rather than pumping up the customer with hot highly-effective Americanos, they cooled him with less caffeine and more play. People, especially teenagers and children, needed them to socialize, and amuse themselves. All these folk could have drunk their Frappuccino or their iced teas directly from the plastic cup, of course. Some did, ignoring the eager straws standing ready.

Fun was why green straws had been put into use at all. They began their service not when Starbucks was founded, in 1971, but when it introduced the Frappuccino almost three decades later. Green straws marched in, along with whipped cream. They meant happiness. Yet for each of those straws, the Frappuccino and its followers faced a serious challenging. Through the flat plastic lids of iced coffees, now sharply scored with a cross, they were expected to do the same.

However, the straws were thrown to the bin, either in-store or in the street after being used. They lay where they were thrown in woods, or fields, or among the hills. They would never be dust. They had eternal(永久的)life. That’s the reason why they would disappear.

1. Why would Starbucks’s plastic straws disappear?

A．They were not environmentally friendly.

B．They were not widely used in everyday life.

C．They took on an ugly look in appearance.

D．They were uncomfortable for followers to use.

2. What effect did straws have on people?

A．Calming.

B．Uplifting.

C．Disturbing.

D．Depressing.

3. What does the underlined word “Some” refer to in paragraph 3?

A．Humans.

B．Straws.

C．Iced teas.

D．Plastic tubes.

4. What is the best title for the passage?

A．Why Are the Green Straws So Popular?

B．Protecting the Environment İs Our Duty

C．Don’t Drink Iced Frappuccino Any More

D．Say Goodbye to Starbucks’s Green Straws

4 . When much of the world shut down due to the COVID-19, a family of four decided to bring home a group of backyard chickens. The ________ was to allow the little chicks to grow into full-grown chickens that could ________ the family with fresh eggs. They didn’t expect the friendship that would ________ between these chicks and their nine-year-old daughter, Sophie.

She fell in love with the baby chicks the very moment they came home. Sophie ________much of her time hugging them, reading to them, and ________ them their own cardboard houses. She was even ________ when her parents wouldn’t allow the chickens to sleep in her bed with her.

The six chicks served as a ________ during a time of isolation (隔离期间). As the world began to return to normal and the chicks grew into full-grown chickens, the friendship ________ to grow. Sometimes, even without her parents’ permission, Sophie liked to ________ bring a chicken with her, including to a camping trip.

Sophie managed to enjoy the outdoors with the chickens, including ________ a chicken on the handlebars of her bicycle as she rode around the neighborhood. For Halloween, Sophie even ________ as a giant chicken and brought chickens along for trick or treat. The ________ between Sophie and these chickens was unbreakable.

“Her chickens are teaching her about ________,” said her mom. “In a few months, ________ these chickens have taught us to relax and find joy where we can. They’ve brought us comfort during uncertain times and changed our lives. I am ________.”

1.

A．reality

B．intention

C．routine

D．permission

2.

A．provide

B．occupy

C．connect

D．impress

3.

A．break

B．form

C．switch

D．recover

4.

A．wasted

B．lost

C．produced

D．spent

5.

A．holding

B．delivering

C．making

D．sharing

6.

A．amazed

B．upset

C．curious

D．embarrassed

7.

A．joy

B．barrier

C．schedule

D．fashion

8.

A．returned

B．failed

C．hesitated

D．continued

9.

A．secretly

B．conveniently

C．safely

D．normally

10.

A．selling

B．raising

C．resting

D．shooting

11.

A．dressed up

B．showed off

C．carried on

D．checked out

12.

A．dream

B．identity

C．relationship

D．thought

13.

A．honesty

B．love

C．challenge

D．success

14.

A．suddenly

B．immediately

C．merely

D．eventually

15.

A．confident

B．responsible

C．grateful

D．reliable

5 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Mogao Caves were added to the list in December 1987.     1     (locate) in the southeast of Gansu province, the Mogao caves are also known as the Thousand-Buddha Caves.

According to historical records, the carving of the caves     2     (start) in 366 AD and continued for about 1, 000 years. The 492 well-preserved cells and cave sanctuaries (保护区) in Mogao,     3     about 45, 000 square metres of wall paintings and more than 2, 000 painted sculptures are housed, are well-known     4     their statues and wall paintings.

Painted clay sculptures and wall paintings in the Mogao Grottoes have     5       (main) Buddhist themes, but they also include human figures,     6     (reflect) various societies and cultures of different times. Besides, they also show     7     (paint) styles of combination (结合) Of Chinese and Western arts.

In 1900, a total of 4, 500 valuable cultural relics dating from 256 AD to 1002     8       (find) in the Buddhist Sutra Cave. This is regarded as one of the world’s greatest Oriental cultural     9     (discovery).

It is important     10     Mogao Caves offers invaluable reference for studying the complex history of ancient China and Central Asia.

6 . Solar power is now the cheapest source of electricity in history, according to a 2020 report. But there’s something holding this clean energy powerhouse back: Space. Unlike fossil fuel power stations, solar farms need a lot of room. While conventional solar farms sometimes attract controversy due to the amount of land they use, floating solar farms occupy much less valuable space above bodies of water.

“As demand for land increases, water bodies are increasingly being targeted for renewable energy. Deployment of solar on water increases electricity production.” said Giles Exley, PhD researcher and lead author from Lancaster University. The research team set about computer modelling using the My Lake simulation programme and data collected by the UK’s Centre for Ecology and Hydrology from England’s largest lake, Windermere.

Their results show that floating solar arrays can cool water temperatures by shading the water from the sun. At scale, this could help to mitigate against harmful effects caused by global warming. However, some complex conditions can result in the bottom layer of water becoming deoxygenated and makes water quality worse- if floating solar farms are stationed.

“Floating solar could help to reduce the negative effects of global warming which will influence on these bodies of water,” Exley said. “However, there are also real risks of disadvantageous impacts, such as deoxygenation causing undesirable increases in nutrient concentrations and killing fish. We need to do more researches to understand the possibility of both positive and negative impacts.”

The larger the solar installation the greater the effect on water temperature increases. Further studies will be needed to determine the suitable size array and design and their effects for individual lakes and artificial lakes.

1. What do we know about floating solar in the first paragraph?

A．The electricity of floating solar is cheaper than the solar power’s.

B．Fossil fuel power stations take larger room than the solar farms.

C．Floating solar has aroused greatly controversy around the public.

D．Floating solar farms could save more space efficiently.

2. What does the underlined phrase “mitigate against” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Increase.

B．Decrease.

C．Support.

D．Promote.

3. What can we infer from the research of Giles Exley?

A．There is no negative effects to develop floating solar.

B．The research team collect the information from computer.

C．The water temperatures under the floating solar arrays are lower.

D．Floating solar can get rid of the drawbacks of global warming.

4. What is the research team going to do next?

A．To install more floating solar.	B．To do more researches.
C．To design different floating solar.	D．To measure the size of the floating solar.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many Chinese have learned the classic tale of The Foolish Old Man Removes the Mountains back in elementary school. In the story,     1     80-year-old man attempts to move two mountains standing     2     his way by himself. Failing to make much headway, he decides the job would fall on his children after him. But his perseverance impresses the gods who grant his wish.

One of the     3    (mountain) is Wangwu, located in Jiyuan, Henan Province. Wangwu Mountain, named a UNESCO world geological park in 2006,     4    (cover) an area of 270 square kilometres, with the peak at 1,715 metres, and has many Taoist temples.

“The Yugong (name of the man in the fable) spirit is     5     visitors look forward to here,” says Gu Luyu, a local tour guide. “People dressed in Red Army uniforms     6     (see) moving around earlier this month. They are from government offices and companies,” Gu says.

It takes about two hours to hike up to the peak from the foot. The peak is covered in mist in the mornings, especially on colder days. The cliffs and views below are magnificent,     7     (especial) when the mist clears. Visitors can also see monkeys near a temple at the mountaintop. They aren’t bothered by the     8     (present) of people.

“We will build a street     9     (feature) local folk culture,” Gu says of an ongoing construction project at the foothill of the mountain. The project includes setting up food and     10     (tradition) Chinese medicine stores along the street once completed.