1 . Do you remember that story about the little girl who goes to visit her grandmother and meets a big, bad wolf along the way? Or perhaps you remember the story of the three little pigs who build three houses to protect themselves from a wolf?
The reality behind the fairy tales is that people feared wolves. Hunting and killing originating from hatred almost caused the animals to go extinct. Wolves needed a fairy mother —and that is what Brookfield Zoo in Chicago is for wolves and their puppies.
Being a fairy mother to wolves is not easy. Brookfield Zoo replaced iron-barred cubicles with safe habitats, which are not merely appealing to the zoo visitor, but more importantly, are contributing to the normal behavior and reproduction of the animals. The wolves have a large area to run and play in, places to hide and sleep in, and hills to climb with lots of grass and trees around them.
A fairy mother’s job is to make dreams magically come true and part of the magic is being invisible. The people who take care of the wolves hide themselves and the food and toys in places where the wolves can dig them up and find them on their own, so they feel more like they are living in nature.
Fairy tales are just stories. Wolves don’t dress up as grandmothers, nor have they blown a house down. Wolves aren’t scary at all, and in fact, they are more afraid of humans than we are of them.
The wolves have a great life at Brookfield Zoo. Maybe they will stay at Brookfield Zoo, but it would be nice to see them live back in nature again, too. If we all work together, maybe we can make this fairy tale come true for the wolves.
1. What are the two stories used to show?| A．Wolves are dangerous to humans. | B．People’s false impression of wolves. |
| C．The important role of Brook field Zoo. | D．Wolves are a popular subject of literature. |
| A．Visitor-interactive. | B．Mountainous. | C．Remote. | D．Natural-looking. |
| A．They are wolf researchers. | B．They are welcomed by the wolves. |
| C．They play hide-and-seek with the wolves. | D．They keep themselves out of the wolves’ sight. |
| A．Living in the wild. | B．Being taken good care of. |
| C．Staying at Brookfield Zoo. | D．Being afraid of humans no more. |
| A．What fairy tales tell us. | B．Where wolves can be safe. |
| C．How we can protect ourselves. | D．Whether we should be friends with wolves. |
（1）介绍垃圾污染的现状；
（2）提出减少垃圾污染的建议（不少于两点）；
（3）谈谈你对减少垃圾污染的看法。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How can we reduce garbage pollution
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题。
2.骑自行车的益处，如能环保有利健康等。
参考词汇：低碳生活（low-carbon life） 节能 (energy saving)
注意：1.词数：100词左右；
2.演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all! Thank you for your listening!
4 . The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secrets there. Scuba diving is a new sport today. It can take you into a wonderful undersea world.
You will find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus. Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp teeth. During the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and green. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. However, you can’t dive too deep. And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water. The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. It’s cold, and it’s dark, too. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is. At about 3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Many fishes have no eyes. Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side.
Besides the cold and the darkness, deep-sea animals face a third danger ― other animals. Animals eat! They must find food to eat. Many animals eat plants. However, some animals eat meat. This means these sea animals have two big jobs. They need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other animals’ meal.
1. Why do people want to dive in the sea?| A．Because they want to catch fish. |
| B．Because they want to find the secrets of the undersea world. |
| C．Because the sea is deep. |
| D．Because there are all kinds of plants in the sea. |
| A．can’t see anything bright |
| B．can’t be in danger |
| C．can catch nothing |
| D．can see everything is green and blue |
| A．One. |
| B．Two. |
| C．Three. |
| D．Four. |
| A．stay in deep water for a long time |
| B．dive very, very deep |
| C．live in deep water safely |
| D．dive freely without any dangers |
| A．One animal finds something to eat, and it may be eaten by others. |
| B．Animals in the sea must find food to eat. Many eat plants. However, some eat meat. |
| C．The deeper the sea is, the darker and colder it is. |
| D．At the depth of 3, 000 feet under the sea, all animals can find their way by seeing. |
1. 严峻形势：每天产生大量垃圾，已成为令每个城市头疼的问题
2. 垃圾分类的意义：减少垃圾量和垃圾对环境的污染；回收资源，有利于环境保护。
3. 呼吁：政府应采取有效措施，在公共场所放置不同垃圾箱供市民投放不同的垃圾。
市民应落实垃圾分类，保护生活环境。
注意：1. 词数：100左右；
2. 内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：垃圾分类 rubbish classification
Dear citizens,
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Yours
Li Hua
Windsor Castle is surrounded by a lot of green gardens in the English countryside. It looks out onto the River Thames and sits next
Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest castle
Kings were born and
Today, Windsor Castle is the private home of Queen Elizabeth II. When she doesn’t meet guests at Buckingham Palace, she goes to Windsor Castle.
7 . California condors are North America’s largest birds, with wing-length of up to 3 meters. In the 1980s, electrical lines and lead poisoning (铅中毒) nearly drove them to dying out. Now, electric shock training and medical treatment are helping to save these big birds.
In the late 1980s, the last few condors were taken from the wild to be bred (繁殖). Since 1992, there have been multiple reintroductions to the wild, and there are now more than 150 flying over California and nearby Arizona, Utah and Baja in Mexico.
Electrical lines have been killing them off. “As they go in to rest for the night, they just don’t see the power lines,” says Bruce Rideout of San Diego Zoo. Their wings can bridge the gap between lines, resulting in electrocution (电死) if they touch two lines at once.
So scientists have come up with a shocking idea. Tall poles, placed in large training areas, teach the birds to stay clear of electrical lines by giving them a painful but undeadly electric shock. Before the training was introduced, 66% of set-free birds died of electrocution. This has now dropped to 18%.
Lead poisoning has proved more difficult to deal with. When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they take in large quantities of lead. This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds, and can lead to kidney (肾) failures and death. So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days. This work is starting to pay off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.
Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival time in the wild is now just under eight years. “Although these measures are not effective forever, they are important for now,” he says. “They are truly good birds that are worth every effort we put into recovering them.”
1. California condors attract researchers’ interest because they ______.| A．are active at night |
| B．had to be bred in the wild |
| C．are found on in California |
| D．almost died out in the 1980s |
| A．giving condors’ journey home |
| B．big killers of Califorbnia condoras |
| C．rest places for condors at night |
| D．used to keep condors away |
| A．makes condors too nervous to fly |
| B．has little effect on condors’ kidneys |
| C．can hardly be gotten rid of from condors’ blood |
| D．makes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds |
| A．the average survival time of condors is satisfactory |
| B．Rideout’s research interest lies in electric engineering |
| C．the efforts to protect condors have brought good results |
| D．researchers have found the final answers to the problem |
| A．California Condor’s Shocking Recovery |
| B．Dangers California Condors Face |
| C．How to Protect California Condor |
| D．California Condors’ Future Life |
8 . The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific Ocean, off the western coast of South America. They are a rocky, lonely spot, but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises left on earth.
Weighing hundreds of pounds, these tortoises go slowly around the rocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, each of these islands has its own particular kinds of tortoises. There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, and each kind is slightly different from the other.
Hundreds of years ago, thousands of tortoises were around these islands. However, all that changed when people started landing there. When people first arrived in 1535, crews would seize as many tortoises as they could. They would roll the tortoises onto their backs when they were brought onto the ships. The tortoises were completely helpless once on their backs, so they could only lie there until used for soups and stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises were carried off in this way.
The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived, bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises. Donkeys and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs, dogs and cats ate thousands of baby tortoises each year. Within a few years, it was hard to find any tortoise eggs or even any baby tortoises.
Finally, in the 1950s, scientists decided that something must be done. The first part of their plan was to remove as many cats, dogs and other animals as they could from the islands. Next, they tried to make sure that more baby tortoises would be born; This slow, hard work continues today, and, thanks to it, the number of tortoises is now increasing every year. Perhaps these wonderful animals will not disappear after all.
1. What makes the Galapagos Islands unusual?| A．The biggest islands in the Pacific Ocean. |
| B．Rocky, lonely spot. |
| C．The giant tortoises. |
| D．Many homes for tourists. |
| A．Tortoises weigh a hundred pounds. |
| B．Tortoises move around very fast. |
| C．There are different kinds of tortoises. |
| D．Tortoises are larger than the ones in other places. |
| A．People cooked them as food. |
| B．Scientists took measures to protect them. |
| C．Pigs, dogs and cats ate many baby tortoises. |
| D．Settlers brought other tortoises to the islands. |
| A．Tortoise eggs were kept in safe containers. |
| B．The animals ate the tortoises’ food and eggs. |
| C．The tortoises continued to wander freely. |
| D．The tortoises fought against the other animals. |
| A．The tortoises began to disappear gradually. |
| B．The number of tortoises began to decrease. |
| C．Scientists took away other animals off the islands. |
| D．There are more and more giant tortoises on the islands. |
9 . The United States Department of Agriculture has a program called Wildlife Services. Its job is to help protect agricultural and other resources. Often that means helping farmers deal with unwelcome visitors. This organization has experts from different fields and it has set up thousands of inquiry centers all over the country where farmer can explain their difficulty and get practical help.
One example from Wildlife Services of its work involved a farmer in Washington State in the Pacific Northwest. Several years ago, thousands of Canada geese landed on his fields. The geese began to eat his carrot crop. Biologists from the program suggested that the farmer use noise-making devices and other measures to scare the large birds away. These efforts succeeded, which made the farmer quite happy. Wildlife Services also has a livestock protection program. The program just offers suggestions to keep those unwelcome visitors away instead of killing them. The Wildlife Services program is part of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, or APHIS. APHIS offers some suggestions of ways to keep away predators. For example, try to keep food and water safe from wildlife. Fences may help keep out wolves, especially if the fences are at least two meters high.
Experts suggest providing secure shelter for chickens, sheep and other animals that could be attacked. They also suggest using lights above places where these animals are kept. And they advise people who see wolves to chase them away by shouting, making loud noises or throwing rocks. And to protect livestock, consider using guard animals such as dogs and donkeys, which are very effective.
For home gardeners, a two-meter fence might help keep out deer. To keep out rabbits, a wire fence has to be only about a half-meter high. It should extend fifteen centimeters underground to keep rabbits from digging under it. If snakes are a problem, remove dead trees and cut high grass to destroy their hiding places. Due to its effective work, ever since the Wildlife Services was started, it has been well received by farmers all over the States and neighboring countries such as Canada and Mexico.
1. What does wildlife Services aim to help farmer handle?| A．Animals that attack farmers. |
| B．People who pollute the farmland. |
| C．People who don't care about wildlife. |
| D．Animals that do harm to crops or livestock. |
| A．the cabbage crop was eaten up by Canada geese |
| B．the farmer didn't have a gun to kill those Canada geese |
| C．Wildlife Services involves some biologists in its group |
| D．the farmers like to eat Canada geese very much |
| A．Ways to protect livestock. |
| B．Ways to deal with wolves. |
| C．How to protect crops. |
| D．How to hunt wildlife. |
| A．Wolves can climb over it easily. |
| B．The strong wind might blow it away. |
| C．Snakes can cross it from under the ground. |
| D．Rabbits may enter by digging holes under it. |
| A．A tourist brochure. |
| B．A science magazine. |
| C．An entertainment program. |
| D．A business report. |
| A．Very hot. | B．Comfortable. | C．Cloudy. |
