1. Where do Indonesians put their garbage?
| A．In the front of their houses. |
| B．In the public garbage cans. |
| C．In the official garbage bags. |
| A．Yellow. | B．Blue. | C．Gray. |
| A．Their price depends on the type of waste. |
| B．They are provided by the government for free. |
| C．Different districts have different official garbage bags. |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
March 11, 2011 was a holiday in Japan. Everything was going on like usual. Most people were at home while there came an extreme loud sound like thunder. Next, people's houses began to shake. Buildings cracked and water pipes bursting. In the town of Fukushima (福岛), the main street went up into the air, ten feet holes opened up in the ground, and buildings fell into ruins. People were shocking by the unexpected quake. Some ran up and down the street, while others were trapped in the buildings were looking out their windows for help. An earthquake that hit Japan was one of the strongest disaster in the world. Many towns were destroyed in the earthquake and a great number of people was killed. Most seriously, Fukushima nuclear accident happened.
3 . According to a report, the average American throws away 4.4 pounds of garbage each day. That adds up to 728,000 tons of daily garbage. Thankfully, states like Idaho are carrying our innovative policies that others can follow. Here’s what Idaho is doing.
Because Idaho never had a large supply of fossil fuels to rely on, leaders had to become more creative with their power sources. Idaho is not as densely (密集地) populated as most other states.
When Boise leaders realized how much food was ending up in the local landfill, they took new steps to cut back on food waste. In 2017, the local government initiated a citywide composting (堆肥) program, where Boise residents could have their organic waste picked up at the curb (路边) along with their regular recycling.
If you tend to buy less, chances are you’re throwing out less as well.
Idahoans manage to keep waste out of their landfills partly because of their strong commitment to recycling. Because Idaho has a series of communities — from urban areas in Boise to the surrounding suburbs — no two recycling programs in the state are alike.
| A．Idaho just earned that title unexpectedly. |
| B．Idaho was an early adopter of green energy sources. |
| C．They are then able to obtain the compost soil for free. |
| D．Therefore, it’s able to take advantage of the space for wind-power sources. |
| E．Each region has developed its own unique program based on its needs and resources. |
| F．One possible reason why Idaho is less wasteful has to do with consumer spending habits. |
| G．There customized programs make it easier for residents to have good consumption habits. |
4 . The last known eggs of the Great Bustard (鸨) were taken in 1832, and the bird was nearly extinct by the end of the 19th century, a victim of hunters. In 2004, the endangered species was reintroduced to Salisbury Plain, with the aim of establishing a self-sustaining population here.
The Great Bustard Group (GBG), the charity behind the release, was set up in 1997 and it has now been 16 years since the initial 10-year trial began. Long-term volunteers Fred and Rona Andrews have been involved from the start and, working as part of a team, have helped raise over 200 chicks from eggs sourced abroad.
“For the first week the chick needs to have food placed in its bill, so we use a feeding puppet to imitate the behavior of the parent,” explains Fred. “It is quite hard when the bustards are young because they need feeding every hour and it takes a long time to feed one.”
Great Bustards reach maturity at about five years old. “Seeing the first wild bred chick out on Salisbury Plain in 2009, shortly after it hatched, was a proud moment for me,” says Rona. On average, 12 chicks are released each year on to Salisbury Plain and in 2018 the survival rate was 100 percent.
“The aim has been to reach a population of 100 birds,” says GBG executive officer David Waters. “Now we have that number, and we are hoping the population will continue to grow by natural reproduction.”
“Being involved with the world’s heaviest bird alive today that can fly has given us both a greater knowledge of birds, conservation and farming,” states Rona. “We are contributing to an important conservation project that also benefits other species.”
1. Why did the GBG reintroduce Great Bustards to Salisbury Plain?| A．To test their chance of survival. |
| B．To increase species diversity there. |
| C．To help save the threatened species. |
| D．To help the local bustards raise chicks. |
| A．It is dangerous. | B．It is demanding. |
| C．It is interesting. | D．It is fairly costly. |
| A．They will survive on their own. |
| B．They will reach a population of 100. |
| C．They will hatch 12 chicks each year. |
| D．They will live in peace with other species. |
1. How many dogs did the woman rescue?
| A．Four. | B．Six. | C．Eight. |
| A．He is a journalist. |
| B．He is a dog walker. |
| C．He is a photographer. |
| A．Walking her dog. | B．Feeding her dog. | C．Selling her dog. |
6 . The idea of biting into a hamburger made from insets may take a little getting used to. But even if the thought of eating insects turns your stomach now, they could and should form an important part of our diet.
“Insects are a rally important missing piece of the food system,” says Peter Alexander, a senior researcher in food security at the University of Edinburgh. “They are undoubtedly a superfood - a whole lot of nutrition in a really small package.” Because of this, farmed insects could help deal with two of the world's biggest problems at once: food insecurity and the climate change.
Agriculture is the biggest driver of global biodiversity loss and a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions （排放）. Raising animals accounts for 14.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Insect farming uses a small part of the land, energy and water required for traditional farming, and has a significantly lower carbon footprint.
Then there's the fact that insects are 12 to 25 times more productive at changing their food into protein （蛋白质） than animals. They need six times less feed than cattle, four times less than sheep and two times less than pigs. One of the main reasons is that insects are cold-blooded and therefore waste less energy keeping their body heat.
As well as saving energy, insects can live off food that would otherwise be thrown away, contributing to the recycling industry. Insects can be fed agricultural waste. To complete the recycling chain, their excrement can be used to make crops grow fast and large and improve soil.
“At the end of the day, you might have the healthiest, most nutritional, and most sustainable（可持续的） product, but unless it tastes nice so that people are willing to accept it, it may be a lot more difficult to get that across,” says Peter.
1. What could be an immediate benefit of farmed insects?| A．Reducing traditional farming. | B．Helping fight climate change. |
| C．Getting rid of food insecurity. | D．Improving global biodiversity. |
| A．They eat food with high protein. | B．They have a special type of blood. |
| C．They digest food better than animals. | D．They require less energy to stay warm. |
| A．Waste. | B．Food. |
| C．Meat. | D．Nutrition. |
| A．A Solution to World Food Insecurity |
| B．What to Do to Solve Climate Change |
| C．Why We Should Quit Animal Raising |
| D．An Overlooked Protein-Rich Superfood |
7 . It was our first evening dog-sitting while our teenage daughter Rochelle was on vacation for two weeks. Louie searched the entire house for his “mommy”. Then, that disappointed but determined puppy （小狗） developed a plan.
While my husband Paul and I were watching TV, we heard loud noises. Something heavy was being dragged down the stairs. I looked around and saw this six-month-old puppy laboriously dragging his large, hard-sided carrier down the stairs. The next moment saw him drag his possessions one by one, first his blanket, and then his bowl, bone, ball and sweater. The project took most of the evening but Louie showed no sign of tiredness at all.
After packing all the items into the carrier, he attempted to jump inside. Once inside, he got the zipper between his teeth and, with all the strength, he pulled the zipper closed. Then he lay down and went to sleep in it throughout the night. The message was abundantly clear. He wanted to go see his “mommy”. He had seen her pack her suitcase and go away for her vacation. He must do the same so he could find her. When I unzipped his carrier in the morning, Louie was excited, but his “mommy” was nowhere to be seen.
The puppy surprised us with new undertakings every day. His absolutely favorite activity was going for a car ride. The possibility of stopping at McDonald's was his consideration. But one day, my husband didn't stop at McDonald's. He left Louie in the car with the window slightly open while he went to a drugstore. Louie managed to jump out of the window. He walked two blocks and found Paul, walking around him as if saying, “Can we go to have fried chicken now?”
Louie is an old gray-haired dog now, but he is still up to his old, and new, tricks.
1. Why didn't Louie show any sign of tiredness?| A．He was eager to see Rochelle. | B．He could drag the carrier easily. |
| C．He wanted to delight Paul and me. | D．He enjoyed searching the house. |
| A．He did that as trained. | B．He used his strong teeth. |
| C．He followed his owner. | D．He employed all his strength. |
| A．He could play at McDonald's. |
| B．He could have his favorite food. |
| C．He could walk through the blocks freely. |
| D．He could accompany Paul to the drugstore. |
| A．Clever and well-trained. | B．Brave and proud. |
| C．Strong-minded and smart. | D．Faithful and quiet. |
8 . Brownrigg is a London tour guide and leads walks through the capital all summer long, whatever the weather. His dozen or so routes range in topics from Harry Potter to the London Underground, but all have something in common. “I often end up talking about the weather,” he says. “It’s a national obsession (痴迷). I realised how much it has shaped London’s existence and history.”
Brownrigg’s Discovering Britain walk takes in several of the city’s famous landmarks, from the Tower of London lo the Shard, each stop exploring some of London’s extraordinary weather events.
We begin at the Monument Christopher Wren’s elegy to the Great Fire of London. With its pale stone column topped by a golden orb. the Monument was designed to look like a giant candle. It stands 202ft high, exactly 202ft away from where the lire began in Pudding Lane. Despite its size, the structure is dwarfed by (相形见绌) today’s surrounding tower blocks. Similarly, the causes behind the fire are sometimes overlooked. The Great Fire was a significant event in the City of London’s history, one that was shaped by the capitals geography. The spark was the weather.
As we enjoy some autumn sun beside the Monument, Brownrigg explains: “The summer of 1666 was unusually warm. At that time London was crammed (塞满) with wooden buildings, many only a few feet apart. A long, hot summer left them bone dry. Add stores of flammable materials including gunpowder left over from the Civil War and the city was a giant tinderbox.” It caught a light on 2 September when a bakery oven wasn’t cleaned properly. The inferno (特大火) lasted three days thanks to a strong breeze. Besides fanning the flames, the wind caused more mess by changing direction.
1. What does “it” refer to in paragraph 1?| A．Introducing the celebrities in London. | B．Talking about the weather. |
| C．Explaining the public transport. | D．Exploring the culture of Britain. |
| A．Admiring the special architecture. |
| B．Warning tourists of the public safety. |
| C．Paying a visit to the famous museums. |
| D．Probing some historical matters with weather. |
| A．By making a comparison. | B．By analyzing the important figures. |
| C．By offering some examples. | D．By describing the features of the buildings. |
| A．Showing the materials of the buildings. | B．Expressing the cause of the Great Fire. |
| C．Predicting the change of the weather. | D．Describing the surroundings of the bakery. |
9 . Some twenty years ago, Poonam visited Ranthambore, with her husband Aditya Singh. She was
Over the years, the couple bought about 35 acres bordering the Ranthambore Tiger Reserve on one side. The area, called Bhadlav, had
After
Not only did the couple have the
Aditya and Poonam’s story has inspired others in the area to follow their example. Aditya has also been receiving
| A．accompanied | B．fascinated | C．frightened | D．blocked |
| A．diverse | B．wild | C．rare | D．little |
| A．classified | B．transformed | C．dug | D．stuck |
| A．settling | B．investing | C．negotiating | D．training |
| A．proud | B．disappointed | C．worried | D．aware |
| A．donating | B．naming | C．selling | D．expanding |
| A．lose | B．remove | C．identify | D．predict |
| A．controlled | B．rented out | C．depended on | D．allowed |
| A．patience | B．facility | C．technology | D．staff |
| A．access | B．link | C．attention | D．threat |
| A．disturbance | B．attempt | C．hesitation | D．sign |
| A．examples | B．offers | C．complaints | D．benefits |
| A．instead of | B．in spite of | C．in addition to | D．due to |
| A．solution | B．source | C．priority | D．possibility |
| A．instructions | B．checks | C．enquiries | D．funds |
Forests of longleaf pine trees once covered two-thirds of the southeastern US. About 95% of those forests
The wood of the tree is very strong. Most buildings in the southern US used to contain longleaf pine wood. Today, after longleaf pine is no
The US government has several programs to protect and expand longleaf pine forests, one of
