1 . If you’re new to San Francisco, paying the city a visit, or simply looking for a new playground for you and your dog, here are four of the finest dog parks in San Francisco.
Corona Heights Dog Park
Often visited by residents from all over the city because of its nearness to the Randall Museum, Corona Heights Dog Park offers pets and owners breathtaking view after a steep hillside climb, and a fenced dog area that allows dogs to let loose without a leash (狗链). Owners will also enjoy the playground, tennis courts and basketball courts.
Dolores Dog Park
The grounds of Dolores Park once served as camps for those who were left homeless by the 1906 earthquake, but now are often visited by crowds of Mission District people. Four-legged friends can also wander about care free off-leash while making friends with other members of the doggie community.
Pine Lake Dog Park
Famous for its place as a rest stop for hundreds of species of birds to fly to and from warmer climates, Pine Lake Park is also prized by city dogs and their owners for their nice hiking paths, picturesque lake suited for swimming, and off-leash area on the park’s west end that lets dogs run free.
Buena Vista Dog Park
With a history of 146 years, Buena Vista Park is San Francisco’s oldest park. Dogs and owners with plus energy will love burning it on this park’s steep paths and winding staircases. Dog owners should have good control over their dogs, as it’s quite easy for dogs to get separated when going through Buena Vista’s many twists and turns.
1. What do Corona Heights Dog Park and Dolores Dog Park have in common?| A．There are many steep stairs there. | B．Dogs can go around freely there. |
| C．They serve as camps for the homeless. | D．It is suitable for hiking for owners of dog. |
| A．It is a good place for all kinds of birds to rest. | B．It is close to a museum. |
| C．Dogs must be on a leash there. | D．It is suitable for making friends. |
| A．Dolores Dog Park. | B．Pine Lake Dog Park. |
| C．Buena Vista Dog Park. | D．Corona Heights Dog Park. |
2 . My work started in 2003 at my local animal shelter’s Adoption Department. It seems like such a long time ago. In the 13 years that have
Tabby was one of the many
If Tabby’s story had simply ended with her
How could it be? There are some things that challenge logic and understanding in this world. Sometimes the best that we can do is to accept a
| A．passed | B．created | C．wasted | D．imitated |
| A．park | B．hospital | C．shelter | D．destination |
| A．usually | B．occasionally | C．frequently | D．always |
| A．animal | B．backpack | C．guest | D．treasure |
| A．content | B．homeless | C．disappointing | D．comfortable |
| A．chances | B．challenges | C．adventures | D．discussions |
| A．ordered | B．sold | C．advertised | D．named |
| A．got across | B．got through | C．suffered from | D．broke up |
| A．beyond | B．on | C．with | D．between |
| A．serious | B．bored | C．curious | D．interested |
| A．agree | B．grow | C．deal | D．doubt |
| A．destroy | B．win | C．adopt | D．save |
| A．successful | B．straight | C．traditional | D．miserable |
| A．special | B．normal | C．similar | D．difficult |
| A．which | B．when | C．where | D．what |
| A．noticed | B．greeted | C．occurred | D．met |
| A．release | B．warning | C．requirement | D．conflict |
| A．date | B．damage | C．habit | D．arrival |
| A．decision | B．contest | C．miracle | D．promise |
| A．describe | B．forgive | C．believe | D．explain |
3 . While there are plenty of factors that go into how attractive you are to mosquitoes, new research has found the colors you’re wearing definitely play a role.
For the study, researchers from the University of Washington tracked the behavior of female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes when they were given different types of visual and scent cues (气味信号). The researchers put the mosquitoes into small test rooms and exposed them to different things, like a colored dot (小圆点) or person’s hand.
The mosquitoes first detect that you’re around by smelling carbon dioxide from your breath, which pushes them to look for certain colors and visual patterns that could indicate food, the researchers explained. When there was no scent cue like carbon dioxide in the test rooms, the mosquitoes neglected the colored dot, no matter what color it was. But once researchers sprayed carbon dioxide in the room, they flew toward dots that were red, orange, or black. Dots that were green, blue, or purple were overlooked.
“Light colors are perceived as a threat to mosquitoes, which is why many species avoid biting in direct sunlight,” researcher Timothy Best says. “Mosquitoes are very likely to be affected by dehydration (脱水) which can even cause them to die, therefore light colors may represent danger and cause avoidance. In contrast, darker colors may copy shadows, which are more likely to absorb and preserve heat, allowing mosquitoes to locate a host.”
If you have the option of wearing lighter or darker clothes when you know you’ll be going into an area with lots of mosquitoes, you’d better go with the lighter choice. Dark colors stand out to mosquitoes, whereas light colors blend in. When you’re going into areas where these small insects are known to hide, you can use bug spray and wear long-sleeved shirts and trousers. Regularly get rid of standing water around your home and empty items that hold water such as bird baths, toys, and planters. Each of these protective measures will contribute to decreasing your likelihood of getting bitten. And, if you’re able to wear something other than red or dark colors, even better.
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?| A．The result of the experiment. | B．The process of the experiment. |
| C．The purpose of the experiment. | D．The significance of the experiment. |
| A．Adored. | B．Located. | C．Ignored. | D．Approached. |
| A．A dry and clean yard. | B．A classroom painted in white. |
| C．A kitchen with delicious food. | D．A bathroom with dark walls. |
| A．How to protect plants. | B．How to keep the room tidy. |
| C．How to avoid mosquito bites. | D．How to choose summer clothes. |
4 . Plants are very important living things. Life could not go on if there were no plants. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight.
Animals get their food by eating plants and other animals. Therefore animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why we find that there are so many plants around us.
If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.
Flowering plants can make seeds. The seeds are protected by the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. But a few fruits have no seeds at all. An example of a fruit without seeds is the banana fruit.
Most nonflowering plants do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores. Spores are very small. Some spores are so small and light that they can float in the air.We may say that spores are quite the same as seeds .When these spores are all on wet and shady places, they usually grow into new plants.
1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that________.| A．plants are important for life. |
| B．plants cannot grow without air. |
| C．there are many plants in the world . |
| D．we can not live without water. |
| A．Of all living things animals are most important. |
| B．Spores are seeds. |
| C．All fruits of flowering plants have seeds. |
| D．Without plants, man will die out. |
| A．a medicine book. | B．a novel. |
| C．a science magazine. | D．an experiment report. |
| A．damaged | B．serve |
| C．prevented | D．guarded |
内容包括：
1.保护野生动物的重要性；
2.如何保护野生动物；
3.保护野生动物的倡议。
How can we protect wild animals?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6 . You must have heard about animal migration (迁徙),such as Wildebeests dash across Africa; Monarch butterflies fly across the Americas... But did you know that forests migrate, too?
In his new book The Journeys of Trees, science writer Zach St. George explores an extremely slow migration, as forests creep inch by inch to more pleasant places.
“The migration of a forest is just many trees sprouting (发芽) in the same direction,” St. George writes. “Through the fossils that ancient forests left behind, scientists can track their movement over thousands of years. They move back and forth across continents, sometimes following the same route more than once, like migrating birds or whales.” This has happened over thousands of years, and climate change tends to be the driving force.
Of course, today, climate change is speeding up, and trees can’ t keep pace. Take California for example: It’s getting hotter and drier and scientists estimate that before too long, Sequoia National Park may not be able to keep giant sequoias (巨杉).
“The scientists there had never seen anything like it” St. George says. “They worried, and I think at some point we will lose these ancient trees and that we will have to think about what we do with the places, and whether we should plant new groves where they are easy to grow.”
This is known as “assisted migration” —humans planting trees in other places where they’ re more likely to flourish. But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places, where they may wipe out entire native populations. So, St. George writes, there’ s a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape?
“There may be cases where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they’ll be more suitable in the future,”St. George says.“So far, there are no huge movements of citizen groups moving trees north. But that is kind of one vision of the future that the people I interview hope to see.”
1. What can be learned about the forest migration?| A．It is very difficult to track the migration. |
| B．It takes several decades to complete it. |
| C．It is mainly the result of climate change. |
| D．It often follows certain migrating species. |
| A．To prove the assisted migration carries risks. |
| B．To stress the park is able to keep giant sequoias. |
| C．To state scientists are hopeful about the environment. |
| D．To show trees fail to adapt to climate change. |
| A．Grow well. | B．Become valuable. |
| C．Develop rapidly. | D．Escape diseases. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Objective. |
| C．Skeptical. | D．Disapproving. |
7 . The Pacific island of Tonga was struck by huge volcanic explosion on January 15, 2022, which was followed by a tsunami (海啸) that flooded the regions of the capital, Nuku’alofa. Witnesses reported ash was falling over the capital, and social media images showed water flooding into a church and many residences. Local residents had to flee to higher ground when the tsunami warning was issued.
The capital of Tonga is around 65 kilometers north of the volcano. The volcano’s plumes of gas, smoke, and ash extended 20 kilometers into the sky, according to Tonga Geological Services. According to authorities in Suva, the eight-minute eruption was so powerful that it could be heard as “loud thunder sounds” more than 500 miles away. Storm waves have been predicted in New Zealand, which is more than 2,300 kilometers away from Tonga.
Internet and phone lines went down after the violent volcanic eruption, leaving the 105,000 residents on the islands almost uncontactable. All communication to the outside world in Tonga was affected due to damage to the undersea cable (电缆). Digicel, a Jamaican phone company that partly owns the Tonga Cable System, said that it might take 24 hours to restore the important communications link before it could provide an update on work. The company said it was working urgently with local authorities to “resolve the damage”, adding that its domestic (国内的) mobile phone towers were operating across the main island of Tongatapu.
New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern said that the New Zealand government has made an initial sum of 340,000 dollars available to provide assistance to Tonga. An Australian Air Force P8 Poseidon aircraft also reached Tonga on January 17. Meanwhile, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson said that China is closely watching the volcanic eruptions and the disasters including tsunami and volcanic ash in Tonga, and stands ready to provide every possible support and assistance at Tonga’s request.
1. What was the influence of the tsunami?| A．The huge volcanic explosion struck Tonga. |
| B．Local residents were forced to move away. |
| C．The capital of Tonga was completely flooded. |
| D．Many churches and residents were flooded away. |
| A．The reason for the volcanic explosion. |
| B．The enormous losses caused by the flood. |
| C．The serious air pollution due to volcanic ash. |
| D．The widespread effect of the volcanic eruption. |
| A．In total confusion. | B．In great danger. |
| C．Out of sight. | D．Out of touch. |
| A．Support from different countries is around the corner. |
| B．The way of predicting natural disasters needs improving. |
| C．Post-disaster reconstruction faces many difficulties. |
| D．Volcanic eruptions have a great effect on global climate. |
8 . Once again, China has conquered the world’s highest peak, Mount Qomolangma, on May 4th, 2022. Thirteen members of the Chinese Earth Summit Mission 2022 scientific expedition (探险) team successfully established an automatic weather station at an altitude of over 8800 meters, the world’s highest of its kind, on Mount Qomolangma on the China-Nepal border, achieving the milestone task of the country’s second comprehensive survey to the roof of the world.
To finish this mission, Yao Tandong, a leader of the expedition, said they have organized a massive party consisting of 16 teams and over 270 researchers, some of whom trained for over two years for the project. Now they have set up eight stations from 5200 meters to 8800 meters on Mount Qomolangma, with four stations higher than 7000 meters respectively at 7028 meters, 7790 meters, 8300 meters and 8800 meters. These weather stations at different altitudes mainly monitor the temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, pressure and radiation changes in the region, and can realize real-time remote transmission (传输) of data.
Conventional weather observations are generally below 5000 meters and rarely above 5000 meters, and such high-altitude weather observations are scarce at the moment, Zhao Huabiao, a researcher at the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, said. “The reason for building a weather station at 8800 meters instead of 8848 meters is that the snow and ice on the summit are not suitable for fixing equipment, and in this regard, the weather station was built on bedrock around 8800 meters which is easier,” said Zhao.
The team reached the summit of Mount Qomolangma and used high-accuracy radar to measure the thickness of ice and snow, and collected samples for further research. Kang Shichang, a researcher of the Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said studying the changes to the glacier aims to clarify the impact of global warming, which is beneficial to mounting a global response to climate change. “Through the study of glacier changes and glacier air pollutants, we can see the impact of global and regional human activities in the Qomolangma area,” Kang said.
1. What do we know about the expedition team?| A．They built the world’s highest automatic weather station. |
| B．They found the quickest way to reach Mount Qomolangma. |
| C．They conducted an experiment successfully on the world’s highest peak. |
| D．They became the first Chinese team to do research on Mount Qomolangma. |
| A．The importance of real-time data transmission. |
| B．The tough environment of Mount Qomolangma. |
| C．The difficulty of monitoring weather conditions. |
| D．The challenging task of the scientific expedition. |
| A．To reduce the effect of strong winds. |
| B．To keep away from tough bedrocks. |
| C．To fix equipment more conveniently. |
| D．To predict the weather more accurately. |
| A．Its characteristics. | B．Its value of research. |
| C．Its formation process. | D．Its impact on climate change. |
Machu Picchu is an ancient city in Peru, South America. It
Machu Picchu is high up in the Andes Mountains of Peru. There are 3,000 stone steps
Millions of people visit every year to see the stone city. The development of nearby towns and damage
Peru is taking
10 . My elephant adventures began in 1984 when, with our one-year-old daughter, my husband and I crossed the jungle in a jeep, sticking behind a lorry for comfort and company. The elephants standing like watchers on either side of the forest highway had us praying for our safety. One elephant made loud noise and angrily pawed the ground, warning us off. We raced away before they could attack.
It was wise to keep elephants at a distance. We heard stories of tourists whose jeeps were overturned, and a couple of photographers were killed because they moved too close. Elephants are misleading animals. They give people an impression of being quiet and kind, so tourists think it’s safe to picnic in the jungle. Yet angry elephants have knocked them down in seconds before they could take off.
Elephants might make life unpredictable and dangerous. It’s difficult for inexperienced environmentalists to even, begin to grasp this reality. I’ve heard city people say “We humans are encroaching (侵害) on their forests.” But what’s the solution?
When a poor farmer borrows heavily to plant a crop, he’ll do anything to protect it. His life depends on it. Elephants ruining an about-to-be-harvested corn field cannot expect to be welcomed like special guests. The battle between beasts and farmers is violent.
Experts are working on solutions to human-elephant conflicts. Some are sure to fail to like the plan to build electric fences around human settlements. Elephants rapidly figure them out and come in, around and over them.
There are more questions than answers, for sure. But as my husband said, “More people die in car accidents every single day, in every city on the earth. But they won’t take cars off the roads, will they?” So we need to seek practical ways of preventing elephant accidents.
1. How did the author feel when she saw elephants standing on either side of the forest highway?| A．Excited. | B．Frightened. |
| C．Sacred. | D．Sympathetic. |
| A．Because they killed the photographers. |
| B．Because they overturned vehicles. |
| C．Because they don’t look fierce. |
| D．Because they often knock down visitors. |
| A．Because elephants ruin their crops. |
| B．Because they want to hunt elephants. |
| C．Because elephants’ ivories are valuable. |
| D．Because elephants are encroaching on their forests. |
| A．Proper measures should be taken to protect elephants. |
| B．It is a good idea to build electric fences around human settlements. |
| C．It is impossible to find a solution to settle human-elephant conflicts. |
| D．We should first reduce car accidents to prevent elephant accidents. |
