1 . In the scenic coastal city of Cornwall, Lizzi Larbalestier has become a beacon of hope for marine (海洋的) wildlife. As a committed volunteer for British Divers Marine Life Rescue (BDMLR), her journey began with transforming her Airbnb, an online platform that allows people to rent out their homes or accommodations to travelers, into a temporary shelter for injured seals. This effort came as the result of the increasing incidents of marine animals suffering from human-related injuries and the lack of specialized care facilities in the region.
Recognizing the urgent need for a more permanent solution, Lizzi, alongside her husband and a team of committed volunteers, established a fully equipped seal hospital. This facility, now in its third year of operation, has expanded its capacity to ten pens and is prepared to recover around 100 seals annually. The hospital caters to a variety of cases: seals injured by boats or caught in fishing gear (用具), young pups separated from their mothers, and young seals weakened by poor nutrition. Each animal receives personalized care, ranging from basic first aid to extensive recovery programs. After initial treatment, seals are often moved to larger recovery centers for further care before their release back into the wild.
Lizzi’s commitment to marine conservation extends beyond seal rescue. She is an active participant in environmental campaigns like Surfers Against Sewage and Ghostnetbuster. Her tireless efforts were recognized when she received the Animal Action Award from the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Lizzi owes the success of BDMLR’s operations to the collective effort of all volunteers, emphasizing the importance of teamwork in achieving their conservation goals.
The BDMLR team also reacts to emergencies involving other marine wildlife, like whales and dolphins. Lizzi recalls several successful operations, including the rescue of stranded (搁浅的) dolphins and a turtle that required specialized care.
Lizzi’s story is not just about rescuing marine animals; it’s a proof of the power of community involvement and the impact of individuals on environmental conservation.
1. What inspired Lizzi to protect the marine wildlife?A.One of her trips to the seaside. | B.More and more injured marine animals. |
C.Her love for the marine creatures. | D.Increasing profits from her Airbnb. |
A.It has been in operation for five years. |
B.It provides a separate space for each seal. |
C.It offers temporary help to injured animals. |
D.It is the largest recovery center in the area. |
A.All roads lead to Rome. | B.Actions speak louder than words. |
C.Time and tide wait for no man. | D.Many hands make light work. |
A.A practical solution to seal rescue. |
B.Challenges of marine wildlife recovery. |
C.The impact of human activities on marine ecosystems. |
D.The journey of a marine life rescuer in Cornwall. |
2 . Approximately 5,000 juvenile individuals lose their lives on a daily basis due to diseases that are entirely preventable, such as cholera and dysentery. These illnesses proliferate when individuals consume or prepare food using contaminated water. The absence of clean water for personal hygiene also facilitates the transmission of entirely preventable conditions like trachoma, which has resulted in the loss of sight for an estimated six million individuals.
The scarcity of water resources also ensnares numerous households with limited financial means in a perpetual loop of economic hardship and suboptimal educational opportunities, with the most impoverished being disproportionately affected by the lack of access to water. Those who dedicate a significant portion of their daily routine to dealing with health issues, tending to ailing children, or traversing an average distance of 3.75 miles to gather water, are deprived of the educational and economic opportunities necessary to elevate their living conditions.
Agriculture is often referred to as the primary consumer of clean water globally, accounting for approximately 70 percent of its usage, while industrial applications require an additional 22 percent. Water bodies do not recognize political boundaries, and nations do not consistently collaborate in the equitable distribution of these shared resources, making water a frequent catalyst for international disputes.
The ongoing demand for water is steadily increasing, depleting sources from vast rivers to subterranean aquifers. As Postel remarked, “We are progressively incurring a greater debt in terms of our groundwater exploitation, which has profound implications for the security of our global water supply. The pace at which we are extracting groundwater has doubled since the year 1960.”
Some of the Earth’s groundwater is classified as fossil water, a resource that originated during a time when the planet's climate was vastly different from what it is today. Presently, such water is as finite as petroleum. “However, we are extracting a significant portion of these resources at an unprecedented rate,” Postel elucidated. “The escalating demand for water by humanity also poses a significant challenge concerning water and our ecosystems. This not only incurs a cost to the natural environment but also has long-term financial implications for future generations, including our offspring and grandchildren.”
1. What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A.Water shortage has been a most serious challenge. |
B.So many children die of polluted water every day. |
C.Diseases should be properly controlled and treated. |
D.Wasting water leads to the unrest of the world. |
A.Because nations don’t always work together to save water. |
B.Because agriculture uses about two-thirds of clean water. |
C.Because more people live on the agricultural produce. |
D.Because agriculture is much stronger than industry. |
A.groundwater is rich for us to use |
B.there is no need to dig deep for groundwater |
C.we are using our next generations’ water |
D.we should use river water instead of groundwater |
A.Water should be distributed equally. |
B.Laws should be passed from groundwater. |
C.We shouldn’t use water from rivers. |
D.We should protect our ecosystems. |
The Great Wall of China with a total length of over 5,000 kilometers is one of
1. What does the man find lovely?
A.A dress. | B.A dog. | C.A child. |
A.The woman’s boss. | B.The woman’s friend. | C.The woman’s husband. |
Wild lands across Africa are home to many rare, threatened, and endangered species. Having recognized their extraordinary value and
Let’s take the example of Ethiopia’s Simien Mountains National Park. In 1996 when it entered the list of World Heritage In Danger,
In 2017, the park made history with its
6 . NASA’s first humanoid robot, Valkyrie, is going through a few of its final testing stages at NASA’s Johnson Space Center(JSC) in Houston, Texas. The humanoid robot, much like Iron Man but constructed from metal and electronics, copies human walking and appearance. NASA is exploring if such machines can further space exploration, starting with the Artemis mission, according to Reuters.
Standing at 6 feet 2 inches(188 centimeters) and weighing 300 pounds(136 kilograms), Valkyrie is an electric humanoid robot capable of operating in degraded or damaged human-engineered environments, like areas hit by natural disasters.
JSC designed and constructed NASA’s Valkyrie specifically for participation in the 2013 DARPA Robotics Challenge Trials. Drawing on the knowledge gained from the creation of Robonaut 2, the Valkyrie team at JSC created this robot in fifteen months. They integrated enhanced electronics, actuators and sensing capabilities based on the advancements made in earlier generations of humanoid robots at JSC.
In July, the humanoid robot went through testing in Australia to assess its software, generating valuable data and feedback for NASA. These tests aimed to advance remote mobile dexterous manipulation(灵活操控) capabilities to enable the remote maintenance of unmanned and offshore energy facilities.
NASA has cooperated with robotics firms, including Apptronik based in Austin, Texas, to explore the insights gained from humanoid robots designed for Earthly applications. This cooperation aims to learn how humanoid robots developed for purposes on Earth could help the development of future humanoid robots meant for space.
Humanoid robots to be arranged in space hold the potential to perform dangerous tasks such as cleaning solar panels or inspecting malfunctioning equipment outside spacecraft. This capability allows astronauts to prioritize exploration and discovery without putting their safety at risk. “We’re not trying to replace human crews; we’re just trying to take the dull, dirty and dangerous work off their plates to allow them to focus on those higher-level activities,” told Shaun Azimi, NASA Dexterous Robotics Team Leader, to Reuters.
1. What do we know about Valkyrie?A.It is able to walk like a human being. | B.It was created within five months. |
C.It has passed the final tests successfully. | D.It looks very different from Iron Man. |
A.To predict sales of robots in disaster-hit areas. |
B.To explain the cause of extreme weather events. |
C.To show the robot Valkyrie’s working environments. |
D.To stress the impact of environmental change on humans. |
A.It has disadvantages in comparison to humans. |
B.It could easily break the plates used by humans. |
C.It may be a good helper for astronauts in the future. |
D.It will replace humans to finish higher-level activities. |
A.A Wide Range of Applications of Robots |
B.Robot Valkyrie Will Be Tested in Australia |
C.The History and Future Development of Robots |
D.NASA Aims to Put Human-like Robots in Space |
7 . One long gray ship at the Port of Los Angeles is doing its part to combat climate change. On the ship, which belongs to Captura, a Los Angeles-based startup, is a system that takes into seawater and sucks out CO2, which can be used for various purposes or buried. The decarbonated (不含二氧化碳的)seawater is returned to the ocean, where it absorbs more CO2 from the atmosphere, in a small strike against the massive rise of the greenhouse gas.
After a yearlong experiment, Captura is planning to open a 1000-ton-per-year facility that will bury the captured CO2 in rock formations under the North Sea. Equatic, another Los Angeles-based startup, is launching an even larger 3650-ton-per-year ocean CO2 capture plant this year in Singapore.
Supporters say capturing CO2 from the ocean should be easier and cheaper than a seemingly more direct approach: extracting it directly from the air. Direct air capture, which relies on fans to sweep air past absorbent chemicals, currently costs between $ 600 to $ 1,000 per ton of CO2 removed, largely because atmospheric CO2 is so thin, making up less than 0.05% of the air. Earth’s oceans, in contrast, hold the gas at a concentration nearly 150 times higher, and absorb roughly 30% of all CO2 emissions each year. Companies say they should ultimately be able to capture CO2 at $ 100 per ton, or less.
Ocean capture advocates are seeking government support. In the US, direct air capture plants earn a $ 180 tax credit per ton of removed CO2, but Ocean efforts currently don’t qualify. “A similar tax incentive (激励政策) for water-based CO2 removal is absolutely needed,” says Ruben Brands, CEO of Equatic.
Even if the technology takes off, it will have to scale up massively to make a meaning contribution in offsetting global emissions. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, by 2050 we will need to remove some 5 billion tons of CO2 every year to limit the global temperature increase to 1.5℃. So far, the ocean capture companies are pulling out only thousands of tons. Matthew Eisaman, a chief scientist at Captura, says, “We have an enormous challenge ahead of us.”
1. How does the author start the passage?A.By listing data. | B.By giving an example. |
C.By quoting a saying. | D.By making a comparision. |
A.CO2 is naturally more concentrated in seawater. | B.CO2 in seawater is more absorbent. |
C.CO2 is stored in solid form in seawater. | D.CO2 in the ocean is more readily accessible. |
A.Breaking out. | B.Finding out. | C.Canceling out. | D.Turning out. |
A.The Impact of Climate Change on Ocean |
B.Using Technology to Fight Against Ocean Pollution |
C.Combining Ocean CO2 Capture with Air Capture |
D.Exploring Oceanic Solutions for Reducing CO2 Emissions |
8 . You may feel it start as a dull headache. Before long, you might not know where you are or what time it is. The heat roof masting millions of people across the Pacific Northwest and swaths of Canada, has already claimed hundreds of lives. A study published last month in Nature Climate Change found 37 percent of heat-related deaths is caused by global warming between 1991 and 2023. As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise.
The following is what happens if you’re one of the next people whom extreme heat kills, according to W. Lawrence Kenney, an expert at Penn State University. First, your brain sends a series of messages to your sweat glands telling them to increase sweat production. Then your heart starts beating faster to pump blood to the skin while blood flow is also directed away from your liver, kidneys, and gut. That’s your body attempting to make your skin hotter than the air outside, hoping to move heat away from you.
If your body fails to cool you down, its internal temperature might start to climb from a normal level of between 97 degrees and 99 degrees Fahrenheit to somewhere closer to 104 degrees and 105 degrees. “These are the situations where people die of classical heat stroke,” Kenney said.
At that temperature, the tissues in the brain become affected. You may feel it start as a dull headache. Before long, you may lose consciousness. While you struggle to stay awake, the overmuch internal heat harms your gut. Your body will likely cause an inflammatory (炎性的) response. Left untreated, what follows is a series of organ failure that leads to all but certain death.
We are learning more about how to avoid overheating. A 2019 study by University of Sydney researcher Ollie Jay found that electric fans cooled body temperatures and reduced cardiovascular (心血管的) strain in hot, humid weather. But in dry heat, fans actually increase body temperature —meaning access to air conditioning is crucial. But the most likely assurance against dying of extreme heat is avoiding the rise of global temperatures. Changing that requires rapidly reducing fossil fuel use and finding ways to remove more carbon from the atmosphere than we release. “Efforts so far have remained pitifully insufficient,” Kenney said.
1. What is the main issue discussed in paragraph 1?A.The increasing number of heat-related deaths. |
B.The changes brought about by global warming. |
C.The research published in Nature Climate Change. |
D.The hot weather near the Pacific Northwest and Canada |
A.The brain sends incorrect instructions. | B.The body helps to reduce the skin temperature. |
C.Sweat increases sharply and blood flows slower. | D.Heart rate increases and blood flows to the skin. |
A.The skin temperature will reach its peak. |
B.Headache will cause your gut inflammatory. |
C.Organ failure and a high risk of death will appear. |
D.The internal heat will make you struggle to stay awake |
A.Increasing the use of electric fans. | B.Installing air-conditioners in homes. |
C.Decreasing fossil fuel use and carbon emissions. | D.Reducing cardiovascular strain in humid weather. |
1. What is the campaign’s main goal?
A.To encourage people to reduce garbage. |
B.To ask people to protect the environment. |
C.To warn people of the bad effects of cars. |
A.Planting trees. | B.Painting posters. | C.Collecting garbage. |
A.Hang posters. | B.Stop driving cars. | C.Decorate classrooms. |
A.Impractical. | B.Confusing. | C.Wonderful. |
The world’s seas, lakes and rivers are under much pressure from climate change, growing demand, development of cities and pollution, threatening their ability to support life.
Without better data to understand the health of increasingly stressed waterways, the fight to save these most precious resources will be ineffective, says Simeon Pieterkosky, co-founder of the technology company Aquaai. “Visually every waterway is polluted so seriously that the ecosystem (生态系统) just can’t balance back anymore,” he explains.
Aquaai is aiming to fill that information gap by using fish-like robots that collect data from underwater environments. Powered by batteries, they are designed to look and swim like a fish, with a body and tail that move from side-to-side as they swim through the water.
The standard version is about 4 feet long (1. 3 meters) and weighs 30 kilograms and can be equipped with cameras and sensors (传感器) to measure oxygen, pH levels and the amount of salt contained in the water.
Pieterkosky was inspired to build the robots after his eight-year-old daughter leamed about the dangerous situation of the seas and asked him to protect them. He says it’s important that the robots can swim among the fish without being noticed by them.
The company has put its technology to use in California, where it was founded, and in Norway, where it has a branch company. It has operated in both fresh and salt water, and near fish farms, checking things like water quality and fish health. Many fish farms use fixed sensors to monitor (监测) water quality, but CEO and co-founder Liane Thompson says this can be inefficient in giant farms, where fish might gather away from the sensors. Instead, Aquaai’s robots swim with the fish, collecting data wherever they go.
Thompson says its technology could be used in the areas for water management, fish farming operations and searching for abandoned fishing equipment. Besides, across the world, water resources are typically monitored by workers, which is slow and needs many people. She believes better automation is quite needed.
Automation “should play a key role in the future of water management by reducing waste and improving data collection for better decision-making,” said Robert C. Brears, the founder of water protection website Our Future Water.
1. How does Aquaai fill the information gap? (不多于10个单词)2. Who inspired Pieterkosky to build the fish-like robots? (不多于3个单词)
3. Where was the company Aquaai founded? (不多于2个单词)
4. What should play a key role in the future of water management according to Robert C. Brears? (不多于1个单词)
5. What does this passage mainly talk about? (不多于6个单词)