1. What is the main topic of the talk?
| A．Energy conservation. |
| B．New housing construction. |
| C．The number of bicycles and cars. |
| A．To keep out the cold. |
| B．To keep other houses warm. |
| C．To avoid being overheated in summer. |
| A．By cutting back on parking. |
| B．By building 24 miles of bicycle paths. |
| C．By encouraging university students to use bicycles. |
| A．To save gas. | B．To relieve traffic jams. | C．To test new energy alternatives. |
2 . Living on the Florida Emerald Coast, people view a hurricane (飓风) ‘as a common thing. So it is not unusual for a family to have several full gas cans and bottled water stored in their houses all summer.
Though unwilling to evacuate (撤离) from a hurricane, on September 15, my family was forced to leave our home for my grandfather’s house several miles away. We spent the early part of that evening watching the hurricane draw closer on the Weather Channel. Around nine o’clock, a loud sound shook the house, turned over the roof and carried it off. Soon came an indoor rainstorm.
Realizing the damage, my grandfather began to be afraid. The storm had started, but he still ran out into the heavy rain and wind to see how much of the roof was left. We got him back inside. I had never seen him so scared. Mom finally asked him to lie down in his room.
The leak (渗漏) had progressed rapidly. It soon became a race against time to protect what to be saved. Some people may think it necessary to save material things, but I hoped to save those items with emotional value, such as the photos. I still feared the storm, but I more feared the influence it brought.
The next morning, it started to clear up. Thankfully, my family came safely through the storm, though the same could not be said for the house. Only the wooden beams (梁) remained, but inside many of the things were safe. My mom and I had worked tirelessly through the night.
It was late, but we were still unwilling to go to bed. We discussed the rebuilding of the house. Under the beautiful sky, we suggested looking after my grandfather more often in the future. After this disaster, I realized the truth that the hurricane itself was not so terrible if we loved each other.
1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?| A．Many residents living near the coast tend to leave the place. |
| B．Many residents are unwilling to prepare for hurricanes. |
| C．Hurricanes often strike the Florida Emerald Coast. |
| D．Hurricanes seldom hit the Florida Emerald Coast. |
| A．To protect something outside. | B．To see the condition of the roof. |
| C．To avoid the danger in the house. | D．To know how serious the rain was. |
| A．Why the author feared the storm. | B．How the storm influenced the house. |
| C．How people helped each other in the storm. | D．What the author was ready to save from the storm. |
| A．The house contained many valuable things. | B．The house was destroyed in the disaster. |
| C．The house could be easy to repair. | D．The house survived the hurricane. |
Earth Day is an event
In1962, Rachel Carson’s bestselling book “Silent Spring” created an
In the fall of 1969, Nelson announced it and appealed to the entire country to get involved. Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls
Today, Earth Day is celebrated around the world every April 22. Sometimes numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of
1. 你对低碳生活的理解；2. 具体做法；3. 发出倡议。
注意：词数80左右。
参考词汇：emission 排放；carbon dioxide 二氧化碳；低碳生活 a low-carbon lifestyle
Hello, everyone! I am Lihua.
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That’s all. Thank you!
5 . Generally speaking, convenience and safety affect how we choose to pay for things. Environmental concerns do, too.
Each time you pull out a credit, use a phone’s wallet app or hand over cash, you take part in a system. Some parts of that system make things, like coins, bills or cards. Other parts move money between buyers, sellers, banks and others. Used cash, cards and equipment will be eventually disposed of (处理), as well. Each part of this system uses materials and energy. And all parts produce waste.
Now researchers are looking more closely at how “green” these payment systems are. They’re finding buyers can help cut some of the environmental costs, no matter how they pay.
To understand the full “cost” to society of money or any other system, researchers can perform what’s called a life-cycle assessment. It looks at all the environmental impacts of a product or process. It starts with mining, growing or making the raw materials. It includes what happens while something is in use. And it considers the final disposal or reuse of things.
Even though raw materials are the first step, in fact there are raw materials added in at every single step along the journey. For money, raw materials go into each step of something that is “made”. Fuels are the raw materials for energy to make products and transport them. More energy goes into using products. Recycling or disposal also requires energy, plus water, soil or other materials.
People don’t realize most of those steps, so they can’t judge if one form of payment is dirtier or more costly. And that’s a problem, researchers say. It’s also what has got some of them to show more about the costs of how we pay for our lifestyles.
A life-cycle assessment doesn’t tell you what to do. However, it gives you an informed basis for making a decision.
1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?| A．The ways of paying. | B．The process of payment. |
| C．The waste produced by payment. | D．The introduction of payment systems. |
| A．The real value of money. | B．The history of the currency. |
| C．The effect on the environment. | D．The importance of raw material. |
| A．Steps. | B．Products. | C．Materials. | D．Fuels. |
| A．The Payment Patterns are Changing | B．How We Choose to Pay Affects the Environment |
| C．New Payment Patterns Have Come into Being | D．How We Make Payment Systems “Green” |
6 . A selection of wildlife sculptures made out of recycled rubbish is being displayed at an exhibition at the Harley Gallery in Glasgow, England. The sculptures have, been created by Glasgow — based artist Michelle Reader, who has been working with recycled materials for over 20 years. The inspiration behind this collection of artwork was the increase in fly-tipping during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. Fly-tipping is when people illegally dump rubbish or litter in a public place.
Reader told the BBC, “Glasgow Wildlife Trust showed me some of the materials that were found on their reserves — a washing machine, rusty bike frame, car tyres.” She decided to create wildlife sculptures out of these materials to encourage people to think about the damage fly-tipping can do to the environment and wildlife. Her three-dimensional artworks included recycled items such as skis, a gas mask, and washing machine, parts.
Reader often drew inspiration from the “beauty of the natural world,” and said that the large model of the white-tailed bee was inspired by the many hours she spent on her distribution during the pandemic. Another sculpture, of a bearded eagle, was inspired by the sighting of one such bird in the Peak District in July 2020. This was only the second time it had been spotted in the UK.
Other projects Reader has been involved with have highlighted issues such as the importance of recycling and reducing food waste. In April, the National Space Centre in Leicester, England, launched their Home Planet gallery, which featured an art installation from Reader. Using rubbish found in rivers, such as plastic bottles, tennis balls, footwear, and toys, Reader created a large wave sculpture to highlight the problem of littering.
Reader says that through her sculptures she draws attention to environmental issues in an attractive and humorous way. The exhibition is on at Harley Callery in Glasgow, England, until 24 July.
1. What inspired the exhibition at the Harley Gallery?| A．Recycled materials. | B．The covid -19 pandemic. |
| C．Wildlife sculptures. | D．The increasing fly-tipping. |
| A．To be environmentally-friendly. | B．To protect wildlife animals. |
| C．To love the sculpture art. | D．To improve creative ability. |
| A．A family survey. | B．A health magazine. |
| C．An environmental magazine. | D．A science guide. |
| A．Look at the art from another angle. | B．Explore the artistic talents in your life. |
| C．Wildlife sculptures made from rubbish. | D．A new way to live a sustainable life. |
7 . Every year, an average American produces more than 250 pounds of plastic waste. Recycling is part of the solution, but many of us are confused about what can be recycled and what can’t.
Plastic film
At the store we find it covering vegetables, meats and cheeses. It’s common, but it can’t be recycled because it’s hard to deal with at the MRF (材料回收厂). The thin and soft film gets stuck around the equipment and can bring it to a stop.
Plastic bags
Plastic bags — like those used for bread, sandwich as well as grocery bags — create similar problems for recycling machines as thin plastic film. Therefore, most of the plastic bags end up in landfills and oceans.
Yogurt and butter cups
These containers often mix with other kinds of materials. It’s not possible to separate them. In addition, this type of packaging flattens out on the MRF’s conveying belt and can bring the equipment to a stop, too.
Beverage (饮料) bottles
These containers are firm. They don’t flatten out like yogurt cups and they’re made from one kind of plastic that recyclers can easily sell for making products such as carpet, clothing or even more plastic bottles.
Warning: Be aware that we cannot recycle as much as we want. For example, plastic bottles are a highly desirable product for recyclers, but just about a third finds their way into the MRFs. Therefore, it’s more important for us to reduce packaging.
1. What do the first two kinds of packaging have in common?| A．They are used for the same products. | B．They are mixed with other materials |
| C．They are too thin and soft to be recycled. | D．They are usually recycled in special MRFs. |
| A．Plastic film. | B．Beverage bottles. | C．Plastic bags. | D．Yogurt and butter cups. |
| A．Reduce packaging. | B．Try to build more MRFs. |
| C．Use recyclable bags. | D．Separate the waste properly. |
8 . One of Switzerland’s most popular ski areas has been covering mountain areas with cloth material in an effort to reduce ice melt aver the summer.
Workers have
But the Swiss government has
Currently, the reflective material covers about 100,000 square meters, which is about the
Collected
| A．produced | B．placed | C．transported | D．folded |
| A．losing | B．gathering | C．forming | D．breaking |
| A．colorful | B．decorative | C．fragile | D．reflective |
| A．absorb | B．block | C．explore | D．defend |
| A．in | B．under | C．over | D．through |
| A．resulting from | B．referring to | C．leading to | D．benefiting from |
| A．profit | B．promise | C．threat | D．opportunity |
| A．pollution | B．climate | C．population | D．economy |
| A．maintain | B．consume | C．attract | D．reduce |
| A．determined | B．doubled | C．proposed | D．predicted |
| A．emerge | B．disappear | C．drift | D．expand |
| A．unless | B．whether | C．if | D．although |
| A．continually | B．thoroughly | C．occasionally | D．eventually |
| A．melted | B．left | C．polluted | D．removed |
| A．climbers | B．scientists | C．skiers | D．employees |
| A．After | B．Before | C．Till | D．During |
| A．leaves | B．ice | C．covers | D．rubbish |
| A．length | B．value | C．quantity | D．size |
| A．forward | B．out | C．back | D．down |
| A．wood | B．cloth | C．water | D．snow |
9 . There are few places on Earth that humans haven’t messed up. Now even Antarctica, the only continent with no permanent human inhabitants, is being altered by us. A study found that the increasing human presence in Antarctica is causing more snow melt-bad news for a frozen world already battling the effects of human-caused global warming.
Black carbon, the dark, dusty pollution that comes from burning fossil fuels has settled in locations where tourists and researchers spend a lot of time, scientists found. Even the smallest amount of the dark pollutant can have a significant impact on melting because of its very low reflectiveness: things that are light in color, like snow, reflect the sun's energy and stay cool; things that are dark, like black carbon, absorb the sun's energy and warm up.
“The snow albedo (反射率) effect is one of the largest uncertainties in regional and global climate modeling right now,” Alia Khan, a snow and ice scientist at Western Washington University, told CNN. “That’s one of the motivations for the study, to quantify the impact of black carbon on regional snowmelt, which is important for quantifying the role of black carbon in the global loss of snow and ice.”
“Antarctica is sitting there pretty much silently all year. But, if it weren’t there, in the state that it is meant to be, the balance that we have in the climate system will no longer be,” Marilyn Raphael, a geography professor said. “Antarctica’s sea ice is also important to maintain a balance in atmospheric circulation,” he added. As waters get warmer, some Antarctic creatures are finding their homes more and more unlivable.
“Everything we do has consequences,” Raphael said. “We need to educate ourselves about those consequences, especially in systems that we know relatively little about. We have to be careful that we don’t upset the climate balance.”
1. Why can the smallest amount of black carbon have huge impact on melting?| A．It is highly reflective. | B．Its dark colour absorbs heat. |
| C．It produces vast energy. | D．It causes much pollution. |
| A．To measure the impact of black carbon on melting. |
| B．To quantify the cost of battling against climate change. |
| C．To remove the uncertainties of global warming effects. |
| D．To urge people to pay more attention to melting problem. |
| A．The change caused by Antarctic melting. | B．The methods to stop Antarctic ice melting. |
| C．The significance of Antarctic being in its state. | D．The sufferings Antarctic creatures are experiencing. |
| A．Reduce tourist numbers. | B．Face the consequences. |
| C．Acquire professional education. | D．Stop disturbing the climate. |
10 . Most people don't think too much about chemicals， but actually they are all around us. Many substances consist of chemicals， including the air that we breathe and the water that we drink. Some chemicals are natural， but most of them are artificial and may be harmful to the human body.
In 2005， Hurricane Katrina struck the United States， so displaced people had to move into temporary housing. Later， some of them began experiencing headaches and nosebleeds due to Formaldehyde exposure. This chemical is commonly found in the glue that holds many household products. It was proved to cause cancer in 2011 and has been linked to an increase in allergies it children.
However，there is another choice: natural adhesives（黏合剂）. In particular， one is made from plants such as soy（豆类）proteins that have been changed to resemble the protein some shellfish use to stick to rocks. A natural adhesive is now widely used in wood products in the U.S. Other companies are also developing more natural alternatives to replace industrial chemicals. This is a part of the Green Chemistry philosophy.
Green Chemistry is a way of rethinking how to develop products and processes that are more environmentally-friendly and better for people's health. That includes reducing processing waste， using renewable materials. The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry lay out the goals of this approach. The first is prevention. It is better to prevent waste than to treat it or clean it up. Another principle encourages less dangerous chemical synthesis（化合）. Chemical reactions should be designed to be as safe as possible. Energy efficiency is encouraged as well as using chemicals made from renewable plant-based sources.
There are challenges in meeting and holding to the principles of Green Chemistry， but this will encourage new research and lead to the discovery of new chemistry.
1. Why does the author mentioned the incident that happened in 2005?| A．To make comparisons. | B．To prove a point. |
| C．To introduce a chemical. | D．To bring in the topic. |
| A．Wood from trees | B．Proteins from shellfish |
| C．Processed plant proteins. | D．Melted special rocks |
| A．The definition and purpose of Green Chemistry |
| B．How to make environmentally. friendly products |
| C．Ways to reduce the amount of waste in daily life |
| D．Reasons for promoting Green Chemistry in the world. |
| A．Wonderful but impractical |
| B．Challenging but inspiring |
| C．Admirable and popular. |
| D．Complex and discouraging |
