1 . Small-scale fisheries supply many people with food. Almost all of those in this trade rely on gillnets (刺网) to trap fish. But gillnets trap other things, for example, endangered animals such as turtles; dangerous ones, such as Humboldt squid; and ones that are both endangered and dangerous, such as several types of sharks. Everyone involved would be better off if this did not happen.
Building on studies done both by himself and by others, to try to avoid the accidental netting of turtles, Jesse Senko, a marine-conservation biologist at Arizona State University, has been investigating the idea of fitting LEDs (发光二极管) to nets to avoid netting other unwanted by-catch without discouraging target animals. And, as he reports in Current Biology, it seems to work.
Dr. Senko and his colleagues set up an experiment in the Gulf of Ulloa, in Mexico, in which they cooperated with local fisher folks to employ over 10,000 meters of net s that had had net s battery-powered waterproof green LEDs fitted onto them every ten meters. In half of the these, lights were lit. The other half were left unlit, as controls. Each lit net was paired with an unlit one, and the two were employed alongside one another at prime fishing locations. The fishers' target fish were large groupers. Dr. Senko was interested both in what else got caught and whether the lights decreased catches of the target species.
On the latter point, to his relief, they did not. On the former, the lit net s caught 95% fewer kilograms of shark-related species. In particular, several threatened species turned up less often in the lit than the unlit nets.
The advantage from the point of view of fisher folks was that they needed to spend a lot less time clearing these dangerous by-catches from their nets. And, crucially, the LEDs concerned are cheap, hard-wearing, and easy to fit. There are also plans to make them solar powered, for easy recharging. Here, then, is a conservation idea from which everyone wins.
1. What is the problem with gillnets?| A．They are costly to maintain. | B．They discourage target catches. |
| C．They need more time to be cleaned. | D．They trap unwanted by-catches. |
| A．The principle of the experiment. | B．The effect of the experiment. |
| C．The purpose of the experiment. | D．The process of the experiment. |
| A．The LEDs are easy to recharge. |
| B．Gillnets will soon be out of date. |
| C．Fitting LEDs to gillnets is a win-win idea. |
| D．Fisher folks benefit the most from the idea. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Hopeful. | C．Ambiguous. | D．Doubtful. |
2 . 全球水资源日益匮乏。假设你是校学生会主席李华，在3月22日“世界水日”来临之际，请你代表学生会向全校学生发出保护水资源的倡议。
内容包括：1. 倡议原因；
2. 保护措施。
注意：1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear fellow students,
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The Students’ Union
3 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What was the weather like in the town in the past week?| A．Hot and dry. | B．Cool and dry. | C．Hot and wet. |
| A．They run into people. | B．They bite people. | C．They attack animals. |
| A．The food waste. | B．The street lights. | C．The warm sunlight. |
| A．Successful. | B．Worrying. | C．Unpleasant. |
4 . Omar Vazquez grew up in poverty on Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula. He watched his single mother struggle to put food on the table, and today the memory inspires him to help those in need. When an invasive (入侵的) seaweed called sargassum showed up on Mexico’s Caribbean beaches, Omar looked past the matter of it all and saw an opportunity to help others.
Sargassum is not dangerous, but it has an unpleasant smell and can become so thick that it keeps people from entering the water. Mexico has experienced record-setting amounts of the seaweed in recent years, and it has made its way to Florida’s beaches as well. Experts say there could be as much as 100 tons of sargassum blocking Mexican shorelines in 2023.
With tourism dollars at risk, officials and locals alike were eager to remove the seaweed, but only Omar saw its true potential. The professional gardener organized a beach cleanup that provided jobs for about 300 local families, but he knew there was more to do. Since people’s attitude towards the seaweed reminded him of his own life experiences, he decided to become an agent (推动者) for change.
When sargassum started arriving, everyone was complaining. “I wanted to make something good out of something everyone saw as bad,” Omar explained.
In 2018, Omar found a way to turn sargassum into building blocks that he calls Sargablock. He creates these blocks by mixing 40% sargassum with other materials like clay, then putting them in a block-forming machine and baking them in the sun for days. The end result is an organic, sustainable, and ecologically friendly building material that experts say could last for 120 years.
To date, Omar’s company, Bluegreen Mexico, has used 700 tons of sargassum to build low-income housing for those in need. Omar said he would take on more projects, and donate more houses to single mothers like his own mom.
1. What can be learned from paragraph 1?| A．Omar’s family often assisted people in need. |
| B．Sargassum originated on the Caribbean beaches. |
| C．Omar’s experience in childhood has influenced him much. |
| D．Omar has met a lot of generous people since he was young. |
| A．They didn’t take it seriously. | B．They were anxious to clear it up. |
| C．They viewed it as new materials. | D．They were excited to see a grand scene. |
| A．Honest and ambitious. | B．Strong-willed and confident. |
| C．Quick-thinking and humorous. | D．Sympathetic and innovative. |
| A．It’s never too old to learn. | B．Love shines every dark corner. |
| C．Solutions can be obtained from problems. | D．Heroes arise from humble beginnings. |
1. What happened to the speakers?
| A．They lost their computers. |
| B．They suffered from a big storm. |
| C．They failed to graduate. |
| A．Amy’s neighbour. | B．Amy’s mother. | C．Jack’s neighbour. |
| A．By posting online. | B．By calling the police. | C．By going to the insurance company. |
| A．In July. | B．In August. | C．In September. |
1.当前现状；
2.提出倡议；
3.其他。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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7 . The goal of the “clean ＆ Green” home recycling initiative (倡议) is to assist households in reducing their environmental footprint by providing step-by-step instructions on effective recycling practices.
Understanding Recycling Types
Plastics: These include bottles, containers and other packaging materials. Always clean plastics before recycling to avoid pollution.
paper: Newspapers, magazines, and cardboard are recyclable. However, soiled or wet paper should be discarded as regular waste.
Glass: Bottles and jars of all colors can be recycled. Ensure they are free of food waste.
Metals: Common recyclables are aluminum cans and tin foil (锡纸). Remove any food waste before disposal.
Steps for Effective Home Recycling
Collection: Use separate bins for each type. Mark containers to avoid confusion.
Preparation: As mentioned above, clean the items. This prevents waste and increases the recyclability of the materials.
Storage: Avoid overfilling recycling bins. Overpacked bins might lead to improper sorting at recycling facilities.
Drop-off: If your city doesn’t offer roadside pickup locate your nearest recycling drop-off point.
Stay Informed: Recycling guidelines can change. Regularly check city websites for “clean ＆ Green” updates.
Recycling DOs and DON’Ts
DO: encourage neighbors and friends to adopt recycling habits;
invest in composting (堆肥) if possible; it’s another great way to reduce waste;
DON’T: mix different types in one bin;
recycle dangerous or electronic waste with regular recyclables;
Benefits of Recycling:
Reduces landfill (垃圾填埋) waste.
Conserves natural resources and energy.
Prevents pollution by reducing the need for raw materials.
Supports public health by minimizing exposure to harmful things.
Join the “clean ＆ Green” initiative today and play your part in creating a bright future for the next generations!
1. The primary goal of the “clean ＆ Green” initiative is to ______.| A．sell recycling bins | B．encourage composting |
| C．update recycling guidelines frequently | D．reduce households’ environmental footprints |
| A．Paper. | B．Metals. | C．Plastics. | D．Glass. |
| A．It’s important to stay updated on recycling guidelines. |
| B．Electronic waste can be recycled with regular recyclables. |
| C．You should mix different types in one bin to save space. |
| D．Wet paper is preferred for recycling as it’s easier to process. |
8 . 听下面一段对话，根据所听内容填空。
Not just the river, but they also pollute
9 . What are the speakers talking about?
| A．Air pollution. | B．Water pollution. | C．Ocean pollution. |
1. What should people put in the green dustbins?
| A．Waste paper. | B．Plastic bottles. | C．Glass. |
| A．Once a day. | B．Once a week. | C．Twice a week. |
| A．Sofas. | B．Fridges. | C．Pianos. |
| A．Talk to someone. | B．Play some music. | C．Answer the phone. |
