1 . On December 26, 2004, a 10-minute-long earthquake with a 9.3 magnitude took place in the Indian Ocean. This earthquake, which is the third _______ ever recorded in history, caused powerful tsunamis (海啸) that reached many countries’ _______. About 230,000 people were _______ by the disaster. Hundreds of thousands of others were injured _______ disappeared. One of them is a little _______ named Wati.

The tsunami _______ her hometown of Aceh when she was only 3 years old. Like so many others, the huge waves separated her from her family, and she was _______ to an unknown town. After days of _______, her family eventually gave up and thought she had _______.

However, Wati had been ________ by a stranger who found her on the street after the tsunami. The stranger had tried to find her family, but Wati could not ________ the names of her parents and only knew that she had a grandfather named Ibraham.

________ later, a taxi driver who heard Wati’s story happened to know an old man with that name in a nearby town and decided to take her to him. Although the old man did not ________ her at first, he took Wati to see his ________.

“When I saw my mother, I knew it was her,” said the 15-year-old Wati. “I just knew.”

The parents recognized their daughter ________ because of the birthmark on the body.

1.

A．weakest

B．strongest

C．quickest

D．deepest

2.

A．castles

B．parks

C．goals

D．shores

3.

A．frightened

B．saved

C．killed

D．helped

4.

A．or

B．and

C．but

D．so

5.

A．boy

B．pet

C．girl

D．town

6.

A．hit

B．cut

C．pushed

D．missed

7.

A．sold

B．washed(冲走)

C．invited

D．asked

8.

A．wait

B．walk

C．fight

D．search

9.

A．died

B．won

C．run away

D．checked in

10.

A．hidden

B．rescued

C．bought

D．refused

11.

A．write

B．show

C．remember

D．see

12.

A．Days

B．Weeks

C．Months

D．Years

13.

A．know

B．recognize

C．want

D．understand

14.

A．daughter

B．mother

C．son

D．father

15.

A．anxiously

B．calmly

C．officially

D．immediately

2 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the speaker mainly talking about?

A．The destruction from a hurricane.

B．The ways to survive a hurricane.

C．Her experience of a nature disaster.

2. Where did the speaker move things from the yard?

A．Into the basement.

B．Into the garage.

C．Into the storeroom.

3. What was the speed of the wind most of the time?

A．About 80 miles an hour.

B．About 90 miles an hour.

C．About 100 miles an hour.

4. How did her husband feel during the hurricane?

A．Anxious.

B．Scared.

C．Calm.

4 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Earthquakes are one of the most destructive natural disasters. They can happen just about anywhere. Earthquakes cannot be stopped,     1     your chances of survival are much better if you know what     2     (do) when an earthquake strikes.

If you are in     3     building, drop, cover, and hold on. This     4     (be) the national standard for earthquake safety in the United States. The advice is to get next     5     a strong piece of furniture (家具) so that if a wall falls, it will create something     6     (call) the “triangle of life” to help you survive. Use your     7     (hand) and arms to protect your vital areas like your head and neck. Do not move     8     (immediate) unless it is safe to do so.

Remember that aftershocks are possible at any time and are     9     (likely) after a bigger earthquake. Take good care of     10     (you) when you leave the building.

5 . The world’s coral reefs do more for the planet than provide underwater beauty. They protect shorelines from the effects of hurricanes. An estimated 500 million people earn their livelihood from the fishing stocks and tourism opportunities reefs provide. The tiny animals that give rise to reefs are even offering hope for new drugs to treat cancer and other diseases.

Despite their importance, warming waters, pollution, ocean acidification, overfishing, and physical destruction are killing coral reefs around the world. So now scientists around the world are looking for all kinds of ways to protect and maybe even revive(复苏) corals. In the Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago’s Shedd Aquarium, is focusing on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He recently published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that seemed to survive an intense 2015 heat wave, and one that didn’t.“It sets the stage to find out which genes are responsible for thermal tolerance,” says Cunning, adding that he hopes discovering those genes will help scientists one day breed more heat-tolerant coral.

In Massachusetts, Cohen’s research has found two key elements that seem to protect corals. The first: internal(内部的) waves beneath the ocean’s surface that bring cooler currents to heat-struck corals, essentially air-conditioning them as temperatures rise. The second: adaptation, a quality that corals found in Palau’s warm lagoons(环礁湖) seem to display.On average, these lagoons submerge(淹没) coral in water that is two degrees Celsius warmer than the water outside the lagoons. “We think the fact that they can deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genetics and allows them to deal with the heat waves.”

She’s also found evidence of corals evolving more quickly in the past two decades to withstand rapidly warming temperatures. The big question scientists are now enquiring into, says Cohen, is whether there’s a cap on how much more heat corals can adapt to. Cohen calls these regions with heat-adapted corals as “super reefs,” and like Friendlander, advocates for using marine reserves to protect them.

1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A．The protection for coral reefs

B．The great value of coral reefs.

C．The benefits for tourism from coral reefs.

D．The relationship between animals and coral reefs.

2. What can be inferred from Cunning’s coral research?

A．Cooling down the waters is the key to their success.

B．Some corals have been genetically improved successfully.

C．He expects to identify the genes of the heat-tolerant corals.

D．Some corals that survived 2015 heat wave surprised people.

3. What is the focus of the study to save corals according to Cohen?

A．How corals survive in the warm lagoons.

B．What are the key elements to protect corals.

C．How they can use natural reserves to protect corals.

D．What is the high temperature limit of the surviving corals.

4. Which section is the text probably taken from?

A．Science.

B．Environment.

C．Animal.

D．Climate.

9 . Researchers and environmentalists have been pushing for clean energy, as well, contending with the rising threat of climate change. An increasingly researched renewable resource is called Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), in which the sea’s temperature variations are used to produce power. On the surface of the ocean, the temperatures are much warmer compared to the seafloor. It gets considerably colder the deeper you go because the sunlight cannot reach the bottom. These temperature differences are most noticeable in the summer when the sun is present for a majority of the hours of the day. To put it simply, OTEC uses a series of pipes that take the cooler water out in the depths of the ocean. The warm water on the ocean’s surface helps heat the cool water, which then vaporizes (蒸发) a fluid, and as a result, turns a turbine (涡轮机) to produce electricity.

Three types of ocean heat renewable energy systems are being developed and researched. An OTEC closed-cycle is perhaps the most common and well-researched, consisting of a condenser (冷凝器), evaporator, pumps, turbine and generator. There are also open systems and hybrid systems.

Systems work by pumping the warmer surface water through an evaporator containing a working fluid with a low boiling point, such as ammonia. Once the fluid vaporizes, it is used to drive a turbine and generator. From there, the vaporized fluid turns back into a liquid through a condenser, cooled by the cold, deep ocean water that pumps up from the depths. The OTEC systems that use seawater can use condensation to make water without salt.

OTEC systems need to place technology about 1 kilometer below the surface of the water. The cold water intake pipe is in the deepest area, and the piping where warm water enters is above sea level. The pumps are needed to move warm water into the system, and a heat exchanger is required to evaporate the fluid. Condensers condense the steam produced in the system, and a marker keeps the entire system afloat.

Energy is essential for almost all human activities. If the world wants to avoid an energy crisis, people need to begin relying on renewable energy. Fortunately, the three types of OTEC can provide energy for large populations.

1. What does OTEC technology depend mainly on to generate renewable power?

A．The depths of the ocean.	B．The vast surface of the ocean.
C．Seawater’s temperature differences.	D．The hot temperature in the summer.

2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．The principle of OTEC technology.

B．The progress of OTEC technology.

C．The importance of the renewable energy systems.

D．The differences among the renewable energy systems.

3. What can we learn about OTEC technology from paragraph 4?

A．The heat exchanger can produce power.

B．The cold water pipe is in the depths of the sea.

C．The deeper in the ocean, the better the technology is.

D．The warm water needs evaporating in a condenser.

4. What is more likely to be discussed in the following paragraph?

A．The energy crisis in the future.

B．The bad influence of human activities.

C．The benefits of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion.

D．The popularity of other renewable energy sources.

10 . Nuclear pollution has long been a global concern, with major accidents like those at Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima highlighting the serious health and environmental risks associated with nuclear disasters. These incidents not only caused immediate health issues such as radiation sickness and increased cancer rates but also led to long-term environmental damage and genetic mutations in affected populations. Consequently, nuclear pollution remains a significant worry for governments, academics, and society worldwide.

When nuclear accidents occur near coastlines, the marine environment becomes a key point due to the vital role oceans play in climate regulation, food security, and supporting billions of livelihoods globally. In recent years, escalating threats to marine ecosystems from mounting ocean pollution have spurred increased public awareness of marine environmental protection. Studies have shown that human activities pose a significant threat to marine environments, emphasizing the need for improved environmental governance and measures to address environmental risks.

Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, efforts to cool the reactors by injecting seawater led to the accumulation of a vast amount of nuclear waste within the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant’s water storage tower. Despite attempts to manage this waste, the Japanese government’s decision to discharge nearly 1.26 million tons of nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean over the next 40 years has faced opposition from neighboring countries, Japanese residents, and international environmental organizations.

This discharge poses substantial risks to marine life, fisheries, and human health. Radioactive isotopes (放射性同位素) such as tritium, carbon-14, cobalt-60, and strontium-90 present in the wastewater can accumulate in marine organisms, ultimately affecting human populations through the food chain. Therefore, further research and mitigation measures to address the wide-ranging consequences of nuclear pollution on the environment and human health are urgently needed.

In conclusion, while nuclear power may offer benefits, the potential risks, as highlighted by incidents like Fukushima, underscore the importance of stringent safety measures and thorough consideration of environmental impacts.

1. What are three major nuclear accidents mentioned in the passage?

A．Fukushima, Hiroshima, Nagasaki

B．Chernobyl, Fukushima, Hiroshima

C．Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, Fukushima

D．Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, Nagasaki

2. Why is the marine environment a vital point in the context of nuclear accidents?

A．Because marine life is directly affected by nuclear pollution.

B．Because marine environments are more vulnerable to radiation.

C．Because marine pollution exacerbates the impact of nuclear disasters.

D．Because oceans play a significant role in regulating climate and supporting livelihoods.

3. What is the likely reason for the opposition to discharging nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean?

A．Concerns about potential economic benefits

B．Fear of increased fishing restrictions

C．Possible risks to marine life and human health

D．Lack of available technology for wastewater treatment

4. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?

A．The potential risks to marine life and human health.

B．The present research and mitigation measures.

C．The environmental and social consequences of nuclear accidents.

D．The opposition from neighboring countries and environmental organizations.