2 . My name is Miranda Gibson. I have been at the top of a tree for five months now. Some people might wonder________on earth I would choose to do that.

I have walked through this forest many times. On December 12, 2011, ________rolled into the forest and the destruction (摧毁) began. I couldn’t________the thought that these forests would be________ forever. So, on December 14, 2011, I packed up my life, ________of my job plans, and climbed 60 meters to the top of this tree. I have been here ever since.

Life in the tree top can be________at times. I have times when I feel frustrated (沮丧的) and wish I could________, to anywhere, just have a ________of scenery for a minute! There are times too, when I feel terribly________.I miss my friends and family.________these times, I find myself loving the________.

Living on the tree has been inspiring. I am willing to________ here for as long as it takes,________I honestly hope it won’t be too________before I can put my feet on the ground below and stand in a forest that will never be________.

1.

A．why

B．when

C．how

D．where

2.

A．water

B．animals

C．machinery

D．tourists

3.

A．bear

B．help

C．keep

D．spare

4.

A．sold

B．stolen

C．protected

D．lost

5.

A．grew out

B．fell short

C．ran out

D．let go

6.

A．refreshing

B．risky

C．challenging

D．rewarding

7.

A．get up

B．get away

C．give in

D．give up

8.

A．change

B．look

C．search

D．touch

9.

A．confused

B．nervous

C．sorry

D．lonely

10.

A．Beyond

B．Without

C．Despite

D．Unlike

11.

A．height

B．experience

C．background

D．position

12.

A．return

B．stop

C．stay

D．hide

13.

A．but

B．though

C．because

D．so

14.

A．soon

B．long

C．near

D．bad

15.

A．moved

B．logged

C．burned

D．missed

3 . 假定你是李华，David是你的美国笔友。他对中国鼓励使用环保购物袋很感兴趣，来信向你询问此事。请你给他写封回信。主要内容如下：
◇感谢他的关注。
◇简要介绍相关情况。
◇谈谈你的感想。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P. S. 81, in the Bronx. “He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution,” his dad, Jonathan Cane, told Runner’s World. So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry, taking the stairs instead of elevators, and other “green” measures.

“For much of kindergarten and first grade I rode my bike to Simon’s school with him on the back,” Jonathan said. “We had a lot of fun being outdoors. We’d stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it.” As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn’t practical for him to ride on his father’s back, but it also didn’t make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon’s bike. So, most of the time they drove the 1. 5 miles to school.

But in 2019, when Simon was going into third grade, the 8-year-old came up with a new way to help the planet: running the 1. 5 miles to P. S. 81. And Jonathan promised his son he’d join him for as long as he wanted.

“We did a test run one day in August, and decided to give it a go. To be honest, I thought he’d blink (眨眼)after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did,” Jonathan said. He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad. “It’s really raining out there today,” he told Simon. “And Simon said, ‘Well then we’re going to get wet!’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.”

Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in. They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”.

1. What makes Simon different from his classmates?

A．Washing his clothes by himself.	B．Taking many classes after school.
C．Raising strange questions in class.	D．Taking green measures to protect the environment.

2. How did Simon usually go to school in second grade?

A．By car.

B．By cycling.

C．By running.

D．By school bus.

3. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?

A．Simon has trouble with his eyesight.	B．Simon is really stubborn and inflexible.
C．Simon is much tougher than expected.	D．Simon didn’t get support from his father.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．The Best Way to Go to School

B．Father and Son Run for the Environment

C．A Teenager Keeps Running to Inspire Father

D．Three Inspiring Running Athletes to Protect the Environment

5 . Beijing is introducing mandatory(强制性的)garbage sorting rules in public spaces such as "schools, hospitals, business office buildings, and tourist sites." The mandatory garbage sorting rules would gradually cover the entire city said Beijing Deputy Mayor Zhang Jiaming. By the end of 2019, 60 percent of the city will have garbage sorting areas. Residential areas will have garbage bins equipped with scales and waste identification devices.“We will set up a mechanism that garbage trucks can refuse to transfer trash if it is not classified,” Zhang said. （找出中心句）

6 . Shark attacks can be deadly, but they are not common. Each year, sharks usually kill fewer than 10 people worldwide, and about 100 people     1     (injure). You are more likely to be attacked in parts of the sea     2     tourists throw in food to bring in sharks. However, people are dangerous to sharks, too. 60 million sharks are killed     3     food and medicine every year. As a result, some kinds of sharks may die out completely.     4     (protect) these wonderful animals, some countries have made programs to help them survive.

7 . Tips for Green Travel with Kids

Traveling doesn’t mean letting go of all the eco-friendly choices we work so hard to achieve in our daily life. Here are a few tips for green travel with kids:

Booking nonstop flights whenever possible will reduce carbon emissions (碳排放). If the closest local airport doesn’t have nonstop flights to a certain place, check in with other local airports to see if nonstop flights are available.    1    

Whether you’re flying or driving, it’s easy when traveling to pull into fast food restaurants for snacks.    2    My kids love to help plan snacks. I let them create their own snacks for the trip at home.

Reusable water bottles are easy to bring along whenever you travel. At the airport, keep your reusable bottles empty until you have passed through the security (安检).    3    Single-use plastic water bottles create unnecessary waste and the plastic can be harmful to your health.

    4    Open a few windows and turn off the air conditioner. You should also help your children keep their good, green habits from home to place while traveling. Sometimes vacation can mean more than one shower each day — once in the morning and again after getting out of the pool. Pay attention to the number of showers and the length of showers.    5    

A．Too much carbon emissions seriously pollute the environment.

B．But you can pack healthy food before starting off.

C．In this way, you can save water and energy.

D．Fill them up on the other side of the security checkpoint.

E．Security check is a necessary part of each trip.

F．Save energy by turning off the hotel room lights when you head out for the day.

G．You might have to drive a bit further, but saving on carbon emissions makes it worthwhile.

8 . Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage.     1    .

“We’re being overwhelmed(淹没) by our waste,”said Jenna Jambeck, an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number.     2    , unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.

Plastic—a widely-used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today, plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit that organizes an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide, said plastic waste makes up around 85 percent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.

Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten(威胁)at least 600 different wildlife species(物种).     3    ; a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. A research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.

    4    . At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea liter as part of UN Environment's CleanSeas campaign.     5    Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic products—and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.

A．The following is what we should do

B．And it’s not just wildlife that’s threatened

C．And this figure is likely to double by 2025

D．But it’s not just countries that need to do their part

E．By 2050,that figure is expected to rise to 1000 pieces

F．That’s how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year

G．All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems

9 . It was a lifesaving task as thrilling as any in the months-long battle against the wildfires that have torn through the Australian bush. But instead of a race to save humans or animals, a specialized team of Australian firefighters was bent on saving invaluable plant life: hidden groves (树林) of the Wollemi pine, a prehistoric tree species.

Wollemi pines peaked in abundance 34 million to 65 million years ago, before a steady decline. Today, only 200 of the trees exist in their natural environment. The trees are so rare that they were thought to die out until 1994. That’s the year when David Noble, an officer with the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service, came across a grove of large trees he didn’t recognize.

Noble brought back a few branches and showed them to other biologists and botanists. A month later, Noble returned to the grove with some scientists. It was then that they realized what they had found: “a prehistoric tree species that has outlived the dinosaurs.” the American Scientist explains. So when Australia’s wildfires started burning toward Wollemi National Park in recent weeks, firefighters from the parks and wildlife service put a carefully planned operation into action.

Large air tankers dropped fire retardant (阻燃剂) around the pines. Firefighters set up an irrigation (灌溉) system around the trees to keep them wet. “If the fire did go through, we wanted it to be a cool burn as opposed to a hot burn to give them the best chance of survival,” Kean said. The fire did sweep through the groves where these trees have somehow survived for millions of years. For a few days, the smoke was so thick that it wasn’t clear whether the plan had worked. At last the smoke eased off. A few trees had been burned by the flames, and two died. But the efforts had paid off. “Finally,” Kean said, “we were able to get in there and see that, thank goodness, the trees were saved.”

1. What do we know about Wollemi pines?

A．Scientists searched for them in the wild.

B．They used to grow in parts of Australia.

C．There were a considerable number of them long ago.

D．Firefighters and biologists cooperated to keep them alive.

2. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “outlived” in Paragraph 3?

A．been superior to.	B．been related to.
C．died earlier than.	D．existed longer than.

3. What can be learned from the last paragraph?

A．It was cool to drop retardant over the fire.

B．It wasn’t clear whether the trees were saved.

C．It helped the trees survive to keep them wet.

D．It worked best for the trees to keep a hot burn.

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A．An investigation into Wollemi pines.

B．A hard-won battle against the wildfires.

C．Constructing a firefighting system for the trees.

D．Saving world’s rare pine species from wildfires.

10 . The victims were carried in one by one,their paws and fur burned,suffering from dehydration(脱 水）and fear.Their caretakers____their wounds,and ___them in baskets with the only thing that was___---the leaves of eucalyptus(桉树）tree.As miserable fires have.___more than 2 million acres in Australia,only dozens of koalas have been ___from the smoky trees and __ ground.

Koalas,unlike kangaroos,birds or snakes,do not ___.from fires but instead climb trees to the top,where they can curl themselves into a ball for __ and wait for the danger to ___

But during big fires,such as those that have burned in recent weeks,the animals are far less likely to_____Even if the fire itself does not reach the tree___ ,the animals may over heat and fall to the ground,where they can be burned to death.

The tough situation of the koala has raised ___among scientists and conservationists(环保主义者）。While koalas have developed to exist alongside the wildfires,they are facing new ___,not just from climate change but also from human development,which has dislocated Koalas' populations,___their ability to survive fires.

We have these __ animals not found anywhere else on this planet,and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.

1.

A．touched

B．treated

C．ignored

D．discovered

2.

A．threw

B．locked

C．laid

D．forced

3.

A．familiar

B．plentiful

C．beautiful

D．expensive

4.

A．reached

B．left

C．burned

D．trapped

5.

A．killed

B．recognized

C．hurt

D．rescued

6.

A．flat

B．black

C．broad

D．safe

7.

A．escape

B．die

C．suffer

D．rise

8.

A．balance

B．protection

C．challenge

D．comfort

9.

A．attack

B．come

C．pass

D．avoid.

10.

A．jump

B．climb

C．fall

D．survive

11.

A．top

B．leaves

C．trunk

D．root

12.

A．passion

B．concern

C．fear

D．interest

13.

A．chances

B．choices

C．neighbors

D．threats

14.

A．weakening

B．developing

C．enriching

D．ensuring

15.

A．lonely

B．stupid

C．lazy

D．unique