1 . A sand storm often takes place in the northern China,     1    is a kind of natural disasters. China usually experiences this kind of weather between February and May, while March and April see the most frequent and the     2     (strong) sand storms. It becomes a very important environmental problem. It does lots of harm     3    the society as well as the environment.Firstly, the strong wind destroys soil and plant cover by     4     (bury)fields with sand and dust. Secondly, by leaving too much dust in the air it will     5     (serious) pollute the air. Thirdly, a sand storm will have     6    bad effect on transportation. The dust in the air makes traffic and aircraft movements more difficult. And when the sand buries the roads, the traffic will     7     (block). When plants in the farmland are buried, food supply will lose.

Sand storms are another     8     (punish) nature gives to mankind. We should not only take effective measures     9     (stop) them, but also draw some     10     (lesson) from them. We should not develop the economy (经济) at the cost of the natural environment.

2 . Conservationists are breeding (饲养) lions in the Southern African nation of Zimbabwe. The wildlife experts hope to increase the lion population to keep the great cats from _______.

In some areas, lions and human beings are _______ control of land. Researchers believe something must be done quickly to _______ the animals.

The African Lion and Environmental Research Trust (ALERT) has more than 100 _______ in its breeding program. Antelope Park Farm is one of two sites ALERT operates in Zimbabwe.

Gary Jones heads the Antelope Park Farm. He says ALERT has become involved _______ a sharp drop in the number of lions. His group believes this has been _______ mainly by humans. There are more people moving to this area every year. The lions have _______ land on which to live.

Gary Jones says the decrease in the lion population affects the whole _______. He adds that other African nations are also seeing the _______ effects of this.

There are countries,________ in central and north Africa, where the lion population has reached a(n)________ level. Burundi, a country of east-central Africa, for instance, does not have lions in its national parks. It ________ wants to have lions reintroduced back into its national parks. The reason is that when you take the lion out of the equation (平衡) , suddenly you get all ________ things start happening with the balance of ________. For example, you get too many prey (猎物) species, like giraffes and zebras.

The United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization says ________ animals are threatened when farmers try to ________ their plants or animals.

Rene Czudek works for the UN agency. He says his organization has ________ a human-wildlife tool kit (成套工具) that some countries are using to reduce ________ between human and wildlife. “In fact the tool kit is a kind of instrument that extension workers can use with the ________—explain to them how wildlife behaves, and then show them what the risky behaviors are, and how they should ________ their fields accordingly,” Mr. Czudek said.

1.

A．disappearing

B．attacking

C．changing

D．arriving

2.

A．waiting for

B．cheering for

C．competing for

D．looking for

3.

A．train

B．observe

C．catch

D．save

4.

A．giraffes

B．lions

C．zebras

D．antelopes

5.

A．instead of

B．because of

C．in place of

D．in spite of

6.

A．known

B．studied

C．caused

D．prevented

7.

A．less

B．worse

C．more

D．better

8.

A．environment

B．background

C．industry

D．position

9.

A．immediate

B．possible

C．magical

D．disastrous

10.

A．usually

B．finally

C．gradually

D．particularly

11.

A．acceptable

B．worrying

C．reasonable

D．necessary

12.

A．frequently

B．simply

C．naturally

D．desperately

13.

A．small

B．similar

C．strange

D．ideal

14.

A．nature

B．body

C．power

D．trade

15.

A．live

B．wild

C．large

D．trapped

16.

A．protect

B．move

C．use

D．improve

17.

A．put up with

B．caught up with

C．come up with

D．kept up with

18.

A．pressure

B．distance

C．speed

D．conflict

19.

A．farmers

B．workers

C．gardeners

D．experts

20.

A．clear

B．water

C．find

D．plan

3 . Imagine possessing something that you loved so much. Imagine what it would feel like if you lost it. While that item may be something as simple as a doll, you would still feel very upset, but you could replace it with a new one. Now imagine losing something that you depend on for survival and cannot be replaced. That is what it would be like if we lost the natural environment around us.

Firstly, I believe the environment should be preserved because it supports human life. One of the largest examples is that we get all of our food and drinks in the environment. If the environment were to be destroyed beyond revival, then the human race would be over in months. Scientists have yet to find another planet with similar conditions to the Earth, and if it’s found, we don’t have the technology to get to that planet on time.

Secondly, I believe that the environment serves as an amazing educational tool for students. When I was in second grade, I had an absolute interest in animals. When we had a field trip to the Daggerwing Nature Center, I was very excited. When we got there, I could hardly believe what I was seeing. There was a bridge to get to the main building, and under the bridge was a small swamp(沼泽) with turtles, fish, and my personal favorite, alligators. I was so surprised that I almost ran into the tour guide. We walked into the building and saw various animals in their habitats. I was so inspired by this visit. Six years later, I have taken an animal behavior class for three weeks. Meeting by chance with the environment can inspire people, and if preserved it will continue to inspire people.

In conclusion, the environment is so valuable because it can’t be replaced, keeps us alive, and serves as a great educational tool.

1. The first paragraph leads to the theme of the text by______.

A．analyzing causes	B．presenting differences
C．showing similarities	D．describing a process

2. What does the underlined word "revival" in the paragraph 2 mean?

A．Health.	B．Activity.
C．Recovery.	D．Revision.

3. Why did the author take a class on animal behavior?

A．Because he thought it a promising subject.

B．Because he wanted to be an animal expert.

C．Because his teacher encouraged him to do so.

D．Because he was inspired by animals he once saw.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Which Planet Can Replace the Earth

B．Why the Environment Is So Important

C．What People Can Do to Stop Pollution

D．How People Should Protect the Environment

4 . The Eurotunnel is a tunnel(隧道) which crosses the Channel under the sea, linking France and the UK. It is about 50.5 km long and 38km lies under the seabed. There are trains which carry passengers and cars, and others which carry carriages or other heavier vehicles(车辆), as well as goods.

The construction of the tunnel started in 1986, with a cost of almost 10 billion pounds. It was opened in 1994 but was not financially successful until 2007, because of the high interest rates (利率) the company had to pay the banks, as well as low earnings from passengers and goods.

The Eurotunnel is a very convenient way of traveling between the two countries as the journey is quick (less than one hour), cheap, and comfortable. You can go with your car, motorbike or bike. The tunnel operates every day, round the clock. At the busiest times there are up to three shuttle departures (班次) per hour. There are facilities(设施)for disabled passengers and for babies at the two terminals (终点站).

The Eurotunnel, also commonly known as the Channel Tunnel, Eurochannel and Eurochunnel is environmentally friendly. It perfects its sources of energy through its use of renewable energy with the result that, by 2008, it had reduced its greenhouse gas emissions(排量) by 45%. In addition, 50% of the waste produced is recycled.

The future of the Eurotunnel seems promising, although some people who have the fear of enclosed(与外界隔绝的)spaces will never use this type of transportation. There have been some problems with snow storms like the one in the winter of the 2009 which have made the services stop for a period of time, leaving passengers in the tunnel for more than 15 hours without light, heating, food or drink, inside an unmoving train under the sea. Some of the passengers reacted very badly and decided not to use this means of transport again.

1. Why was the Eurotunnel not financially successful at first? ______.

A．It was free for passing trains

B．Many people disliked it

C．Its operating cost was very high

D．It was heavily in debt

2. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? ______.

A．The wonderful design of the Eurotunnel

B．A traveling guide to the Eurotunnel

C．The advantages of the Eurotunnel

D．An introduction of the Eurotunnel’s equipment

3. We can learn from the text that the Eurotunnel ______.

A．used environmentally friendly energy

B．was completely built under the seabed

C．was designed for passenger trains only

D．operated successfully without any accident

4. What is the author’s attitude towards the Eurotunnel? ______.

A．Cautious	B．Optimistic
C．Negative	D．Doubtful

5 . 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信询问你的家乡是否有雾霾天气，情况如何。请你按照以下提示给他回一封e-mail. 内容如下：
1. 由于大气污染程度十分严重，自去年年底以来发生数次雾霾天气。
2. 人们已经意识到雾霾天气的危害，正在采取各种措施减少其发生。
3. 你在日常生活中打算为此做些什么。
要求：
1.参考词汇：雾霾haze；雾霾天气 hazy weather
2.词数在100词左右。开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
I’m glad to receive your letter, and thank you for your caring for the weather and my health. Now I’d like to tell you something about the haze.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

6 . No one knows for sure when a fire will happen, so it is     1    (extreme) necessary to make preparations before a fire starts. Check the fire escape equipment in advance and make sure that you can find    2    in the dark when lights have failed. Find out     3    the nearest fire extinguisher(灭火器) is and read the instructions to learn how     4    (use) it.
Don’t lose your head when a fire breaks out. First, telephone the fire department immediately when     5    fire just gets started. Take care not to be overcome by smoke,    6    can kill you quickly. Cover your mouth     7    a wet towel or cloth, and avoid getting into the smoke. Don’t get in an elevator, as you may get trapped if the electricity     8    (fail). If you can not get away     9    yourself, it is of great importance to hang something out of the window to attract attention as a sign of asking for help.
In short, if you make preparations before hand and take precautions(预防措施) during the fire, chances are that     10    will survive in case of a fire if it really breaks out some day.

7 . One reaction to all the concern about tropical deforestation(砍伐森林) is a blank stare that asks the question, "Since I don't live there, what does it have to do with me?"
The answer is that your way of life, wherever you live in the world, is tied to the tropics in many ways. If you live in a house, wash your hair, eat fruits and vegetables, drink soda, or drive a car, you can be certain that you are affected by the loss of tropical forests.
Take rubber（橡胶） for example. For many uses, only natural rubber from trees will do. Synthetics are not good enough. Today over half the world's commercial（商业的）rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia, while the Amazon's rubber industry produces much of the world's four million tons. And rubber is an important material in making gloves, balloons, footwear and many sporting goods. Thousands of other tropical plants are valuable for their industrial use.
Many scientists strongly believe that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effect—or heating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As we destroy forests, we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.
Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next half-century, warming the earth by as much as 4.5 degrees. The result? A partial melt-down of polar ice caps, raising sea levels as much as 24 feet; even 15 feet could threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast. Unbelievable? Maybe. But scientists warn that by the time we realize the severe effects of tropical deforestation, it will be 20 years too late.
Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday lives? Now, you should have got the answer.
1. The underlined word "synthetics" probably means a kind of __________.

A．natural rubber	B．tropical grass
C．man-made material	D．tropical tree

2. In the last paragraph the author tries to _________.

A．tell people how to avoid the tropical deforestation

B．show us how important it is to protect the tropical forests

C．persuade people to buy something synthetic

D．let people realize the good effect of tropical deforestation

3. The author's attitude towards the tropical deforestation is __________.

A．puzzling	B．cold
C．supporting	D．opposed

8 . A new report says plastics are responsible for $13 billion in damage to the oceans and the undersea environment. The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference.     1    

Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways.    2    After a while, it collects in the sea. And plastic never goes away. Plastic is not biodegradable — destroyed by bacteria or natural processes. Instead, it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time. The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants.    3    That means harmful material may get into our food supply.

    4    Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it. They can use fewer single use product containers and throw plastics away correctly. Plastic recycling programs also works — where old bottles and other plastics are collected, broken down and used to make new products. We could reuse bottles in our households many times if we wish to, rather than end it after the first use. We could, when we get rid of that plastic, recycle it and reuse it, which replaces the need for raw materials.

The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastics.     5    And it calls for information about the way plastic is thrown out or removed from use. By putting a new value on plastic, industry has a special reason to clean up the environment.

But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem.

A．It asks for them to better measure and direct plastic use.

B．But people can make a big difference.

C．Plastics should be gathered together and reused..

D．It is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.

E．Then, fish may eat the plastics.

F．The report tells about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation.

G．The plastic eventually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters

9 . Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It    1    (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it    2    (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of    3    most outstanding（杰出的）examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn’t changed in a few days    4    even a few months. It took years of work     5    (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is    6    (clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit    7    is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

While there are    8    (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the    9    (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be     10    (patience).

10 . Since the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.

But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many， many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports, emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “Green thinking” has become part of practices.

Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.

Twenty –five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, it’s hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program. “Until we do that, nothing else will change!” says Bruce Anderson.

1. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___.

A．the social movement	B．recycling techniques
C．environmental problems	D．the importance of Earth Day

2. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?

A．The grass –roots level.	B．The business circle.
C．Government officials.	D．University professors.

3. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?

A．They have cut car emissions to the lowest.

B．They have settled their environmental problems.

C．They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.

D．They have reduced pollution through effective measures.

4. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?

A．Education.	B．Planning
C．Green living	D．CO reduction