1 . Earthquake safety tips
On April 14, 2010, a big earthquake hit Yushu, Qinghai. Over, 2,000 people died. Many people were hurt. Why are there earthquakes?
The surface of the Earth has many pieces. These pieces are always moving. When two pieces move past each other, there is an earthquake.
Scientist are working hard to find out more about earthquakes. They try to predict (预测) them, but it's very hard.
Do you know how to get ready for an earthquake? Do you know what to do during an earthquake? Here are some things you should know.
What to do before an earthquake:
Make sure you have two bottles of water, a packet of biscuits, a clean towel, a few band-aids (创口贴), a radio and a flashlight (电筒) at home.
What to do during an earthquake If you are inside:
★Stay where you are. Quickly move under a strong desk, or along a wall. This will protect you from falling things.
★Don't stand near windows.
★Turn off the lights.
★Don't get into a lift during an earthquake. If your are in a lift, get out as quickly as possible.
If you are outside:
★Don't stand near buildings. Things may fall on you.
★Lie on the ground until the shaking stops.
1. You need ______ at home before an earthquake.A.some water and biscuits | B.a clean towel and a few band-aids |
C.a radio and a flashlight | D.all of the things above |
A.getting into a lift | B.turning on the lights |
C.keeping you from falling things | D.standing near the window |
A.the surface of the earth is thin |
B.two pieces of the surface move past each other |
C.the pieces of the surface are moving slowly |
D.there are too many people on the earth |
A.You can play under a big tree. |
B.You can't stand near the buildings. |
C.You can lie on the ground until the shaking stops. |
D.Both B and C. |
内容包括:
1.私家车的增加带来了城市空气污染和交通堵塞。
2.政府发展了便利的公共交通系统,并鼓励新能源汽车的使用。
3.倡导绿色出行。
注意:1.词数100左右,信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节,使行文连贯。
Dear teachers and fellow students,
Recently the topic of green travel has been widely debated which has aroused public attention.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
3 . Off the coast of Formentera, an island, lives seagrass that stretches 15 km. The seagrass, covering several kilometers, is made up of a single organism. The grasses are also long-lived, for tens or hundreds of thousands of years. Along with two other kinds of coastal ecosystem—mangrove swamps and tidal marshes—seagrass fields are particularly good at taking carbon dioxide from the air.
This role was highlighted in a report published on March 2nd by UNESCO, on “blue carbon” —the carbon stored by Earth’s oceanic and coastal ecosystems. In total around 3,300 million tons of carbon dioxide (about three-quarters of the world’s emissions in 2019) are locked away in the planet’s blue-carbon sinks. Research by Carlos Duarte, the report’s author and an ecologist, has shown that one hectare of seagrass can suck as much carbon dioxide each year as 15 hectares of rainforest.
One reason that blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks is that underwater forests are thicker than the land-based woods. They can also trap floating pieces and organic matter, which settles on the sea floor and can double the amount of carbon stored away. They possess another advantage, too. Climate change is leading to more wildfires around the world. As forests burn, their carbon stocks are sent back into the atmosphere. Unlike forests on land, blue-carbon ecosystems do not burn.
Blue-carbon ecosystems may not be fired, but they remain affected by other sorts of disasters. In May 2020 cyclone Amphan destroyed 1,200 square kilometers of mangrove forests. A marine heatwave in Australian waters in 2010 and 2011 damaged around one third of the world’s largest seagrass field in Shark Bay. Mangrove forests can weaken or control waves and provide natural barriers to storm surges. Protecting and expanding them, then, appears to be a must.
1. What do the blue-carbon ecosystems consist of?A.The carbon stored in coastal ecosystems. |
B.Seagrass living off the coast of Formentera. |
C.A single organism, seagrass fields and forests on land. |
D.Seagrass fields, mangrove swamps and tidal marshes. |
A.The concrete role of “blue carbon”. | B.The special features of the seagrass. |
C.The storage ability of the blue-carbon sinks. | D.The findings about the blue-carbon ecosystems. |
A.Because they aren’t influenced by disasters. | B.Because there is more carbon in water than on land. |
C.Because their carbon stocks are released back. | D.Because they have greater absorbing ability. |
A.To add background information. | B.To give suggestions. |
C.To list influential examples. | D.To offer scientific data. |
Covering 7 million square kilometers of jungle and river over eight countries, the Amazon Rainforest is home to millions of sorts of plants and animals, some of
The Amazon Basin
With the destruction of the Amazon Rainforest, global warming becomes more of a threat. It is up to each individual to fight against the
5 . My interest in wildlife and rainforests began at an early age, when my parents introduced me to nature books and magazines. I was
Over the years I have seen many beautiful
Today I
A.frightened | B.comforted | C.fascinated | D.disturbed |
A.chose | B.encouraged | C.decided | D.explored |
A.possibly | B.only | C.mostly | D.greatly |
A.respect | B.destroy | C.balance | D.govern |
A.figures | B.gifts | C.places | D.tools |
A.made | B.watched | C.heard | D.helped |
A.adventures | B.dreams | C.experiments | D.questions |
A.prevented | B.needed | C.shown | D.caused |
A.disliked | B.forgot | C.enjoyed | D.climbed |
A.experience | B.solution | C.challenge | D.field |
A.mountain | B.rainforest | C.desert | D.plain |
A.waste | B.spend | C.avoid | D.miss |
A.method | B.major | C.strength | D.goal |
A.fresh | B.old | C.late | D.serious |
A.promise | B.decision | C.plan | D.difference |
6 . On April 14th, 2010, my entire life changed in an instant. One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bone were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.
As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life, another disaster also occurred on April 14th, 2010. It cost the airline industry $1.7 billion. Ten million travelers were stuck for days. Economies all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Iceland’s many volcanoes.
However, volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible for the birth of new earth, and for the creation of rich soil. This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily. But cancelling 48% of the world’s flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO2 from entering the atmosphere, temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.
Similarly, the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I never would have realized. I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations.
In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path. After their plan worked, they used the geothermal (地热) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes. A good example of life bringing lemons, and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.
I ran from April 14th, 2010, to every kind of escape. Eventually I ended up in university for a new-found love in Earth sciences.
1. What happened to the writer on April 14th, 2010?A.He was involved in a car crash. |
B.He was stuck in Iceland’s airport. |
C.He witnessed a volcanic eruption. |
D.He was badly injured on a bike ride. |
A.Economy was cost globally by the eruption. |
B.Valuable minerals were brought to the surface. |
C.More carbon dioxide was sent into the air. |
D.Most of the world’s planes were held up. |
A.It broke out on April 14th in Iceland as well. |
B.It symbolized the accident that changed his life. |
C.It encouraged him to know more about himself. |
D.It taught him to make the most of given situation. |
A.Inspiration from Disasters | B.Escape from Volcanoes |
C.Love for Earth Science | D.Attitude toward Nature |
7 . An Ontario teen is making waves by turning old fishing gear into new treasures. Since last year, Natalie, 15, has been taking lost or thrown — away fishing nets and rope and transforming them into bracelets, rope art, mats, baskets and necklaces.
Last year, Natalie was working on an assignment for her science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) class. As part of the assignment, she learned about “ghost nets”, which are fishing nets that have been left or lost in the ocean by people who fish.
“They have huge effects on our environment. They can kill coral reefs and many animals,” said Natalie. “46 percent of the Pacific garbage is ghost gear.” The Great Pacific Garbage is a huge collection of trash floating in the Pacific Ocean between Hawaii and California.
Natalie told her mom she wanted to do something to help. She got in touch with a handful of charities, including the Sea Protection Society and Coastal Action.
After getting some shipments of ghost nets and rope from those organizations, Natalie, with the help of her family, started turning the discarded gear into new artworks. “We've made bracelets, rope art, mats, baskets, and we've made necklaces, which also use beach glass in them,” she said. Natalie then started selling the artworks online, the crafty buying and selling website.
She donated all her profits-minus a small sum of change to cover supplies — to the charities that donated fishing supplies to her. She's also been donating all the income from her non-profit business, called Nautical Waters, to charity. Natalie said she hoped to continue her passion for ocean life, with plans to study marine biology in university.
1. How did Natalie help with ghost nets?A.By turning them into artworks. | B.By asking support from her mother. |
C.By collecting money from charities. | D.By selling ghost nets at a good price. |
A.To collect supplies for the artworks. | B.To prepare for her study in university. |
C.To protect coral reefs and marine animals. | D.To complete an assignment for her STEM class. |
A.Polluted. | B.Rare. | C.Waste. | D.Discovered. |
A.Ghost Nets Ready for Sale | B.Charities Make a Big Difference |
C.Natalie's Passion for Ocean Treasures | D.Teen Turns Old Fishing Nets into Artworks |
8 . The good news is that more people bought electric vehicles (EVs) in 2020. The bad news is that sport utility (多用途的)vehicles (SUVs) continued to grow in popularity, too. “The fall in oil consumption due to the first trend was completely canceled out by the second," said Laura Cozzi, an officer at the International Energy Agency (JEA),
Between 2010 and 2020, global carbon dioxide emissions (排放)from conventional cars fell by nearly 35 billion Lons, due to reasons such as fuel efficiency improvements as well as the switch to electric cars. Emissions from SUVs rose by more than 50 billion tons. "While the growth in EVs is encouraging, the boom in SUVs is heart-breaking," says Peters at the Cicero Climate Research Centre in Norway.
There are many reasons for the growing popularity of SUVs. For example, rising economic boom in many countries means more people are able to afford them. Some people see them as status symbols. Also, SUVs are heavily advertised by car-makers, whose profit is higher on these vehicles. Some countries, including France, have introduced plans under which more taxes are paid on heavier cars. But Peters thinks that people who are rich enough to afford SUVs won't be deterred by slightly higher taxes. "There are now some electric SUVs available, but 1 hope one day you will see more electric vehicles brought to the SUV market," says Peters.
Even if it happens, switching to electric SUVs isn't a good solution. Due to their size and bigger batteries, it takes more resources to build electric SUVs, and they consume around 15 percent more electricity. That means higher emissions unless the electricity comes entirely from renewable sources, and higher electricity demand makes it harder to green the electricity supply.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.Scientists should devote themselves to improving fuel efficiency. |
B.The emission of carbon dioxide of motor vehicles has hit a new low. |
C.Electric vehicles will certainly take the place of sport utility vehicles. |
D.The popularity of SUVs destroys some efforts at environmental protection. |
A.Blocked. | B.Encouraged. | C.Removed. | D.Involved. |
A.SUVs are discounted heavily. |
B.SUVs are often advertised by car producers. |
C.SUVs are taxed at a lower rate in some countries. |
D.SUVs consume fewer resources than other vehicles. |
A.The electric SUVs should be made smaller and lighter. |
B.The electric SUVs are a good guarantee for less pollution. |
C.More electric SUVs don’t necessarily mean "environment-friendly". |
D.Future electric SUVs will be powered with completely green energy. |
9 . There you are in your favorite clothing store. You don’t really need to buy anything, but everything is so cheap and stylish! Before you know it, you leave the store with bags and bags of new clothes.
On the surface, this doesn’t seem so bad. However, there are a lot of hidden costs behind the cheap price tags (标牌). To put it plainly, the fashion industry is terrible for the planet. Not only does it use up a lot of resources, but it also heavily pollutes the environment with chemicals, microplastics and unwanted waste.
Fashion is one of the least sustainable industries on the planet, commented Michael Stanley-Jones. “We’ve all become our own waste managers, hoarding fashion waste in our houses,” he noted.
It doesn’t just take up space in our cupboards, though. It also ends up in landfills (垃圾场), too. But, thankfully, the fashion trend tides are changing. People are increasingly examining their own consumption and what changes they can make to become sustainable, Jane Fellner, founder and CEO of sustainable fashion seller Loopster, told the Guardian.
In particular, with its typically lower prices and rare fashion finds, shopping secondhand has become an increasingly popular and eco-friendly option. According to online reseller ThredUp, the secondhand market is predicted to reach $80 billion by 2029. And, although fast fashion will continue to grow 20 percent over the next 10 years, secondhand fashion is expected to grow an unbelievable 185 percent in that same amount of time. Fellner continued: “Secondhand has become more socially acceptable. Thrifting (节约) is now massive on TikTok.”
The only true sustainable way to shop is to not shop at all, unless you’re buying clothes that already exist.
1. What does the fashion industry bring about?A.People’s love for fast fashion. | B.Damage to the earth. |
C.Cheap price tags. | D.Sufficient resources. |
A.Sorting. | B.Avoiding. |
C.Storing. | D.Recycling. |
A.It is gaining popularity. |
B.It has defeated fast fashion. |
C.It makes people attractive. |
D.It is huge among young people. |
A.Young Consumers’ Habits |
B.A Stylish Fashion Manager |
C.The Fashion Industry |
D.Sustainable Fashion Trend |
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
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When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city because I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs around us is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so, we will regret it.