1. 你所了解的灾情；
2. 你的担忧；
3. 你的帮助。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| A．A forest fire. | B．A terrible rainstorm. | C．Some lovely pet animals. |
4 . Hurricane season is here. Fiona ruined Puerto Rico, and less than two weeks later, Ian struck the west coast of Florida and its remnants(残余部分) moved up and hit the Eastern Seaboard.
Extreme weather events like Ian and Fiona have become more intense because of climate change. That reality has implications for those of us in health care. We have a duty to protect and advance the health of our patients.
We typically think of health as something doctors monitor, offering treatment such as prescription medications as needed. But in reality, only about 20% of a person's health is attributable to the medical care they receive. Social determinants such as people's neighborhood and socioeconomic status are actually responsible for 40% of a person's health outcomes. It's a sad truth that a ZIP code can be more predictive of a person's health than his or her genetic code.
Consider how extreme weather events such as this summer's heat waves affected communities unequally. Poor urban neighborhoods, with sparse tree cover but plenty of concrete and asphalt, absorb and retain the heat of the sun's rays, while leafy, shaded countrysides just a few miles away stay much cooler. A University of California–San Diego study that measured land surface temperatures in over 1,000 counties across the United States found that neighborhoods with the lowest average education and income levels generally recorded higher temperatures.
Extreme weather events such as flood can threaten people's physical and mental health long after it recedes. Almost 1 in 3 people in the flooded area were estimated to have suffered from certain post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, physicians in regions at increased risk of natural disasters may need to be ready to deliver more mental health care. For example, doctors in drought-stricken areas may need to make water safety a part of their conversations with patients, because groundwater sources can become unsafe to drink without sufficient rainfall.
Climate change has posed an immediate and dire health threat. Now is the time for health care providers to take collective action to adapt to this unfortunate reality.
1. What can we infer from paragraph 3?| A．ZIP code largely tells a person’s health outcomes. |
| B．A person’s genetic code is determined by ZIP code. |
| C．A person’s genetic code is less important than ZIP code. |
| D．ZIP code is most responsible for people’s health outcomes. |
| A．To show that people with the lowest education have the lowest income. |
| B．To show that poor people tend to be more exposed to extreme weather. |
| C．To show that shaded countrysides stay much cooler than urban areas. |
| D．To show that poor people live in a less-environment-friendly community. |
| A．2. | B．3. | C．4. | D．5. |
| A．Objective. | B．Urgent | C．Optimistic. | D．Worried. |
5 . Habitat loss, pesticides (农药) and climate change are threatening insect populations worldwide. In 2019, Biological Conservation reported that 40% of all insects species are declining (减少) globally and that a third of them are endangered.
And while it may sound nice to live in a world with fewer bad insects, environmental writer Oliver Milman says that human beings would be in big trouble without insects. That’s because insects play important roles in pollinating (给……授粉) plants we eat, breaking down waste in forest soil and forming the base of a food chain that other larger animals—including humans—rely upon.
“It would be an extremely terrible place to live in—and certainly not something we should ever aim for,” Milman says of an insect-free existence. “You would certainly have mass starvation and social unrest... It’d be a place where there would be smelly waste and dead bodies everywhere because insects that break down those materials would be gone.”
Milman charts the troubling decline of insects in his new book, The Insect Crisis: The Fall of the Tiny Empires That Run the World. He says that while it’s impossible to know exactly what’s happening with every insect species in the world, the overall trends are not good: The butterfly population in North America has declined quickly in the past 40 years, for example, and a U. N. assessment done in 2019 found that half a million insect species are under threat of extinction, some in the coming decades.
“The world, our surroundings, would be far quieter, far duller without insects,” he says. “When you start kind of digging down into these figures looking at the research, it’s clear that there’s something seriously wrong... There is a straight decline in most insect populations, and that spells major trouble for them but also for us.”
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about insects?| A．Their importance. | B．Their classification. |
| C．Their food chain. | D．Their population. |
| A．It tells what’s happening with all insect species. |
| B．It describes the worrying decline of insects. |
| C．It shows half a million butterfly species will be in danger of extinction. |
| D．It explains why the number of butterflies in South America has increased. |
| A．Positive. | B．Worried. | C．Unconcerned. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．The introduction of the endangered insects. |
| B．The ways of increasing insects’ population. |
| C．The effects of the declining insects’ population. |
| D．The reasons of threatening insects’ population. |
6 . A tree-planting initiative in Kenya has seen over 30,000 trees being planted. The Green Generation Initiative is a Kenyan charity that has been planting trees to counter climate change and the reduction in forest in the East African nation since 2016.
Founded by climate activist Elizabeth Wathuti when she was fifteen years old, the initiative’s primary focus is on developing young climate activists through environmental education in schools and addressing food insecurity in the region through planting fruit trees. Since its foundation, over 30,000 trees have been planted in Kenya, while thousands of school children have not just planted trees but adopted them to ensure that young people learn the importance of acting as a guardian over the health of the environment. The trees have recorded a survival rate of over 98 percent, as they remain tended to from young trees to maturity.
Speaking to world leaders at the recent United Nations Climate Conference in Glasgow (COP26), Elizabeth issued a serious warning on the threat of climate change. Over two million of Kenyans are facing climate related starvation. In 2025, half of the world’s population will be facing water shortage. The climate crisis will displace 80 million people in sub-Saharan Africa alone.
Elizabeth said, “I have been doing what I can. Inspired by the great Wangari Maathai, I founded a tree growing initiative that enhances food security for young Kenyans.” So far, they have grown 30,000 fruit trees to maturity, providing desperately needed nutrition for thousands of children. “Every day we see that when we look after the trees, they look after us. We are the adults on this Earth right now, and it is our responsibility to ensure that the children have food and water,” she added.
1. What is the initiative intended for?| A．Making policies. | B．Raising money. |
| C．Educating adults. | D．Fighting climate change. |
| A．Hunger. | B．Sickness | C．Water shortage. | D．Economic risks. |
| A．3,000 trees have been planted. |
| B．Green awareness has been raised. |
| C．80 million people have been saved. |
| D．School education has been guaranteed. |
| A．Friendly and talented. | B．Caring and responsible. |
| C．Honest and determined. | D．Ambitious and humorous. |
7 . Around a bend (拐弯处) on a narrow trail that runs deep into the forest of Gabon’s Loango National Park, Kamaya comes into view. The huge silverback gorilla (大猩猩) coolly watches
Seated on a
After two years of a total
That Kamaya and his
They work to make
Loango Park, which
Though expensive, the price is much lower than that paid to see the mountain gorillas in Uganda or Rwanda. It also gets income to manage protected areas that
| A．monkeys | B．hunters | C．visitors | D．masters |
| A．small | B．new | C．long | D．strong |
| A．water drops | B．leaves | C．flying birds | D．insects |
| A．slow | B．quick | C．risky | D．violent |
| A．punishment | B．construction | C．research | D．shutdown |
| A．personal | B．public | C．distant | D．special |
| A．doubting | B．convincing | C．hoping | D．denying |
| A．inspire | B．decide | C．honor | D．please |
| A．company | B．school | C．family | D．club |
| A．decision | B．courage | C．feeling | D．result |
| A．collect | B．create | C．send | D．share |
| A．games | B．praise | C．money | D．respects |
| A．destroyed | B．threatened | C．tightened | D．distinguished |
| A．attract | B．comfort | C．assume | D．astonish |
| A．solution | B．explanation | C．access | D．damage |
| A．loads | B．covers | C．buys | D．affects |
| A．clouded | B．fogged | C．flowered | D．forested |
| A．journey | B．task | C．march | D．care |
| A．regular | B．final | C．usual | D．busy |
| A．replace | B．refuse | C．experience | D．provide |
8 . In 2002, Huang Hui, a researcher of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, went diving near Xisha. In addition to getting an irremovable suntan (晒黑), she was left with memories of a beautiful experience with clear water and abundant colorful corals (珊瑚). However, much of the breathtaking scenery of this reef has disappeared due to climate change and human activities. All of these factors led to the decline of the coral reef in the near shore waters. “We started to cultivate corals near the Xisha Islands in 2010, and restored more than 200,000 square meters of coral reefs,” Huang said.
In 2004, when Huang was attending the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium, she found herself the only representative from the Chinese mainland. She said she felt sad but she made up her mind to strengthen communication with other countries to improve China’s level and status in coral research. She visited top coral research institutes in the US and Australia, establishing long-term cooperation with some of the world’s top coral researchers. By far, Huang has worked on coral research and protection for 22 years. Now, China is in a leading position in terms of technology and coral planting scale.
Huang believes that people’s consciousness of coral protection matters most to the sustainable development of the coral reefs. “I want to call on more people to love nature and look at the ocean in awe,” Huang said.
Partly due to her efforts, Hainan Province released a law in 2017 banning reef exploitation (开发), trading and damaging.
Huang works as a consultant for customs and frontier police on coral protection and promotes coral protection in her local schools. Huang also provides online free training for divers to teach them proper behavior in the sea to protect coral reefs.
“A group of ‘folk scientists’ have also been trained with the hope that more people can gain awareness of the significance of coral reef protection and know how to protect them,” said Huang.
“I am 50, and when I become 60, I hope that not only a coral island will be built but a sustainable development pattern will also be created,” said Huang. “The ideal state is that the coral island should be able to support fishermen and preserve the ecosystem,” she added.
1. What impressed Huang most when going diving near Xisha in 2002?| A．A permanent sunburn on her skin. |
| B．A large quantity of colorful corals. |
| C．A sweet memory of her childhood. |
| D．The sudden disappearance of corals. |
2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on?
| A．China’s advances in coral protection. | B．Huang’s devotion to coral protection. |
| C．Huang’s concern over coral protection. | D．People’s ignorance of coral protection. |
| A．Introduction of advanced technology. |
| B．Tough laws banning reef exploitation. |
| C．Public awareness of coral protection. |
| D．Communication with foreign countries. |
| A．Corals in South China Sea are in danger. |
| B．Scientist plants corals to save ecosystem. |
| C．China is taking the lead in planting corals. |
| D．Measures are to be taken to protect corals. |
9 . Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to develop a habit of
We live in a rural (乡村的) area. Most of what we
My daughters and I regularly
One day I saw a stranger picking up rubbish on the road. He
There are many other ways to
| A．watching | B．helping | C．welcoming | D．teaching |
| A．great | B．unusual | C．easy | D．sad |
| A．dream | B．see | C．need | D．develop |
| A．environment | B．weather | C．area | D．beauty |
| A．disadvantages | B．favorites | C．wishes | D．answers |
| A．comfortable | B．necessary | C．modern | D．excellent |
| A．sky | B．village | C．city | D．street |
| A．pick up | B．look for | C．take away | D．throw away |
| A．surprised | B．tired | C．excited | D．angry |
| A．understand | B．experience | C．forget | D．enjoy |
| A．covered | B．lowered | C．shook | D．raised |
| A．sport | B．idea | C．result | D．question |
| A．describe | B．buy | C．provide | D．make |
| A．clean | B．cross | C．repair | D．draw |
| A．suddenly | B．impossibly | C．easily | D．hardly |
10 . A 6.2-magnitude earthquake hit the Northern California coast on Monday, bringing significant shaking but likely slight damage to the less-populated area.
The earthquake occurred just after noon and was centered off the coast about 337 kilometers northwest of San Francisco, just off a tiny town called Petrolia that’s home to fewer than 1,000 people. The nearest population center, Eureka, is about 72 kilometers north. That left only about 25,000 people in the range of strong or very strong shaking, according to the US Geological Survey (USGS), though residents as far away as Sacramento and the San Francisco Bay Area reported feeling trembling.
The Humboldt County Sheriff’s office of emergency services closed a few roads. The USGs said the earthquake caused losses about less than $ 10 million and no deaths had been reported. The area last suffered an earthquake of a similar magnitude in 1993, when one person died.
“The shaking lasted for about 20 seconds. Glass bottles fell off the shelves at the store, breaking into pieces on the floor, but no one was hurt,” Petrolia General Store manager Jane Dexter said. “It was bigger than anything I’ve felt in my life, ” she added.
California’s Office of Emergency Services (OES) said 2,500 people were told about the earthquake before shaking began through the state’s early warning system called My Shake. “It is a very useful tool to announce warning tips. It saved us indeed. Yet, we still have to remain very careful...as large aftershocks (余震) will occur along the North Coast over the next few days, ” OES Director Mark Ghilarducci said in a statement.
1. What can we learn about the earthquake on Monday?| A．It occurred on the Northern California coast. |
| B．It brought significant damage to the area. |
| C．It caused strong shaking in the whole nation. |
| D．It destroyed a small town completely. |
| A．The store had to be rebuilt. |
| B．She never felt such a big earthquake. |
| C．Some workers got badly injured. |
| D．No one would go shopping at the store. |
| A．Unloading the warning system. |
| B．Keeping staying in shelters. |
| C．Working from home over the next few days. |
| D．Watching out for the aftershocks. |
| A．A weather forecast. | B．A lab report. |
| C．A news report. | D．A travel guide. |
