1 . 你校英语报社打算举办一次主题为“保护藏羚羊(antelope)”的海报设计大赛，请你为其写一篇征稿启事。内容包括：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 海报的设计及投稿要求；
3. 动员大家参加。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Contributions Wanted
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2 . Children are more creative when they learn in natural surroundings, according to new research from Curtin University. Primary school students in Australia and England were put to the test to see whether writing poetry in a natural outdoor setting produced more creative outcomes than writing in a classroom, and the answer was yes.
Dr Paul Gardner and Sonja Kuzich from Curtin’s School of Education ran relative trials with 10-year-old students in both countries and the results, recently published in the Cambridge Journal of Education, gave a big thumbs-up to the positive influence of natural settings. “We found that students who had direct contact with nature by immersing (沉浸) themselves in a bush or forest setting were much more descriptive and vivid in the language they used than the classroom-based writers who ‘imagined’ being in nature through photos,” Dr Gardner said.
In total, 97 students took part in the study, divided into four classrooms, including two based at an English primary school and two from a primary school in Western Australia. In each country one class visited a natural bush or forest before writing a poem based on what they saw, smelt and felt. The other class viewed a pile of images of the same bush or forest setting.
Ms Kuzich said the difference in creative language used between the classes was obvious with twice as many UK forest students using figurative (比喻的) language compared with the class-based students. In Australia that figure rose to more than four times when comparing the poetry of the forest-based students with those who remained at school.
The researchers say further studies of larger groups are now recommended to a gain greater understanding of the influence of natural spaces and “green learning” in schools.
1. Why were the students placed outdoors in nature according to the first two paragraphs?| A．To get more outdoor exercise. |
| B．To experience nature in depth. |
| C．To understand poems about nature better. |
| D．To prove nature’s effect on creativity. |
| A．The specific steps of the experiment. | B．New findings about students’ writing. |
| C．The steps of training the children. | D．The purpose of performing the test. |
| A．Students indoors are not good at poetry. |
| B．Students in Australia prefer to study poetry. |
| C．Students are more creative in a natural environment. |
| D．Students in the UK and Australia have different writing skill preferences. |
| A．Green learning is becoming a trend. |
| B．Further studies are to be carried out. |
| C．Green learning has been applied in school. |
| D．Future research is of little significance. |
3 . Explorer Lucy Shepherd and her team completed a 253-mile walk across the Amazon’s Kanuku Mountains in 50 days.
She said she
Ms. Shepherd
For 17 days of the mission the group travelled without seeing
“It was a
“The Kanuku Mountains are
Ms Shepherd’s next journey is to
| A．found | B．met | C．ate | D．caught |
| A．trick | B．shoot | C．escape | D．hunt |
| A．took on | B．gave up | C．thought about | D．fought for |
| A．need | B．ability | C．potential | D．freedom |
| A．clouds | B．rocks | C．sunlight | D．water |
| A．came in | B．broke down | C．set off | D．turned over |
| A．make | B．follow | C．watch | D．guide |
| A．smooth | B．dangerous | C．pleasant | D．favorable |
| A．received | B．prepared | C．achieved | D．expected |
| A．incredible | B．imaginable | C．possible | D．reliable |
| A．destruction | B．development | C．change | D．beauty |
| A．shame | B．reward | C．regret | D．fear |
| A．facing | B．reducing | C．surviving | D．resisting |
| A．improve | B．protect | C．support | D．threaten |
| A．occupy | B．defend | C．explore | D．locate |
1.水污染的原因
2.水污染的后果
3.如何控制水污染
注意：写作词数不少于80。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Water pollution
There are various causes of water pollution.
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5 . For most of human history, the stars shone brightly in a dark night sky. But today, cities and towns, increasingly lit by artificial light at night, dramatically reduce the visibility of stars.
Satellite data suggests that light pollution has been increasing in many parts of the world over the last decade. However, satellites miss the blue light of LEDs (发光的二极管), which are commonly used for outdoor lighting, resulting in an underestimate of light pollution.
An international citizen science project called Globe at Night (环球夜景) aims to measure how everyday people’s view of the sky is changing. The data shows that the night sky got, on average, 9.6% brighter every year. For many people, the night sky today is twice as bright as it was eight years ago. The brighter the sky, the fewer stars you can see. If this trend continues, a child born today in a place where 250 stars are visible now would only be able to see 100 stars on his/her 18th birthday.
The main factors leading to increasing brightness of the night sky are industrialization and the growing use of LEDs for outdoor lighting. The loss of dark skies threatens our ability as astronomers to do good science. But everyday people feel this loss too. Starry night skies have inspired artists, writers, musicians and philosophers for thousands of years. Light pollution also has a bad effect on the daily cycle of light and dark that plants and animals use to adjust their lifestyle. Two-thirds of the world’s key biodiversity (生物多样性) areas are affected by light pollution.
Individuals and their communities can make simple changes to reduce light pollution. The secret is using the right amount of light, in the right place and at the right time. Making outdoor lights shine downward, using lights that give out more yellow-colored light instead of white light and putting on light timers can all help reduce light pollution. A view of about 2,500 stars in a truly dark sky might convince you that dark skies are a resource worth saving.
1. How is the first paragraph mainly developed?| A．By giving an example. | B．By making a comparison. |
| C．By reaching a conclusion. | D．By raising a question. |
| A．The light pollution is getting more serious. |
| B．The night sky today gets darker than before. |
| C．It’s difficult to imagine a child’s fast growth. |
| D．LEDs are commonly used for outdoor lighting. |
| A．The bad effects of light pollution. | B．The factors causing light pollution. |
| C．The functions of starry night skies. | D．Key biodiversity areas in the world. |
| A．To explain a phenomenon. | B．To suggest a solution. |
| C．To remember a scientist. | D．To increase public awareness. |
6 . According to a new study released Wednesday, human activity has now gone past six of nine planetary boundaries, which are ways to measure the stability and livability of Earth for humans. The study published in the journal Science Advances represents the third update of the planetary boundary framework carried out by 29 scientists from eight different countries.
The planetary boundaries concept identifies nine global priorities relating to human—caused changes to the environment. The concept sets boundaries on how much we can allow ourselves to impact not only the climate but also other global processes that can support modern civilization. Respecting these safety boundaries would minimize the risk of human activities setting off a dramatic and potentially irrecoverable change in global environmental conditions.
Crossing six boundaries does not necessarily mean a disaster to follow, but it is a clear warning signal. “We can regard it as we do our own blood pressure,” said the study lead author Katherine Richardson of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. “A blood pressure over 120 is not a guarantee of a heart attack but it increases the risk of one. For our own and our children’s sakes we need to reduce the pressure on these six planetary boundaries.”
As pressure on the planet increases and vital boundaries are being violated, we don’t know how long we can keep turning against these key boundaries before combined pressures lead to irrecoverable change and harm.
Richardson likens the framework to a bank statement—“it tells us how much of various resources of the Earth system we can allow ourselves to use without greatly increasing the risk in the overall environmental conditions we experience on Earth.”
According to Richardson, the study shows that focusing on climate alone will not solve the climate crisis; it must be seen together with the biodiversity crisis. Life is what makes this planet unique and it is the interactions between land, ocean, atmosphere and life that together provide conditions upon which our societies depend.
There is still time to prevent disasters, but we must take action, not next year or next month but now.
1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?| A．Our planet is safe enough to live on. |
| B．Man puts our environment in great danger. |
| C．The environmental stability can be ensured. |
| D．The earth we live on is in a healthy condition. |
| A．Reduce. | B．Increase. | C．Reconsider. | D．Challenge. |
| A．Blood pressure is an important indicator in measuring physical health. |
| B．Breaking six boundaries is certain to result in environmental disasters. |
| C．Crossing boundaries is a clear warning against damaging environment. |
| D．Paying attention to the behavior towards environment is very important. |
| A．The nine planetary boundaries we should never go past |
| B．How much of various resources of the Earth system we can use |
| C．The ideal conditions upon which our humans depend to survive |
| D．Immediate actions should be taken to protect the environment |
Human activity is
All activities changed the behavior of animals , but the study found
As well as having a profound influence on the animals — like reducing their ability to feed and breed — the changes point to a global restructuring of animal movement
Dr Tim Doherty, a wildlife ecologist at the University of Sydney, said it was already well known that humans
When human
Shennongjia is
Between 1976 and 1981, the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized three large-scale
Nowadays, Shennongjia’s attraction is not
The “wild man” legend has been passed on for generations by word-of-mouth. In 2016, the legend of “wild man” in Shennongjia
9 . For the past two months, Mandy Chen, a second-year student at Beijing University of Technology, has been posting photos of herself to Taobao, posing with a reusable cup, climbing stairs and switching off lights.
After seven days of posting her photos, Chen exchanged the points for a dozen of biodegradable rubbish bags from Taobao. Everyone can get an endless supply of free trash bags if they keep going, according to Chen.
Chen uses Carbon88, a platform launched last August by Alibaba Group Holding, to help the more than 800 million users on Taobao adopt a sustainable lifestyle. The platform rewards users for over 70 low-carbon behaviours.
| A．It encourages them to reduce their carbon footprint. |
| B．And her efforts to save electricity prevented 65.50 grams. |
| C．It’s a valuable addition to current carbon-reduction policies. |
| D．Carbon reduction has helped increase Chen’s environmental awareness. |
| E．Within minutes, she receives a dozen points from the app as a reward. |
| F．They range from taking public transport to shopping of second-hand items. |
| G．She is now saving points for something better, like snacks and water bottles. |
1. 你的看法；
2. 你的理由。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 题目已经给出。
Should we explore the sea?
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