1 . Mauna Loa, the world’s largest active volcano, started erupting late Sunday in the U.S. island state of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The volcano last erupted 38 years ago. But it is not expected to put people in danger.

At this point, melted(熔化的) rock, called lava, is predicted not to come near populated areas, but officials warned people to be ready to move away. The path of lava flows can change quickly.

Island officials warned people to stay away from the areas where lava is coming out because it can shoot 30 to 60 meters in the air. The gas coming from the eruption is also harmful. At the moment, however, the state said air quality on the island is good.

The eruption is a new experience for many people on the island. There are more than twice as many people living there compared to the last time Mauna Loa erupted. State officials are most concerned about an area about 50 kilometers to the south of the volcano where about 5,000 people live.

There is some concern about a weak area on the southwestern part of the mountain. If lava escapes from that area, it could threaten places where people live in just hours or days. The lava has never come up through that area during past eruptions.

The lava could flow toward the city of Hilo, which has about 45,000 people. That could take about a week. Scientists say they hope the lava flows like it did in 1984, when it moved slowly.

Hawaii mayor is Mitch Roth. He said the eruption “will be remarkable”, but he does not think it will cause problems for people visiting Hawaii. He said many people come to Hawaii to see volcanoes, but they have to travel a long way to a national park. Now, they can see an eruption much more easily. “You can just look out your window at night and you’ll be able to see Mauna Loa erupting,” he said.

1. Why did officials give people a warning?

A．The way lava flows is uncertain.	B．Air quality on the island isn’t good.
C．The lava can shoot 60 meters at least.	D．The lava will reach where people live.

2. Why do some people worry about the weak area?

A．It is near populated places.	B．No lava has come up through it.
C．Many people live there.	D．It can stop eruptions.

3. What does Mitch Roth agree with?

A．People had better leave Hawaii soon.

B．The eruption is a possible danger to visitors.

C．It is convenient to watch an eruption in Hawaii.

D．The eruption is a once-in-a-century natural wonder.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．People in Hawaii Are Ready to Escape

B．Volcanoes in Hawaii Always Attract Visitors

C．Damage of Volcano in Hawaii Is Not Clear

D．World’s Largest Active Volcano Erupts in Hawaii

2 . The Pacific island of Tonga was struck by a huge volcanic explosion on January 15, 2022. which was followed by a tsunami that flooded the regions of the Capital Nuku’slofa. Witnesses reported ash was falling over the Capital, and social media images showed that water flooding into a church and many residences. Local residents had to flee to higher ground when the tsunami warning was issued.

The capital of Tonga is around 65 kilometers north of the volcano. The volcano is the plumes of gas, smoke and ash stretched 20 kilometers into the sky, according to Tonga Geological Services.   According to the authorities in Suva, the 8-minute eruption was so powerful that it could be heard as “loud thunder sounds” more than 500 miles away. Storm surges have been predicted in New Zealand, which is more than 2 300 kilometres away from Tonga.

Internet and phone lines went down after the violent volcano eruption, leaving the 105,000 residents on the islands almost uncontactable. All communication to the outside world in Tonga is affected due to damage to the undersea cable. Digicel,a Jamaican phone company that partly owns the Tonga cable system, said that it might take 24 hours to restore the important communications link before it could provide an update on work. The company said it was working urgently with local authorities to resolve the damage, adding its demostic mobile phone towers were operating across the main island of Tongatapu

New Zealand prime minister Jacinda Ardern said that the New Zealand government has made an initial sum of $340,000. available to provide assistance toTonga.An Australia   Air Force P8 Poseidon aircraft also reached Tonga on January 17. Meanwhile, Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson said that China is closely watching the volcanic eruptions and the disasters, including tsunami and volcanic ash, in Tonga and stands ready to provide every possible support and assistance at Tonga’s request.

1. What was the impact of the tsunami?

A．An active undersea volcano erupted.

B．Many people were injured in the disaster.

C．Local residents are forced to move away.

D．The capital of Tonga was completely flooded.

2. What are the figures in paragraph 2 mainly about?

A．The reason for the volcanic explosion.

B．That enormous loss is caused by the disaster.

C．The serious air pollution due to volcanic ash.

D．The widespread effects of the volcanic eruption.

3. What made Tonga lose contact with the outside world?

A．The undersea cable was destroyed

B．Large phone companies were closed

C．Mobile phone towers were broken down

D．The volcanic ash interrupted the communications

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．Different counties’ support for Tonga.

B．The way of predicting the natural disaster.

C．The difficulty of post-disaster reconstruction.

D．Volcanic eruptions’ influence on global climate.

3 . Do you know that forests cover an estimated 38 percent of the total land surface of the European Union(EU)?And that these extensive areas covered with trees and underbrush need to be protected so they can continue to do good for the environment for the next generation? Now the EU has just come up with its ambitious new "Forest Strategy".

Forests can fight against climate change and prevent biodiversity loss. They can reduce the impacts of climate change by cooling down cities, protecting us from heavy flooding, and reducing drought impacts. They are valuable ecosystems that are home to a major part of the world's plants and animals. But forests also improve our health and well-being through functions like water regulation, erosion(侵蚀)control and air purification. And they serve as ideal settings for "recreation, relaxation and learning, as well as securing livelihoods".

This new European-wide forest conservation vision takes in an impressive commitment to plant a minimum of three billion additional trees over the next decade. This is an ambitious plan but a long overdue one because forests have been battered by severe weather and human impacts, particularly the demand for wood over the last ten years. As the EU Observer puts it, "extreme weather events and the increasing demand for forest services and products, driven by wood-based bioenergy and international trade, have accelerated tree cover loss in the last decade."

This EU strategy takes into account the complexity of forest sustainability(可持续性). Observation, knowledge exchange, ongoing monitoring and close cooperation between public and private organizations and individuals are also key elements in this new continent-wide forest protection strategy.

This is a future-focused blueprint, designed to protect these precious green areas, and ensure that the trees and greenery are here to stay!

1. Why are two questions raised in the beginning?

A．To show the EU's forest coverage.	B．To call on people to protect forests.
C．To encourage more forest expansion.	D．To explain the reason for the strategy.

2. What does the author intend to show in paragraph 2?

A．The importance of forests.	B．The environmental role of forests.
C．The background of the strategy.	D．The urgency of the strategy.

3. What does the underlined word "battered" in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Struck.

B．Controlled.

C．Damaged.

D．Removed.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Planting Trees for the World	B．Taking Forests into the Future
C．EU's Action to Protect the Earth	D．Irreplaceable Benefits of Forests

4 . 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Global warming is a gradual increase in the earth’s temperature, generally due to the greenhouse effect    1    (cause) by increased levels of carbon dioxide and other pollutants.

Temperatures and sea levels are rising, possibly contributing    2    more storms. The rising has influenced a lot,     3    (result)in a lot of climate problems, and humans are at least partially    4    (blame). Global warming causes climate change,    5    places a serious threat to life on the earth in    6    (vary) forms like widespread flooding and extreme weather. Climate experts    7    (gather) detailed observations of different weather    8    (phenomenon) since the mid-20th and of related influences on climate. Scientists have high confidence    9     global temperatures will continue to rise for decades to come,    10    (large)due to greenhouse gases produced by human activities.