1 . The newly-elected president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro says that his country should withdraw (退出) from the 2015 Paris Agreement, and that Brazil’s rainforest protections are standing in the way of economic success. During the election campaign, he promised to ease protections for areas of the Brazilian Amazon set aside for native people and wildlife. Are Brazil’s rainforests in danger?

The Amazon, the world’s largest rainforest, is called “the lungs of the planet.” Each tree takes in and stores carbon dioxide from the air around it. Billions of trees pull up water through their roots and release water vapor into the air, forming tiny drops of water. The Amazon creates 30 to 50 percent of its own rainfall. Carlos Nobre, a climate scientist, says that it is almost impossible to say Just how important the rainforest is to the planet’s living systems.

Some of Bolsonaro’s support comes from business and farming groups. One supporter, Luiz Carlos, noted that farmers “are not invaders, they are producers.” He blamed the past government for supporting rainforest protections at the cost of farmers. “Brazil,” he said, “will be the biggest farming nation on Earth during Bolsonaro’s years.”

Paulo Artaxo, a professor of environmental physics at the University of Sao Paulo, says that if Bolsonaro keeps his campaign promises, then “deforestation of the Amazon will probably increase quickly — and the effects will be felt everywhere on the planet.”

Other scientists warn that if the Amazon and other tropical rainforests lose too many trees, this could affect rainfall in other areas. Without enough trees to support the rainfall, the longer and bigger dry season could turn more than half of the rainforest into a tropical grassland.

1. The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A．draw people’s attention to the disappearing rainforests

B．ask people to ease the protection of rainforests

C．attract the public to the newly-elected president

D．to complain about the new government's withdrawing

2. According to the passage, rainforests can ________.

A．produce much farmland

B．examine people’s lungs

C．change the earth’s living system

D．destroy farmers’ crops

3. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．The new president’s supporters care less about farmers.

B．Scientists are concerned about the protection of rainforests.

C．The rainforests will stop the economic development in Brazil.

D．The past government is to blame for the destruction of rainforests

4. The passage is probably taken from ________.

A．a newspaper

B．a magazine

C．a guidebook

D．a textbook

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

New Yorkers were shocked in early December when a creature as big as a school bus     1     (surface) from the Hudson River. Over the next three days,    2     humpback whale (座头鲸) swam by several popular tourist destinations, where a journalist took    3    (photo) of the animal seemingly waving its tail at Lady Liberty.

Scientists say NYC0089, which hasn't been spotted in several weeks, has likely returned to deeper waters south of the Hudson. Still, the     4    (frequent) of whale sightings in the broader area has gone up rapidly in recent years.

“With these numbers increasing     5     (sharp), it's not surprising that you're seeing them in some unusual places,” says Brown — a biologist. Including the Hudson River and Staten Island.

Scientists say the     6    (rise) whale sightings are likely related to purer water and a brimming buffet of Atlantic menhaden, a fish favored by humpbacks, resulting     7     landmark environmental regulations     8    (pass) in the 1970s as well as New York city cleanup efforts.

“Seeing more whales in this area is a sign    9     the waters are cleaner and there's more food here for these whales,” Brown says. “It shows     10     we've been doing is working, so we need to keep doing that — and more — to protect these species.”

4 . Baggy has become the first dog in the UK—and potentially the world—to join the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground.

Baggy wears a pollution monitor on her collar so she can take data measurements close to the ground. Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems.

Conventional air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts at about nine feet in the air. However, since Baggy stands at about the same height as a child in a pushchair（婴儿车）, she frequently records pollution levels which are much higher than the data gathered by the Environment A gency.

The doggy data research was the idea of Baggy's 13-year-old owner Tom Hunt and his dad Matt. The English youngster noticed that pollution levels are around two-thirds higher close to the ground than they are in the air at the height where they are recorded by the agency. Tom has since reported the shocking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasise that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma（哮喘）.

Matt Hunt said he was "very proud" of his son because “when the boy gets an idea, he keeps his head down and gets on with it, and he really does want to do some good and stop young kids from getting asthma."

“Tom built up a passion for environmental protection at a very early age," Matt added. “He became very interested in gadgets（小装置）. About one year ago, he got this new piece of tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternoon, we went out to do some monitoring, and he said, why don't we put it on Baggy's collar and let her monitor the pollution？'So we did it."

Tom said, "Most of the time, Baggy is just like any other dog. But for the rest of the time she is a super dog, and we are all really proud of her."

1. With a monitor on her collar, Baggy can ____________.

A．take pollutant readings	B．record pollutant levels
C．process collected data	D．reduce air pollution

2. What can we learn from the Baggy data?

A．High places are free of air pollution.

B．Higher pushchairs are more risky for kids.

C．Conventional monitors are more reliable.

D．Air is more polluted closer to the ground.

3. What is Tom's purpose of doing the research?

A．To warn of a health risk.	B．To find out pollution sources.
C．To test his new monitor.	D．To prove Baggy's abilities.

4. According to the passage, which word can best describe Tom Hunt?

A．Modest.

B．Generous.

C．Creative.

D．Outgoing.

5 . 假定你是李华，你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行一项关于垃圾分类的研究。他给你来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况，请给Peter回一封邮件，告诉他相关信息，邮件内容包括：
1．写邮件的目的；2．垃圾分类的实施情况；3．你对垃圾分类的看法。
注意：1.词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage classification
Dear Peter,   
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________        

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

6 . 假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛，请写一份演讲稿，内容主要包括：
1、汽车带来的问题；
2、骑自行车的益处；
3、你的立场。
参考词汇：低碳的 low-carbon
注意：1.词数：80字左右，开头结尾已给，不计入；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good morning, everyone!

I'm Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thanks for your listening!

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Olympic and Paralympic medals for the Tokyo 2020 Games will be made from recycled mobile phones donated by the public.

Olympic host cities have     1     (tradition) obtained the metal from mining firms. But Japan,     2     lacks its own mineral resources, is keen on taking the theme of a sustainable future a step     3     (far).

“A project which allows the people of Japan     4     (participate) in creating the medals is really good, and helps raise the environmental awareness of our citizens,” said Tokyo 2020 sports     5     (direct) Koji Murofushi. “    6     the resources of our earth are limited, we need to recycle more and avoid waste. This program is setting an example.”

Collection boxes have been placed in local offices and telecom stores and they will remain there until the metal required     7     (collect).

Members of the organizing committee put forward the idea to government officials and companies earlier this year and won their support.

As a result, the medals hanging around Olympic winners’ necks will carry even more meaning     8     usual. People’s personal memories, once     9     (store) in their smart phones and other handheld devices, will take the round shape of an Olympic medal, one of the most precious     10     (prize) in sport.

8 . 假如你是李华，你的朋友 Peter上次来访后惊叹你们家乡的巨大变化，回去后写信询问你们是如何在实践中将“绿水青山就是金山银山”化为生动的现实的。
要点：1.简要介绍之前存在的问题；2.具体整改措施及带来的好处。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

9 . So you think that by staying at home you are safe from all the terrible kinds of pollution present outdoors? Recent research done at the University of Texas has shown that staying indoors may actually be more harmful to one’s health than being outdoors in smoggy cities.

The research shows that chemicals added to our local water supply to kill harmful bacteria can have unwanted side effects. These chemicals can cause potential harm through drinking and in such seemingly harmless activities as cleaning one’s house. These additives are released from water by daily actions like water running out of taps, spraying from garden hoses, or splashing in dishwashers and washing machines. As the water is agitated (搅动), these chemicals are released into the air and then breathed in. Once inside our bodies, they start to affect our health harmfully.

Does this mean we should stop bathing? No, say the scientists, but we should put all pollution into perspective. Activities at home such as the burning of candles and incense release a lot of things which have been proven as harmful to health as working or living near high density traffic. New rugs, bedding, and even clothing give off that “new smell”, which is a sure sign of chemicals. In the office, newly-applied paint, newly-purchased telephones and other telecommunications equipment, and computers and their peripheral (外部设备) release polluting chemicals, too. As offices and homes often have inadequate ventilation (空气流通), these chemicals can build up to become health trouble. Their toxic effects are only now being slowly recognized.

These facts suggest that, at a minimum, proper airing of newly-purchased goods with an obvious chemical smell is a wise precaution. Home and office windows should be opened during good weather to allow a flushing of stale air. Even one’s car needs to be ventilated as well as the garage.

Until we understand the effects of our new technological environment better, we can only hope that “there is no place like home”.

1. According to the text, why is the local water supply unsafe?

A．Because it contains harmful chemicals.

B．Because it contains poisonous bacteria.

C．Because the activities of using water are harmful.

D．Because washing dishes makes the water polluted.

2. The underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 3 is closest to “________” in meaning.

A．long-lasting	B．poisonous
C．obvious	D．immediate

3. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?

A．Present more detailed information.	B．Summarize the previous paragraphs.
C．Introduce a new topic for discussion.	D．Give some advice about the problem.

4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．Enclosed environment may have potential health risks.

B．Staying indoors is actually less risky than going outside.

C．Home and office windows should be opened at any time.

D．Any use of electronic devices should be banned to prevent pollution.

10 . On a hot summer weekend, Jorge Ayub saw the public beach north of Boston already crowded with nearly 1 million people drawn to the annual sand sculpture festival. Traffic on the nearby road was heavy, bands played music loudly, and later that night fireworks would light up the beach.

And on the sand were four pairs of tiny shorebirds. These chicks(小鸟) were still too young to fly and a precious addition to the national endeavor to save a bird once down to 139 pairs in Massachusetts. It was Mr. Ayub’s job. “Everyone made it,” Ayub, a coastal ecologist reported at the end of the long weekend over the nests.

Once common, piping plovers(笛鸻) were hunted and then squeezed out of their habitats(栖息地) by coastal development until, in 1986, the federal government listed the Atlantic Coastal birds as threatened. The bird’s recovery has been halting. After three decades, the Atlantic population stands just under the 2,000-pair goal set by federal law.

But the star has been Massachusetts, which has seen plovers increase to 687pairs from 139 pairs in 1986. One reason for that: “chick-sitting” in which conservationists sometimes spend all day watching over the birds.

That progress has made Massachusetts the only East Coast state that decided to relax some Endangered Species Act restrictions: for example, to reduce the fenced-off areas and vehicle limits that have annoyed residents（居民）.

“Look at the stretch(一片土地)，”Anyb says. “We had six nesting pairs between here and that bathhouse 600 yards away. By regulation, each nest should have 100 yards of fencing. We could have put up fencing and closed the beach all the way to the bathhouse.”

Instead, the plovers are surrounded in much smaller areas by “symbolic fencing”. None of the 52 seawall entrances to the beach are closed. “If we put up too much fencing, people will be upset, and they are going to destroy it or walk right through the nesting areas,” Ayub says. “By opening the beach, people are happier and the species does better.”

1. What was Jorge Ayub doing at the beginning of the text?

A．Directing traffic.

B．Enjoying fireworks.

C．Looking after some birds.

D．Watching some bands perform.

2. Which of the following best explains “halting”underlined in Paragraph 3?

A．slow	B．Similar
C．Important	D．Complete

3. What do you know about Massachusetts?

A．It is an important habitat for wildlife.

B．It has done well in protecting piping plovers.

C．It encourages the residents to keep piping plovers.

D．It allows ecologists to test certain species of birds.

4. What might be Jorge Ayub’s attitude to “symbolic” fencing?

A．Supportive	B．Disapproving
C．Uninterested	D．Doubtful