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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.85 引用次数:97 题号:8662783

On a hot summer weekend, Jorge Ayub saw the public beach north of Boston already crowded with nearly 1 million people drawn to the annual sand sculpture festival. Traffic on the nearby road was heavy, bands played music loudly, and later that night fireworks would light up the beach.

And on the sand were four pairs of tiny shorebirds. These chicks(小鸟) were still too young to fly and a precious addition to the national endeavor to save a bird once down to 139 pairs in Massachusetts. It was Mr. Ayub’s job. “Everyone made it,” Ayub, a coastal ecologist reported at the end of the long weekend over the nests.

Once common, piping plovers(笛鸻) were hunted and then squeezed out of their habitats(栖息地) by coastal development until, in 1986, the federal government listed the Atlantic Coastal birds as threatened. The bird’s recovery has been halting. After three decades, the Atlantic population stands just under the 2,000-pair goal set by federal law.

But the star has been Massachusetts, which has seen plovers increase to 687pairs from 139 pairs in 1986. One reason for that: “chick-sitting” in which conservationists sometimes spend all day watching over the birds.

That progress has made Massachusetts the only East Coast state that decided to relax some Endangered Species Act restrictions: for example, to reduce the fenced-off areas and vehicle limits that have annoyed residents(居民).

“Look at the stretch(一片土地),”Anyb says. “We had six nesting pairs between here and that bathhouse 600 yards away. By regulation, each nest should have 100 yards of fencing. We could have put up fencing and closed the beach all the way to the bathhouse.”

Instead, the plovers are surrounded in much smaller areas by “symbolic fencing”. None of the 52 seawall entrances to the beach are closed. “If we put up too much fencing, people will be upset, and they are going to destroy it or walk right through the nesting areas,” Ayub says. “By opening the beach, people are happier and the species does better.”

1. What was Jorge Ayub doing at the beginning of the text?
A.Directing traffic.
B.Enjoying fireworks.
C.Looking after some birds.
D.Watching some bands perform.
2. Which of the following best explains “halting”underlined in Paragraph 3?
A.slowB.Similar
C.ImportantD.Complete
3. What do you know about Massachusetts?
A.It is an important habitat for wildlife.
B.It has done well in protecting piping plovers.
C.It encourages the residents to keep piping plovers.
D.It allows ecologists to test certain species of birds.
4. What might be Jorge Ayub’s attitude to “symbolic” fencing?
A.SupportiveB.Disapproving
C.UninterestedD.Doubtful

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阅读理解-阅读单选(约410词) | 较易 (0.85)
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是关于须鲸的鼻孔的相关知识。

【推荐1】Any schoolchild knows that a whale breathes through its blowhole. Fewer know that a blowhole is a nostril (鼻孔) slightly changed by evolution into a form more useful for a mammal that spends its life at sea. And only a dedicated expert would know that while toothed whales, such as sperm whales, have one hole, baleen (鲸须) whales, such as humpback and Rice whales, have two.

Even among the baleen whales, the placing of those nostrils differs. In some species they are close together. In others, they are much further apart. In a paper published in Biology Letters Conor Ryan, a marine biologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science, suggests why that might be. Having two nostrils, he argues, helps whales smell in stereo (立体空间).

Many types of baleen whales eat tiny animals known as zooplankton (浮游动物), which they catch by filtering (过滤) them from seawater using the sheets of fibrous baleen that have replaced teeth in their mouths. But to eat something you first have to find it. Toothed whales do not hunt by scent. In fact, the olfactory bulb—the part of the brain that processes smell—is absent in such creatures. But baleen whales still have olfactory bulbs, which suggests smell remains important. And scent can indeed give zooplankton away. Zooplankton like to eat other tiny creatures called phytoplankton (浮游植物). When these are under attack, they release a special gas called dimethyl sulphide, which in turn attracts baleen whales.

Most animals have stereoscopic senses. Having two eyes, for instance, allows an animal to compare the images from each in order to perceive depth. Having two ears lets them locate the direction from which a sound is coming. Dr Ryan theorized that paired blowholes might bring baleen whales the same sorts of benefits.

The farther apart the sensory organs are, the more information can be extracted by the animal that bears them. The researchers used drones to photograph the nostrils of 143 whales belonging to 14 different species. Sure enough, baleen whales that often eat zooplankton, such as the North Atlantic right whale, have nostrils that are farther apart than do those, such as humpback whales, that eat zooplankton occasionally. Besides allowing them to breathe, it seems that some whales use their blowholes to determine in which direction dinner lies.

1. What do we know about whales’ nostrils according to the first two paragraphs?
A.They are adapted ones.B.They are developed merely for smell.
C.They are not easy to detect.D.They are fixed universally in numbers.
2. What plays a role when baleen whales hunt zooplankton?
A.The teeth that baleen whales have.
B.The smell that phytoplankton send.
C.The sound waves that zooplankton create.
D.The chemical signals that zooplankton give off.
3. How is the concept of stereoscopic senses explained in paragraph 4?
A.By quoting a theory.B.By using examples.
C.By making contrast.D.By making inferences.
4. What is the position of nostrils related to according to the last paragraph?
A.The sense of smell.B.The possibility to attract food.
C.The ability to locate food.D.The ability to communicate.
2024-04-08更新 | 916次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约300词) | 较易 (0.85)

【推荐2】There are plenty of beaches in the world that are attractive for exactly the same reasons. Can you imagine having a swim with pigs, flamingos or even penguins?

Pig Beach: Bahama!

Nobody knows exactly how the pigs got to this remote island, but we can easily understand why they decided to stay: good temperature, clear water...

The Pig island is located in Exuma. There are about 20 wild pigs and piglets that love the beach and to swim. They also like to be caressed, fed, and entertained by the curious tourists!

Akumal Beach: Mexico

The coast of Mexico is the chosen spot by many sea turtles as the perfect place to lay their eggs. Turtles are able to travel thousands of miles to make their nest year after year literally in the same place. At this beach you can swim with these prehistoric creatures, but there's a simple rule: you must keep a minimum distance of 3 meters. Don't forget that you're in their home and they shouldn't get stressed.

Boulders Beach: South Africa

Penguin are funny animals..

At the Boulders Beach, 42 km away from Cape Town in South Africa, there is a colony of African penguins that live in freedom and truly enjoy the water and rocks of this place. If you visit this beach, you'll most likely be able to watch these animal closely.

Monkey Beach: Koh Phi Phi,Thaland

This is an attractive beach by itself, and it sums up points due to is unusual animals monkeys. On this beach, lives a colony of monkeys that will entertain you with their games and yes, watch out for the food and the bright objects, they have very long arms and are very fast!

1. What will people see when they go to Pig Beach?
A.They will see monkeys that will entertain you with their games.
B.They will see wild pigs and piglets that love the beach and to swim.
C.They will see many sea turtles who are looking for places to lay eggs.
D.They will see African penguins that live in freedom and enjoy the water.
2. Which beach will you go if you are interested in Penguins?
A.Pig Beach:Bahamas.
B.Akumal Beach: Mexico.
C.Boulders Beach: South Africa.
D.Monkey Beach: Koh PhiPhi, Thailand.
3. Which is right according to the passage?
A.When you swim at Pig Beach, you must keep a minimum distance of 3 meters with pigs.
B.When you go to Boulders Beach, you will find many penguins that come from Antarctica.
C.When you swim at Akumal Beach, you must keep a minimum distance of 3 meters with turtles.
D.When you go to Monkey Beach, you will find monkeys that have short arms and move fast.
2021-03-21更新 | 96次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约320词) | 较易 (0.85)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。研究发现小鸣鸟在迁徙时,飞得比平常更高来穿越沙漠和海洋。

【推荐3】Migration (迁徙) ecologist Sissel Sjöberg had long wondered how tiny birds like the great reed warbler (大苇莺) can make it across long expanses of water or desert on their migrations. Though just half the weight of a golf ball, they fly 7, 000 kilometers between Northern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa twice a year. Now, a new study may have the answer: These nighttime birds fly well into the day — and at heights of up to 6, 000 meters, three times as high as they normally fly.

More than 4, 000 species of birds migrate across long distances each year. It’s challenging to equip small songbirds with the tracking devices that make such research possible. To see whether she could change that, Sjöberg joined the lab of Lund University Dennis Hasselquist. The pair turned to great reed warblers, relatively large songbirds that summer at a lake near Lund University. Scientists there have monitored the species’ breeding (繁殖) and behavior for 40 years.

To track the warblers, Sjöberg, Hasselquist, and colleagues equipped them with small backpacks that can monitor their journeys. As expected, the migrants usually spent their nights flying and rested during the day. But most birds that hit a water or desert crossing near dawn kept going as the sun rose, climbing high into the sky. Some birds flew higher than 6,000 meters. That’s not quite as high as the 8,000 meters geese hit, but it’s still a tall order, Sjöberg says. “We have never even imagined that songbirds regularly would fly this high.”

Such altitudes can be stressful. At 6,000 meters, oxygen isn’t enough and the temperature is below freezing. Somehow the birds are able to cope. “The ease at which they fly that high is unbelievable,” Sjöberg says.

1. How high does the great reed warbler fly usually?
A.Around 6, 000 meters.B.About 2, 000 meters.
C.7, 000 meters.D.3, 500 meters.
2. What was Sjöberg and Hasselquist’s purpose in carrying out the study?
A.To distinguish large and small birds.
B.To track the migration paths of geese.
C.To learn about the migration of small songbirds.
D.To monitor the songbirds’ breeding and behavior.
3. How does Sjöberg feel about warblers’ high flight?
A.Amazed.B.Doubtful.C.Stressed.D.Worried.
4. Which is the best title for the text?
A.Migration Biologists Sing High Praise for Tiny Birds
B.Different Species Cross Long Distances in Different Ways
C.Researchers Have Found a New Way to Study Bird Species
D.Tiny Songbirds Cross Deserts and Seas by Flying Higher Than Usual
2022-05-01更新 | 66次组卷
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