1 . While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer, few would say that we’ve “summered.” “Summer” is clearly a noun, more precisely, a verbed noun.

Way back in our childhood, we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb. With such a tidy definition, it was easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood, where we are expected to “foot” bills, “chair” committees, and “dialogue” with political opponents. Chances are that you didn’t feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns.

“The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language,” says Patricia O’Conner, a former editor at The New York Times Book Review. Experts estimate that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing. Since 1900, about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.

Even though conversion (转化) is quite universal, plenty of grammarians object to the practice. Some most leading experts, William Strunk Jr. and E. B. White, in The Elements of Style—the Bible for the use of American English—have this to say: “Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs. Not all are bad, but all are questionable.” The Chicago Manual of Style takes a similar standpoint, advising writers to use verbs with great care.

“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them,” says O’Conner. That’s why we’re comfortable “hosting” a party, but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports. So are there any rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer, copy chief at Random House, doesn’t offer a rule, but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if it’s easily replaceable by an already existing popular verb. Make sure it’s descriptive but not silly-sounding, he says.

In the end, however, style is subjective. Easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries; it is one of the processes that make English “English”. Not every coined word passes into general use, but as for trying to end verbing altogether, forget it.

1. What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?

A．It hasn’t recently been opposed by many grammarians.

B．It is more commonly accepted by children than adults.

C．It hasn’t been a rare phenomenon in the past century.

D．It can be easily replaced by existing verbs in practice.

2. What is most leading experts’ attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns?

A．Cautious	B．Objective.
C．Optimistic.	D．Unconcerned.

3. What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns?

A．Predictable.	B．Practicable.
C．Approaching.	D．Impossible.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．Are 40 Percent of all new verbs from nouns?

B．Are Summering and Medaling Annoying?

C．Are You Comfortable about a New Verb?

D．Are There Any Rules for Verbing?

2 . It’s important for you teenagers to know how to save money. You know that the money you save can be for rainy days and be used to pay through your college education. If you think it’s a difficult task and don’t know how to do it, please do as the followings.

    1    

My dad always tells me that if one doesn’t respect money, it will never respect you. Hence, it’s important that you keep a record of your daily expenses. Make it a habit to write down all that you have spent. And when you find out the total expenses at the end of the month, you will realize what you have spent more money in doing.    2    .

Open a savings account

Opening a savings account is a better way to save money. You can set a goal; say (for example), the money is for a new notebook or for college, and then save, until you have enough money to buy a notebook or until you go to college.    3    .

Do not carry much cash

Do you have the habit of not leaving a store without buying anything? The only way to stop that is carrying less money around with you. Go to the store with the minimum amount of money, which will not even help you buy a drink.    4    .

Save the changes

Save the changes that you get back. If you have gone to a shop to buy something and get back some changes, then do not spend them.    5    . And you’ll be surprised at the huge amount of money after days.

Follow these tips above, and thus you can save a lot of money. And surely, they’ll help you to be more responsible in your life.

A．Keep a record of your daily expenses

B．In a few days, you’ll get rid of this habit

C．Instead, you can save them in your piggy bank

D．By that time, you will realize the importance of saving money

E．Saving money builds your financial power and personal freedom

F．Next month, you will automatically try and save more in that part

G．Nowadays in the developed and developing countries, people are all working for the sake of earning money

5 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the man doing?

A．Visiting a museum.

B．Asking for directions.

C．Talking to a friend.

2. What does the man decide to do in the end?

A．Keep walking.

B．Go to the bus station.

C．Call a taxi.

3. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation?

A．Annoyed.

B．Excited.

C．Surprised.

6 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How long can a mouse live at most?

A．Three years.

B．Twenty years.

C．Seventy years.

2. What affects the lifetime of animals according to scientists?

A．The diet.

B．The behavior.

C．The heart rate.

7 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Where will the woman go probably?

A．A school.

B．A storeroom.

C．A mall.

2. What did the man do yesterday?

A．He bought a pair of rain shoes.

B．He did some cleaning.

C．He did his housework.

8 . What kind of paper are the speakers going to write?

A．A historical one.

B．A biological one.

C．A geographical one.

10 . Who probably is the woman?

A．Mr. Clarke’s daughter.

B．Mr. Clarke’s nurse.

C．Mr. Clarke’s neighbor.