1 . Wildfires have captured headlines around the globe in recent years. These intense and widespread fires worry scientists. Besides causing billions of dollars in property damage, wildfires can erase the habitat of valued wildlife. They also fill the air with choking pollution. And when they burn near cities, they put the lives of whole communities in danger.
But scientists are interested in these fires for another reason. The black carbon-rich smoke from their flames is made of the ash from burned trees, grass and shrubs. The intense heat of some wildfires can cast this ash to high altitudes and it can travel around the globe.And the warming sunlight absorbed by dark particles(微粒)at high altitudes won't reach Earth's surface.
Scientists refer to those tiny particles of ash,dust and more as aerosols(气溶胶). One important trait is how well they reflect light. Snow and white ice reflect the most light. Dark things absorb the sun's light, mostly as heat. So the color of aerosols is important. Those aerosols can either warm or cool the air. Overall, researches showed that smoke aerosols cool the atmosphere. As intense fires cause dark ash aerosols high into the air, they mix with clouds and mostly prevent the sun's energy entering the earth.
The warming climate that can lead to wildfires may experience a temporary cooling when serious wildfires do erupt. Meanwhile, fire aerosols also can have bad effects when they fall back to Earth. And that fallout can sometimes be up to half a world away from where a fire took place.
Many studies show that intense wildfires are becoming more common, partly because of global warming. As the planet warms and new fires occur, scientists will continue to explore the big impact of tiny fire aerosols that temporarily occupy our atmosphere.
1. What does paragraph 1 focus on?A.Wildfire-related air pollution. | B.Cities suffering from wildfires. |
C.Harmful effects of wildfires. | D.Scientists' concern over wildlife. |
A.By absorbing the sun's heat. | B.By reflecting most sunlight. |
C.By blocking out dark clouds. | D.By clearing away clouds. |
A.Uncaring | B.Cautious. | C.Disapproving. | D.Supportive. |
A.How wildfires affect the climate. | B.Why warming causes wildfires. |
C.Common occurrence of wildfires. | D.Serious damage from wildfires. |
In an effort to fight against global warming, Purdue University engineers have created the whitest paint that can keep surfaces cooler than the formulation(配方)that the researchers had
The new whitest paint formulation reflects up to 98. 1% of sunlight compared with the 95. 5% of sunlight
Two features give the paint its extreme whiteness. One is the
The extreme whiteness also means that the paint is the
3 . The urge for most of us is to throw something away, even if it means we have to buy anew one for more money. Most people think it's often
After a repair shop opened in the neighborhood, hundreds of residents began
The shop is called Remade, and it's looking to change the way Britain
One regular customer said she had a changing moment when an extension cable( 扩展电缆) she owned
A.greener | B.funnier | C.cheaper | D.easier |
A.change | B.expand | C.break | D.grow |
A.performance | B.responsibility | C.explanation | D.expense |
A.bringing in | B.showing off | C.mixing up | D.taking apart |
A.accepting | B.finding | C.resisting | D.assessing |
A.habit | B.fear | C.choice | D.problem |
A.consumes | B.communicates | C.travels | D.relaxes |
A.throw | B.fix | C.sell | D.collect |
A.exchange | B.replace | C.connect | D.compare |
A.promote | B.decorate | C.destroy | D.lack |
A.comments | B.donations | C.invitations | D.requirements |
A.stopped | B.kept | C.continued | D.risked |
A.controversial | B.challenging | C.immediate | D.permanent |
A.permission | B.ability | C.way | D.need |
A.open | B.shut | C.silent | D.ruined |
A.advice | B.thought | C.worry | D.promise |
A.improper | B.hard | C.right | D.illegal |
A.potential | B.symbol | C.blessing | D.burden |
A.Strangely | B.Fortunately | C.Similarly | D.Particularly |
A.desiring | B.failing | C.regretting | D.pretending |
4 . At any given moment, about seven microliters of tears are present in each of our eyes-about a tenth of a drop of water. Tears are more than salty water—they deliver oxygen and nutrients to our eyes, remove waste and serve as the first line of defense against disease.
Research has shown that markers of many of the most common diseases like cancer are found in tears. Work is already under way to confirm the use of such markers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. Recently, a technology named TearExo has been developed for breast cancer screening using patients' tears. That could greatly reduce the costs of testing.
Actually, the potential merits of tears as indicators of health go beyond occasional testing. One promising tear-based technology is a smart contact lens that continuously monitors a patient's biomarkers, significantly improving disease prevention and early detection. Recently, a smart contact lens has been successfully developed for continuous glucose monitoring and treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Such a product probably won't be ready for commercial use for several years. However, about 45 million people in the US already wear contact lenses to correct their vision, so switching to a smart version will be simple for them.
Interestingly, NASA ever suggested using tear markers to monitor astronauts' health in space. This allowed us to better understand the effects on human health of long-term exposure to space environmental factors like weightlessness. Tear markers from experienced astronauts and new astronauts without space exposure could be used to establish a health database, which might be one of the first stepping stones toward making living in space a reality.
Tears can provide an inexpensive, rapid and easy-to-use alternative to monitor health. Given the advantage in tear technology to monitor health, and to be used even by the healthy, such technology will almost certainly lead to the more effective prevention of diseases—rather than having to deal with the difficulties of treating them.
1. How does the author show the use of tears in testing?A.By listing data. | B.By using remarks. |
C.By giving examples. | D.By making comparisons. |
A.Limitations. | B.Amounts. | C.Expenses. | D.Advantages. |
A.It can hardly correct our vision. | B.It helps to detect diseases continuously. |
C.It has been used commercially. | D.It can successfully cure eye illnesses. |
A.It serves as a basis for space exposure. | B.It can free astronauts of weightlessness. |
C.It monitors health effectively but slowly. | D.It has a bright future in the medical field. |
5 . “My mom found a house for us to look at.” said my fiancé (未婚夫), Jon. “It’s in Richfield, not far from where I grew up.”
“Wow, that’s great!” I said. “Maybe this will be the one.”
Jon and I had been searching for our first home for months. Nothing seemed right. The listings in Richfield had been off the mark. But if my soon-to-be mother-in-law, Ruthann, had come across a house for us to look at. I was going to check it out.
I hadn’t known much about Ruthann. Her beloved grandmother, Nana, had recently passed away, and she was in grief(悲痛). Nana had been the heart of the family, and Ruthann had been especially close to her. I regretted not getting to meet Nana. I felt I was struggling to find my footing with my future in-laws. So, I would do whatever I could to draw us closer.
The next day, Jon and I drove over for the viewing. I was pleasantly surprised–the house Ruthann picked looked fantastic. My hopes rose as Jon and I walked into the dining room, which had an ivy(常春藤)wallpaper border, It perfectly matched the pretty set of ivy plates I’d been storing away. I knew we found our home.
We bought the house and got married. When it was time to move. both of our families helped out. I set a few things on the shelves in the dining room, leaving a large space in the center for my ivy plates. Ruthann walked in as I was carefully lifting the plates out.
“Where did you get those?” she asked.
“I bought them a long time ago,” I said proudly, happy that my mother-in-law seemed to like them.
Ruthann sat down, shaking her head in disbelief. “Sandy, you don’t understand…Those dishes have the same pattern as the dishes Nana had in her house. So many family gatherings and special occasions happened with those plates…” she smiled. “We sold them along with the other items in the house. Now here you are, with a matching set you bought years ago…”
I suddenly realized I needn’t have worried about fitting in with Jon’s family.
1. Why did Sandy decide to visit the house in Richfield?A.It especially met her expectations. | B.She desired to get close to Ruthann. |
C.It was a listing in where Jon grew up. | D.She wanted to get Ruthann out of grief. |
A.Regret. | B.Anxiety. | C.Envy. | D.Delight. |
A.They matched the wallpaper border. | B.They reminded her of her own house. |
C.They looked similar to Nana’s dishes. | D.They were perfect for family gatherings. |
A.Sold Ivy Plates Came Back Home. | B.A New Couple Found Their Home |
C.Three Women Were Matched Well | D.Ivy Dishes Drew a Family Together |
6 . Having trouble getting to sleep these days? Here are a few habits that can really help.
Open the blinds and go outside
Open the blinds to start your day with a sunlight bath in the early morning. If you can, go outside for at least 20 minutes in the midmorning hours.
Move your body and get tired
As hard as it may be to fit a workout routine into your day, it's worth it. Regular exercise may help promote good sleep in two ways. Physical activity is known to reduce mental anxiety. This alone may contribute to good sleep.
Your core body temperature needs to drop by about2 to3 ℉ to get a good sleep. A study suggests it is important to keep your bedroom around 65 ℉ all the night.
Don't count sheep
Not only will counting sheep not help you fall asleep faster, but a study by Allison Harvey at UC Berkeley also has found that it actually makes it harder to fall asleep. Harvey has found that other types of mental games, however, are helpful to sleep.
Use your bed only for seep
Lying awake in bed can lead to worry about sleep, which makes falling asleep even harder. To avoid this cycle, you might need to spend less time in bed. It seems unbelievable. But it is true.
A.Do what works for you |
B.Keep your bedroom cool |
C.So try to read a very boring book in your bed |
D.In addition, regular exercise can physically tire you out |
E.He suggests imagining pleasant walks you've taken before |
F.Therefore, if you're not going to see, you'd better get out of bed |
G.Studies show that daylight bath in the morning leads to better sleep at night |
7 . Throughout history, there have been sculptors who are prized for their willingness to push boundaries. Without their contributions, it would be difficult to imagine visual art as we now know it. Here are some of the pioneers.
Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598~1680)
As a master of materials, Italian artist Gianlorenzo Bernini is known for his astonishing ability to create movement and bring forth emotion with his work. In his masterpiece, Pluto and Perse, the rough and cold stone has been turned into flesh that looks so real and soft that you just want to reach out and touch it.
Alberto Giacometti (1901~1966)
Swiss sculptor Alberto Giacometti is perhaps most recognized for his slim and small sculptures, like Seated Man, with each piece measuring no more than 2.75 inches in height. Many scholars have suggested that his slim figures relate to a lack of meaning in 20th-century life.
Henry Moore (1898 ~ 1986)
Known for his abstract public sculpture, British artist Henry More's works most often focus on the theme of mother and child, who usually sit or lie in a relaxed way, with their bodies leaning backwards Moore's figures are often composed of multiple pieces, yet his clean lines allow viewers to effectively see the figures within the abstract form. Such features are very obvious in his master piece Mother and Child.
Louise Bourgeois (1911 ~ 2010)
Most well-known for her public art, French-American sculptor Louise Bourgeois rose to international lame in 1982 after the Museum of Modern Art held her first exhibit. By this time, she was already in her 70s. Drawing from her own life experience, her sculptures often explore themes of family and death. In her representative work, Maman, Bourgeois has used a spider to stand for her mother, who died when she was a child, to show her strength and protection over her family.
1. When did Alberto Giacometti pass away?A.In 1689. | B.In 1966. | C.In 1986. | D.In 2010. |
A.Maman. | B.Mother and Child. | C.Seated Man. | D.Pluto and Persephone. |
A.They became famous in their 70s. | B.They are known for their public sculptures. |
C.They are from the same country. | D.They explored the themes of family and death. |
8 . When choosing Chinese universities, it is necessary for students to take both university conditions and self-qualifications into consideration.
Students’ graduation result
Students’ graduation result provided during the application is the key reference for the university to decide whether to admit or not. The stronger comprehensive strength and better reputation the university has, the stricter requirement for students’ graduation result will be.
Economy conditions
The cost of the study in China is relatively cheap, while daily expenses are not exactly the same in different areas. In Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other developed coastal cities, the daily expense can be relatively higher than that of inland. These cities’ living conditions are relatively better and entertainment and recreational facilities are richer. Therefore, when choosing universities, your economy factor needs to be taken into account.
China is a large country and the northern and southern China has many differences in climate and diet custom.
Professional or comprehensive strength
In China, universities can be divided into comprehensive and professional two kinds. Which is more important, professional strength or comprehensive strength?
A.Location preference |
B.Each city has its own characteristics. |
C.There is no absolute answer actually. |
D.Students sometimes get stuck when choosing majors. |
E.Everyone hopes to choose suitable Chinese university reasonably. |
F.You should make a reasonable assessment about self-qualifications. |
G.So apply for a suitable university according to your graduation result. |
“Father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping died of illness at 13:07 p.m. in
He
On September 19, 2020, Yuan Longping sent his best wishes to the youth and shared his eight word
Our best way
A.Though; moved on | B.Despite; took off |
C.As; settled down | D.In spite of; cheered up |