1 . A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface. Through that opening, red-hot rock and hot gases escape. This can be a sudden and thunderous puff of ash and gas, or it can be a continuous flow of lava (岩浆) destroying everything in its path. The danger of a volcano may explain why its importance are often ignored. They exist for hundreds of thousands of years, and the gases they release come from the inside of our planet. They are probably the very gases that created Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) billions of years ago. Both awful and amazing, volcanoes have much more to offer than other geographical events.
Volcanic regions are hotbeds of biodiversity. The lava islands of the Galapagos in the Eastern Pacific are textbook examples in action. As lava hardens and begins to erode (风化) over the course of years or centuries, the nutrients and minerals from the volcanoes create rich soil.Some of the world’s most productive regions for farming, such as in Indonesia and Central build up underground aquifers (含水层). For example, without the Tibesti and its five volcanoes in the north of Chad and in southern Libya, the eastern Sahara would be even drier.
Volcanoes also produce geothermal energy, which makes up significant shares of electricity supply in a growing number of countries, including EI Salvador, Kenya and New Zealand. The most common type of volcanic rock, basalt (玄武岩), is capable of permanently trapping (卡住) carbon dioxide. This will make volcanoes an important player in the game of catching and storing carbon. Long viewed as a fearsome enemy of humankind, volcanoes may yet become a savior.
1. What is the text mainly about?A.The definition of volcanoes. |
B.The value of volcanoes. |
C.The danger of volcanoes. |
D.The type of volcanoes. |
A.They are both made up of gases. |
B.The Earth’s atmosphere comes from volcanoes. |
C.They formed in the same time period. |
D.There might be some connection between them. |
A.The cause of a volcano. |
B.The procedure of a volcanic eruption. |
C.The contribution of volcanoes to rich soil. |
D.The influence of biodiversity on volcanoes. |
A.Carbon dioxide. |
B.The most common type of volcanic rock. |
C.Basalt’s being the most common type of volcanic rock. |
D.Volcanic rocks’ ability to permanently trap carbon dioxide. |
2 . Abel Cruz is an industrial engineer living in Lima, the capital of Peru, which is located in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. When Abel Cruz was a boy,his weekly routine was to climb down a valley in the foothills of the Peruvian Andes to get the family’s water from a spring.
“It was downhill from the house, far away and steep,” he says.
The Peruvian Andes are under the weather influences coming both from the Pacific Ocean and from the jungle and traditionally there is a “dry” and “rainy” season. Recent climatic changes have made the dry seasons even drier and longer.
Cruz began dreaming up better ways to collect water. He noticed that some plants, for example, capture (捕获) rain and mist with their wide leaves. Eventually, he struck upon the idea of a fog net, a concept that he would go on to share around the world.
Each vertical (垂直的) net is 215 square feet of man-made resin (树脂). Micro-droplets (滴液) of water gather together and then fall down into collection tanks. One net can collect 50 to 100 gallons per day. Locals can carry back the water in small containers like buckets for their small farms.
Working in Lima, Peru, with support from the Creating Water Foundation, Cruz has installed (安装) more than 3,600 nets on the bare hillsides around the city to capture fog coming from the Pacific Ocean. This should help bring relief to the city of more than 9 million, which tends to have little rainfall and suffers from frequent lack of water. “The planet has less and less fresh water,” Cruz points out, “because the glaciers (冰川) that are natural water collection tanks are disappearing. So, we must find a way to store and save water for times of drought.”
1. Which of the following can best describe Abel Cruz’s work of getting water from a spring?A.Tiring. | B.Entertaining. |
C.Unnecessary. | D.Economic. |
A.Capturing rain with wide leaves. |
B.Gathering fog droplets with big nets. |
C.Turning resin into water droplets. |
D.Carrying water into collection tanks. |
A.The net is man-made. |
B.The collection tanks are made of resin. |
C.The net is vertically installed on the hillsides. |
D.Locals must carry water in small containers. |
A.His concerns over world’s lack of water. |
B.His engineering experience. |
C.Support from Creating Water Foundation. |
D.His geographic knowledge on his home country. |
3 . What does the term “dinosaur” actually mean? What Beatles’ song stayed in the US singles chart for the longest? Who was the president of the United States when Uncle Sam first got his beard?
These are not just questions from a particularly difficult public test.
But what was perhaps more surprising was what was going on in people’s brains at the point that they recalled these facts.
Making full use of your curiosity is an important method for building adventure into your life.
A.Curiosity doesn’t simply make our lives more enjoyable. |
B.They are used by researchers in a pioneering experiment. |
C.Feeling good is a normal thing, not something unusual. |
D.When given a brain X-ray examination, their brain activity was quite different. |
E.They are three of the most interesting questions worldwide. |
F.The researchers tried to figure out what effect curiosity had on people’s minds. |
G.They in turn become better at receiving information. |
Walking and Using a Phone is Bad for Your Health
Spend time on any crowded sidewalk and you’ll see heads bent over and eyes cast downward. One recent study of college students found that a quarter of people crossing intersections
When you walk and use a phone at the same time, you automatically adjust
Looking down at a smartphone while walking can also increase the amount of force
It’s now widely accepted that walking in natural spaces is good for your mental health. It appears that
Most of us understand that walking and using a phone can be risky. Some cities, like Honolulu,
If you’re distracted by a phone, you’re definitely putting
5 . The wind was blowing from all directions. Another Iowa storm was
Alice ran into the farmhouse on the hill above Honey Creek. Thunder rattled (咯咯作响) along as she looked out the window to the railroad tracks below. They
The windows of the little house continued to rattle as the storm invaded the night. She watched the stream rise higher — almost
Taking her lantern, Alice slid down the
As Alice finally reached the bridge, the wind
When she was halfway across the bridge, lightning showed a giant tree in the river rushing towards her. Luckily, the tree
Alice’s story did not go
A.approaching | B.exploring | C.disappearing | D.recycling |
A.warned | B.reminded | C.convinced | D.informed |
A.ups and downs | B.back and forth | C.in and out | D.far and wide |
A.changes | B.directions | C.schedules | D.measures |
A.flashing | B.attaching | C.shocking | D.touching |
A.bridge | B.train | C.stream | D.valley |
A.untidy | B.muddy | C.empty | D.ugly |
A.replace | B.repair | C.cross | D.check |
A.break out | B.put out | C.give out | D.find out |
A.Excited | B.Interested | C.Tired | D.Moved |
A.escaped | B.reached | C.blocked | D.changed |
A.inched | B.lost | C.signaled | D.marched |
A.stopping | B.finding | C.driving | D.taking |
A.wrong | B.ahead | C.unpunished | D.unnoticed |
A.wisdom | B.generosity | C.patience | D.courage |
When I lived in Portland, Oregon, I taught English as a Second Language at a local community college. I had adult students in my class from Vietnam, Mexico, Russia and many other countries. Although they came from many lands, fighting for a better life, they had one thing in common: a desperate yearning(渴望) to learn English well.
Many of the students worked in a factory for twelve hours throughout the night and hurriedly took a bus in the morning straight to our 8:00A. M. class. They attended my class on time whatever the weather. And they waited until after class to go home and sleep. Sometimes I would see them struggling to keep their eyes open in the beginning. However, their active participation in class drove away their physical tiredness as well as livened up the atmosphere. Some students even raised a bunch of questions by gesture after class. They were always there working hard, earnest and eager to learn.
Despite their lack of sleep and long hours at work, the level of attendance and attentiveness in class was always excellent. No one called in sick. No one was absent-minded. Some of the students had as many as three jobs and took the bus everywhere they went because they couldn’t afford cars.
To teach the course, I needed to use a lot of pictures and hand gestures, since I didn’t know all their respective languages. One of the things I taught was a simple dialogue called “Shopping for a New Coat”. They enjoyed standing up and acting out the gestures that accompanied the text of the story.
Sometimes I wondered if I was really teaching my students in the best way possible. But I gave my all to this class, and they gave their all to me. If nothing else, they would always remember what to say if they ever went “shopping for a new coat”. Soon, the language course came to an end.
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On the last day of class, they held a wonderful party that was filled with good food and laughter.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I lifted from the box a beautiful, new, full-length coat.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________A.In a hospital. |
B.At home. |
C.At school. |
There once was a little village situated in the rich area of New Delhi, Just beyond the village lay a pond, which was a deep dark blue in the middle. Beautiful plants grew all over it. All the children in the village loved the pond. They frequently came to swim and play with water in it. During the summers, the cool water would refresh them from all the dust and heat, and even prevent them from getting immersed (沉溺于) in social networking apps like We Chat or Whats App.“It’s so nice and beautiful,” they would all say.
Then, one day, the villagers began to send the water from the pond into small channels leading to the nearby fields. These channels looked like tiny streams, and they called them irrigation (灌溉) channels, saying that it would help the growth of the plants in their fields to become taller and greener. After some time, the plants did grow taller and stronger. However, the pond was no longer as deep as before; it became shallow.
Sometime later, a factory appeared near the village, letting out a lot of thick black smelly smoke and released (排放) many chemicals into the pond. As these chemicals traveled from the pond through the channels to the fields, many plants died. The pond turned black and produced an awful smell, causing the children to lose their desire to get close to it anymore. They couldn’t even think of splashing water and playing in it as they used to. “It is so dirty.How can we play in it?” they said. Then came the burning hot summer. The pond dried up entirely, without a single drop of water remaining. The beautiful plants surrounding it died too. The once lively village now looked ugly, its beauty lost forever, leaving only memories of what once was.
注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The children decided to do something to make a difference.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Over time, their efforts, especially what they did through the apps, took effect.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.推荐合适的小说;
2.阐述推荐该小说的理由。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear James,
Thanks for congratulating me!
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
He could still remember the day when he first met her.
It was a bright morning
He thought that maybe this was the beginning of something wonderful, something he had been waiting for all along.
-Adapted from “Wuthering Heights”