2 . It’s been well over a year since COVID-19 first appeared. Although the virus continues to be a problem in many parts of the world, things are starting to turn back in our favor with the help of vaccines(疫苗).
Vaccine development started in February 2020, when it became clear to scientists that a solution to the pandemic would need a global effort to vaccinate as many people as possible. The CO—VAX（COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access）mechanism was then created to ensure equal access to safe and effective vaccines for all countries and regions, according to Business World.
Of course，this would take great effort，since vaccines typically take years to develop. However，COVID—19 needed faster development. The first COVID vaccine—the Pfizer vaccine—was approved by UK health authorities on Dec 2, 2020, according to science journal Nature.
This was made possible through the use of mRNA (信使核糖核酸). Vaccines developed with mRNA use the virus' spike protein (棘突蛋白) to create antibodies (抗体) that can fight the virus. Companies like Moderna and Pfizer have created their own mRNA vaccines, according to the BBC.
However，these vaccines must be stored at very low temperatures, which is not possible everywhere. In response, Chinese companies like Sinopharm and Sinovac have developed vaccines using dead viruses instead of spike proteins. These vaccines can be kept at regular temperatures.
Although there have been rumors about vaccines being unsafe, the majority of people seem to realize the importance of vaccination for building mass immunity in order to stop the virus from spreading.
Zhang Wenhong，China’s leading expert on infectious diseases，said it’s good that the world has come to understand that the vaccines will protect us, according to Global Times. Zhang added that human beings belong to one family. Vaccines are a kind of medicine that we all must share in order to stay safe and healthy.
1. Why was COVAX created？
| A．To create more COVID—19 vaccines. |
| B．To protect people with COVID—19. |
| C．To help countries produce their own vaccines. |
| D．To make sure more people can get vaccines. |
2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
| A．Who made the first COVID—19 vaccine. |
| B．How to prevent COVID—19. |
| C．How mRNA vaccines work. |
| D．Why scientists use mRNA to make spike proteins. |
3. What is the difference between the Pfizer vaccine and Chinese vaccines？
| A．Chinese vaccines use viruses from spike proteins. |
| B．Chinese vaccines can be kept at a normal temperature. |
| C．The Pfizer vaccine is based on a Chinese vaccine. |
| D．The Pfizer vaccine is suitable for children. |
4. Which of the following might Zhang Wenhong agree with？
| A．Medicine is the only way to deal with infectious diseases. |
| B．Some vaccines might be unsafe. |
| C．Mass immunity can't stop the virus from spreading. |
| D．Vaccines can keep all of us safe from COVID—19. |
