1 . Spending a day glued to your smartphone probably isn’t doing you any favors. Too much phone use has been linked with a range of concerns, including sleep issues, joint pain and even relationship problems. But if it’s radiation you’re worried about, experts say you don’t have to ditch your phone.
“There’s no risk of anything hazardous or dangerous with radiation from cellphones,” said Gayle Woloschak, an associate dean and professor of radiology at the Northwesterm Univerity Feinberg School of Medicine. As with all cellphones, along with Wi-Fi networks, radio stations, remote controls and GPS, smartphones do send out radiation, said Emily Caffrey, an assistant professor of health physics at the University of Alabama at Birningham. They use invisible energy waves to transmit voices, texts, photos and emails to nearby cell towers, which can carry them to almost anywhere in the world. But nearly three decades of scientific research has not linked such exposures to medical issues like cancer, health authorities including the Food and Drug Administration say. Here’s what we know.
“Radiation” describes many types of energy, some of which do carry risks, explained Dr. Howard Fine, director of the Brain Tumor Center at New York — Presbyterian Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City, “It is often sent out from radioactive substances”, Atomic bombs, or, to a far lesser degree, X-ray machines, send out energy called ionizing radiation that in high enough or frequent enough amount can damage DNA and cause cancer, Dr. Fine said.
But smartphone energy falls into a category called non-ionizing radiation, Dr. Caffrey said, which isn’t powerful enough to cause this damage. “A lot of people think radiation is radiation, but it’s not all the same,” Dr. Woloschak said. “There’s no DNA damage seen from cellphone use.”
Most experts and health authorities like the F.D.A. and World Health Organization agree that there’s no evidence that smartphone radiation causes health problems. Still, several studies over the years have made headlines for suggesting their links to brain diseases. Many of these studies have since been proved to be false, Dr. Fine said, including those focused on fifth-generation.
1. What does the underlined word “ditch” in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．Make use of. | B．Keep track of. | C．Get hold of | D．Get rid of. |
| A．They consider it secure based on current research. |
| B．They are indifferent due to lack of sufficient data. |
| C．They express concern and require strict regulations. |
| D．They are doubtful and appeal for immediate action. |
| A．Forming a healthy lifestyle is vital. |
| B．Smartphones need radiation limits. |
| C．Radiation concerns are unfounded. |
| D．Technology reduces radiation risks. |
| A．In a science magazine. |
| B．In a collection of short stories. |
| C．In a school newsletter. |
| D．In a phone advertising brochure. |
2 . Bill Sumiel was having a tough Friday. It was October 2020,and the 71-year-old,who was dealing with kidney (肾) failure and had been on dialysis (透 析) for a few years, found himself away from home.
He’d been diagnosed with diabetes (糖 尿 病) over 20 years before, which led to his kidney problems. He was on the transplant list, but no matches had yet appeared. So he continued with his treatments periodically. Without a ride lined up for Friday’s do-over, Sumiel took Ubers to and from his appointment.
Timothy Letts,31,was driving to visit a friend when his phone received the request for Sumiel’s ride home. When Sumiel got into his car, Letts could see that the older man was unenergetic but in good spirits. And as they set out to Sumiel’s home, the pair got to chatting. During conversation, Sumiel revealed that he was searching for a kidney donor. Letts joked that he’d be a good donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink or smoke.
Sumiel agreed, though he didn’t think much of it. Letts, however, couldn’t stop thinking about it and it was always on his mind. So, Letts said: “I’d like to see if I could be a match to give you a kidney.”
“I was shocked,” Sumiel recalls. He was shaking so hard that he could barely write his name when they exchanged contact information
After the initial excitement, Sumiel started feeling less optimistic. He was touched by Letts’s offer, but he wondered if it had just been an emotional moment. Would he hear from him? And what was the likelihood of a match?
But Letts was true to his word. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had contacted the kidney transplant program. After a series of testing, the results were in: Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
In December 2021,14 months after their chance encounter, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a success. Today they live respectively and healthily and anticipate the day they can reunite.
1. What can be inferred from the first four paragraphs?| A．Sumiel’s problem was caused by his wrong treatments. |
| B．Sumiel must take Ubers to receive treatment periodically. |
| C．Letts took the matter of donating his kidney seriously. |
| D．Letts’s energetic friend requested him to donate his kidney. |
| A．He questioned the sincerity of Letts’ offer. |
| B．He worried about the risks of the surgery. |
| C．He believed Letts would forget his offer. |
| D．He doubted if Letts was fit for donation. |
| A．Sympathetic and wise. | B．Reliable and helpful. |
| C．Responsible and Sensitive. | D．Trustworthy and humble. |
| A．A Fortunate Driver. | B．A Kidney Transplant. |
| C．A Successful Surgery. | D．A Ride for a Lifetime. |
1. 比赛过程；
2. 赛后感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.短文的开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Jim,
How is everything going? I am writing to eagerly share my recent experience participating in a school sports event
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last month, my town hit by an unexpected flood. It rained heavily, turning streets into rivers or homes into islands in a flash. As the water risen alarmingly, panic set in between the residents. Unfortunately, because of our self-protection awareness and joint efforts from all sides, the flood didn’t cause seriously damage. Shortly after that, the local government recommended tip on surviving in floods. It advised our to quickly move to a higher ground to avoid being drowned and to avoid contact with polluted water to reduce the risk of infection. Stay away from power sources to prevent electric shock was also on the list.
Focused on guaranteeing the five major areas of organizing, participating, watching,
The visual technologies such as 8K stereo broadcasting system provide good visual experience for
The hydrogen-powered buses employed in Yanqing and Zhangjiakou, and the biodegradable tableware being used at the Games also use the high technology.
Behind all the high technology in this Winter Olympics is a display of Beijing's scientific and technological innovation. Chinese people not only celebrate the athletes,
6 . The snow arrived earlier than predicted as I
When nighttime arrived, I decided to take a walk. Outside, my feet seemed to be
“Mistakes can bring positive outcomes, after all.” Excited by my new
| A．placed | B．poured | C．hid | D．hanged |
| A．jam | B．kit | C．storm | D．suit |
| A．contest | B．situation | C．shortage | D．strike |
| A．lived up to | B．put down | C．worked through | D．looked out for |
| A．attracting | B．disturbing | C．delighting | D．amazing |
| A．undecided | B．unpublished | C．unplanned | D．unattained |
| A．freedom | B．curiosity | C．faith | D．flexibility |
| A．solve | B．seek | C．avoid | D．evaluate |
| A．acknowledged | B．realized | C．guaranteed | D．proved |
| A．admired | B．reminded | C．warned | D．inspired |
| A．unexpected | B．unreliable | C．untrue | D．unrealistic. |
| A．mistakes | B．comments | C．words | D．judgments |
| A．out of order | B．out of shape | C．out of danger | D．out of sight |
| A．relief | B．panic | C．satisfaction | D．dizziness |
| A．defended | B．protested | C．fought | D．leant |
| A．resting | B．seeing | C．protecting | D．tidying |
| A．secretly | B．sensitively | C．silently | D．randomly |
| A．crash | B．explore | C．catch | D．tear |
| A．decision | B．departure | C．thought | D．ambition |
| A．promise | B．wisdom | C．stimulation | D．shame |
7 . So, you want to learn how to get the most out of your reading experience. Reading effectively is a piece of cake whether you’re reading for school or fun. The following tricks will not only help you comprehend the information you’re learning, but make the reading experience much more enjoyable.
Skim through the text.Get a preview of what’s to come by flipping through the pages. Once you have the basic idea of what you’re reading, scan through the table of contents and headers or flick through the pages. Glance over any images, graphs, or illustrations.
Practice active reading by taking notes. Before grabbing your notebook, wait until you’ve finished reading or skimming through a complete section or idea.
Link what you read to your existing knowledge or past experiences. Instead of treating the text as an isolated piece of writing, link it to previous readings. If a plot point reminded you of something from your own life, make a mental note of it. If you can connect the examples in the journal article with something you learned in class, jot down those similarities.
| A．Make personal connections to the material |
| B．Set aside a few minutes to keep everything in mind |
| C．Pause between main ideas to process the reading material |
| D．Don’t be afraid to question the text and make your own assumptions. |
| E．Remember: trying to be as fast as possible is the first thing you should consider |
| F．Summarize the main idea in your head, and then write the main points and concepts |
| G．Take a few seconds to read the text quickly, including the notes, to spot eye-catching key words. |
8 . Researchers believe they have found evidence for a hidden ocean on Mimas, one of Saturn’s major moons. This makes Mimas a target for learning more about the origins of life in our solar system.
Saturn has 146 moons orbiting it. The biggest is larger than the planet Mercury; the smallest is roughly the size of a sports field on the Earth. Mimas, which was first discovered in 1789, is one of the major moons and is about 250 miles wide.
Experts used to think Mimas was mostly made out of solid ice and rock. In 2014, astronomers noticed its orbit around Saturn was moving unsteadily. A shaky orbit can be caused either by a core shaped like a rugby ball or a huge liquid ocean beneath the surface. At first, lots of astronomers argued against the suggestion that Mimas had an ocean because there is no sign of it on the surface.
To investigate more thoroughly, researchers looked at images taken by Cassini, a NASA spacecraft sent to study Satun. The images showed that the moon’s orbit around Saturn drifted by about six miles over 13 years. The team’s calculations found that the only way Mimas could move in this way is if it had a hidden ocean under the surface. They think the ocean formed when the moon’s core warmed up and melted some of the ice.
Mimas is just one of many moons that scientists think could have oceans below the surface Ganymede, which orbits Jupiter and is the largest moon in the solar system, has more water in its ocean than all of the oceans on the Earth. Titan, another of Saturn’s moons, is believed to have a salty ocean beneath the surface.
Space agencies want to study these oceans because they might be home to living organisms. However, the ocean on Mimas might not be old enough for life to have emerged there yet. It took hundreds of millions of years for life to develop on the Earth and the ocean on Mimas is relatively young; it is less than 25 million years old.
1. What is the exploration of Mimas aimed at in Paragraph 1?| A．Providing evidence for a hidden ocean. |
| B．Exploring the beginning of life in outer space. |
| C．Promoting research for space exploration. |
| D．Ensuring harmony between man and nature. |
| A．The discovery of Saturn’s moons. |
| B．The number and variety of moons orbiting Saturn. |
| C．The size and characteristics of Mimas. |
| D．The comparison between Satum and Mercury. |
| A．Confident. | B．Indifferent | C．Optimistic | D．Doubtful |
| A．To analyze its orbit. | B．To measure its size. |
| C．To observe its surface | D．To find landing sites. |
9 . Painting is an ancient medium and even with the introduction of photography, film and digital technology, it still has remained a persistent mode of expression. So many paintings have come into being over the years but only a small percentage of them could be described as “timeless classics”. The following are some of the most famous paintings of all time.
Leonardo Da Vinci, Mona Lisa, 1503—1519Painted between 1503 and 1519,Leonardo da Vinci’s attractive portrait has been a subject of controversy since the day it was made, due to two questions: Who’s the subject and why is she smiling? A number of theories for the former have been provided over the years: That she’s the wife of the Florentine merchant Francesco di Bartolomeo del Giocondo and that she’s Leonardo’s mother, Caterina. As for that famous smile, its quality has driven people crazy for hundreds of years.
James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Arrangement in Grey and Black No.1, 1871Whistler’s Mother, or Arrangement in Grey and Black No.1,as it’s actually titled, speaks to the artist’s ambition to pursue art for art’s sake. James Abbott McNeill Whistler painted the work in his London studio in 1871. Whistler’s mother Anna is pictured as one of several elements locked into an arrangement of right angles. Her severe expression fits in with the rigidity of the composition, and it’s somewhat ironic to note that despite Whistler’s formalist intentions, the painting became a symbol of motherhood.
Jan van Eyck, The Arnolfini Portrait,1434As one of the most significant works produced during the Northern Renaissance, this composition is believed to be one of the first paintings finished in oils. It portrays an Italian merchant and a woman who may or may not be his bride. In 1934.the celebrated art historian Erwin Panofsky proposed that the painting is actually a wedding contract. What can be reliably said is that the piece used orthogonal perspective to create a sense of space. It feels like a painting you could step into.
1. What aspect of the Mona Lisa has attracted people for centuries?| A．The research methods. | B．The mysterious smile. |
| C．The attractive clothing. | D．The matching of colors. |
| A．To show love for his mother. | B．To be a symbol of motherhood. |
| C．To express his artistic intention. | D．To decorate his studio in London. |
| A．Leonardo da Vinci. | B．James Abbott McNeill Whistler. |
| C．Jan van Eyck. | D．Erwin Panofsky. |
With the development of AI technology, the dream that you stay in bed and press a button to send a robot to do all the work may
