1 . When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.

After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.

The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.

He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.

Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.

“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”

1. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?

A．He was fond of traveling.	B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind.	D．He longed to be a doctor.

2. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?

A．To feed the animals.	B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants.	D．To test the eco-machine.

3. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?

A．To review John’s research plans.	B．To show an application of John’s idea.
C．To compare John’s different jobs.	D．To erase doubts about John’s invention.

4. What is the basis for John’s work?

A．Nature can repair itself.	B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse.	D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.

2 .    阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.

So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.

I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.

What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.

When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.

注意:
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3 . Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.

Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)

Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.

Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)

Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.

Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)

From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.

Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)

Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.

6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.

7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.

1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest?

A．Photography Workshops.	B．Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C．Canyon Talks at Artist Point.	D．Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.

2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about?

A．Works of famous artists.	B．Protection of wild animals.
C．Basic photography skills.	D．History of the canyon area.

3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?

A．Artist Point.	B．Washburn Trailhead.
C．Canyon Village Store.	D．Visitor Education Center.

4 . It is so easy to just go home and shut your door without getting to know your neighbors. But being an active neighbor will turn your living place into a kinder and more caring neighborhood.

    1    . You don’t have to show up with a fresh apple pie or anything like that. It’s truly as simple as saying hello, introducing yourself and asking a few open-ended questions. But they are the first step to becoming a kind neighbor.

Then get out of your comfort zone and make efforts to know more about your neighbors.     2    . And if you feel comfortable, let them know that you’re there to help, if they ever need another hand.

Another way to show your neighbors that you care is by making your small acts of kindness a regular practice. This can be cleaning up the litter or even cleaning up after the pets have made a mess on your block.     3    , you can ask your partner or kids to pick a bunch of flowers from the garden to give your new neighbor.     4    .

Remind yourself that being connected feels good and boosts your mood in the long run. If you take the first step, your small acts of kindness can encourage others to pay that kindness forward.     5    . Challenging as they are, reaching out to your neighbors is worth the efforts.

A．Or if you have an amazing garden

B．Remember, every small gesture counts

C．If you want to be respected and cared by your neighbors

D．For example, ask for their names and learn what they do for work

E．Your attitudes towards your friends also set an example for your kids

F．It doesn’t take a lot of money or a generous gesture to be an active neighbor

G．In the end, more and more people in the neighborhood will feel much better

5 . 下周，澳大利亚学生代表团将来你校参观访问，学生会邀请你代表全体学生向他们介绍一位中国名人，请根据以下提示写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. Who are you going to introduce?
2. What is special about him/her?
3. What big events did he/she experience in his/her life or what great achievements did he/ she get?
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.请拟一个合适的演讲标题。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Here is a little tale about the Chinese zodiac     1    (know) as Shengxiao, and     2    the rat became the first sign.

Legends tell us there was a great race between the     3    (animal) to decide the order of the lunar calendar. The finish line laid on a vast river, but the cunning rat hitched a ride on ox’s shoulder, singing a song to make a go faster, and got to     4    opposite bank without even     5    (get) his feet wet. Just before the finish line he quickly jumped off and slipped ahead to take first place. Diligent ox came second while     6    (speed) tiger and rabbit in third and fourth. Parting the clouds, brave dragon flew into fifth with small snake moving just behind. They     7    (follow) by horse and sheep, two kind and modest animals who each let the other go first. Monkey had fallen behind but made up ground to come     8    (nine), while rooster, dog and pig killed the last three places. With the race over and the places     9    (decide), the 12-year cycle of the Chinese zodiac came     10    being.

7 . Like many great ideas, Mahoney’s started small. In 2014, a friend invited her to perform an act of kindness to old men as a Facebook challenge. So Wagner occurred to her, a kind senior who was not only busy helping young people in_________, but also_________at the homeless shelter.

Mahoney wanted to_________Wagner better, so she asked to_________a day together. “It was the first time in years that someone had made a day about him,” says Mahoney. Their_________one-day experience made Mahoney think: How many other seniors might_________that kind of devoted attention? And had some seniors delayed their own dreams because they had been_________busy caring for others?

At the time, there was a student named Chisholm_________at the pub. He was_________interested, so they made a plan: to find local seniors with long time dreams and realize them. They soon settled on a(n)____________for their new charity: We Are Young, or WAY for____________.

By 2017, after organizing golf tournaments to____________funds, they were ready to realize their first wish. Since then, WAY has realized 38 dreams____________from taking a helicopter trip to____________ a football game in Qatar. Seniors can apply; wishes are then assessed by a committee that looks at factors such as____________conditions and financial need.

Although their____________operates only in Nova Scotia, each WAY wish is recorded and spread through a video. Mahoney and Chisholm have their own____________— the pair want people to be____________to realize a dream for a senior. “We want to create a nationwide movement that____________how we view and support seniors,” says Mahoney. “That is considered our social mission, and that is the difference our organization is trying to make to the____________.”

1.

A．need

B．advance

C．brief

D．line

2.

A．performed

B．lived

C．volunteered

D．studied

3.

A．introduce

B．accompany

C．interview

D．know

4.

A．waste

B．spend

C．wait

D．save

5.

A．sad

B．fixed

C．shared

D．regretful

6.

A．pay for

B．take over

C．count on

D．benefit from

7.

A．intentionally

B．selflessly

C．particularly

D．luckily

8.

A．working

B．begging

C．crying

D．voting

9.

A．hardly

B．secretly

C．randomly

D．equally

10.

A．address

B．name

C．advertisement

D．poster

11.

A．short

B．certain

C．free

D．real

12.

A．return

B．owe

C．refuse

D．raise

13.

A．learning

B．differing

C．ranging

D．suffering

14.

A．creating

B．watching

C．advertising

D．inventing

15.

A．physical

B．natural

C．emotional

D．athletic

16.

A．meeting

B．class

C．pub

D．organization

17.

A．skills

B．dreams

C．memories

D．pains

18.

A．inspired

B．envied

C．ordered

D．appointed

19.

A．ignores

B．decreases

C．changes

D．punishes

20.

A．conference

B．experiment

C．society

D．job

8 . Leave a book in a public place, so that someone else can pick it up and read it, then leave it again for another person. In an ideal situation, the book, once brought into the bookcrossing movement, can travel for years.     1    

One can always go through bookshelves and find a few books that do not quite belong there anymore.     2    Quite the opposite, bookcrossing is about giving books which you no longer like a new life. Someone will certainly like the books you did not enjoy.

After choosing the book you want to share with others, use its ISBN code or a title and register it at the official bookcrossing site.     3    Either print a label or write the rules of bookcrossing on the first page of the book. Include the unique code.

    4    In big cities, there may be special bookcrossing zones that cafes and libraries choose to open. However, it is a frequent practice to leave books “in the wild”: on a bench in a park, or in a tourist spot. It is a good idea to pack the book in a transparent plastic bag, in case of the bad weather.

Once the book has been found and registered, you will get e-mails. You will keep getting them every time someone finds your book in the future. Since its launch in 2003，the movement has gathered over a million members who have sent almost eleven million books out to travel.     5    A very noble goal, indeed!

A．Leave the book somewhere in public.

B．Attract the attention of potential readers.

C．Its purpose is to connect people through books.

D．You will get a unique code for the book from the site.

E．Are some authors fond of sending their own books around?

F．Must you contribute your favourite books to bookcrossing?

G．And it changes owners around the world and spreads love for reading.

9 . The first person to live to 150 may already have been born, according to scientists. Worldwide life expectancy has more than doubled in the last 200 years and recent research shows it yet to reach a peak. So, what will life look like living to see your great-great-grandchildren and beyond?

Longevity (长寿) is one of the modern world’s great successes and science is beginning to find evidence that our genes have a lot to do with whether we will live a longer life. Researchers at Harvard Medical School in the US are convinced they have found a so-called “longevity gene” and are testing whether the addition of this gene to mice extends their lives. The long-term aim is to find a way of controlling the gene to add an extra decade or two to human life with gene therapy.

But, what other factors can you adopt now to extend your life? Firstly, exercise regularly. Just 30 minutes of gentle exercise three times a week can add years to our life expectancy. Secondly, a little of what you like does you good! Scientists believe that having small amounts of things we would normally classify as harmful might be good for us, such as chocolate, coffee or sunbathing! Thirdly, where you live can influence your life. So try to live somewhere peaceful and quiet where you get on with your neighbours.

Other factors include eating a healthy diet high in fruit, vegetables, fibre and Omega-3 oils, and keeping an active mind. A sense of community can help too, keeping in touch with family and friends.

So, living to 150 might be a realistic expectation for teenagers today thanks to future scientific advances. There is a certain amount of destiny with the genes you are born with but also you can help yourself by ensuring you stay fit and healthy for longer.

1. What do researchers at Harvard focus on?

A．Diet.

B．Mind.

C．Gene.

D．Exercise.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Supporting evidence for the research of genes.

B．Potential application of the research in Harvard.

C．A further explanation of the factors of longevity.

D．A reasonable doubt about the factors of longevity.

3. What is the author’s attitude towards living to 150?

A．Unclear.

B．Optimistic.

C．Indifferent.

D．Pessimistic.

4. Which can be a suitable title of the text?

A．How to Live to 150	B．Genes Decide Lifetime
C．Stay Healthy by Exercise	D．The Importance of Healthy Living

10 . Hundreds of little robots are rolling around colleges and cities in the United States, Britain and elsewhere. The robots, about 50 centimeters tall, are bringing food like pizza to hungry students.

The Starship robots were being tested in limited numbers before the pandemic started. But pandemic-related worker shortages and a desire for contactless delivery have expanded their use. “We saw demand for robot usage just go through the ceiling,” said Alastair. He is the head of Starship Technologies，whose robots recently made their 2 millionth delivery. “I think demand was always there, but it was brought forward by the pandemic effect.”

The Starship robots use cameras, sensors and GPS to move around and even cross streets on their own at the speed of 8 kilometers per hour. Operators keep watch on several robots at a time but they say they rarely need to stop or move them around a barrier. When a robot arrives, people enter a code from their phones to open the robot and get their food.

There are some limitations for now. The Starship robots have to be recharged regularly. They are slow and cannot travel far. They cannot leave food at the door. And big cities like New York and London are not welcoming them.

Maloney is the vice president at Domino’s Pizza. His company is testing robots from Nuro, a California-based company. The Nuro robots are about 1.8 meters tall and can travel at a top speed of 40 kilometers on streets, not sidewalks. Maloney said Nuro delivery costs more than using human drivers for now. But as the technology gets more popular, the costs will go down.

Witcher is a technology expert with Forrester. He said it is easy to get excited about robots. But they will need to prove to companies they are better than human delivery drivers. It is “the right time and place for companies considering robots to test them and learn from them and do their own evaluation.”

1. What does the underlined phrase “go through the ceiling” in par graph 2 mean?

A．Stay steady.	B．Change quickly.
C．Increase rapidly.	D．Decline gradually.

2. What can we learn about the Starship robots?

A．They are popular in large cities.

B．They can cross streets on their own.

C．They should be recharged frequently.

D．They travel at a speed of 18 km per hour.

3. What does Maloney think of Nuro delivery?

A．It is cheap.	B．It is promising.
C．It isn’t fast enough.	D．It isn’t worth testing.

4. Which statement will Witcher probably agree with?

A．Robots should be tested and evaluated.

B．Robots should be applied in villages soon.

C．Robots should be put into massive production.

D．Robots are less popular because of the pandemic.