1 . Through intense effort，Yuan Longping o________（克服）enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice. （根据中英文提示填空）

2 . In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, ________ climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. (用适当的词填空)