1 . A new study, published in The Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication interactions that included voice, like a phone call or video chat, created stronger social bonds than communication through typing, like text messaging or email.
In the study, researchers used various experiments to gauge (测量) connectedness. In one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people predicted that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone’s voice actually made the experience better. However, people who participated in the experiment reported that they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone versus email, and they did not feel more awkward.
In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connected by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio(声音). They found that both forms of voice communication — whether video or audio only — made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated via text.
Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City, says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience, as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can express thoughts without being disturbed.
Romanoff says that in reality, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message. In face-to-face communication, people are able to gauge the meaning behind the content more easily without thinking the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation.
1. What is the purpose of the study?A.To encourage people to let their fingers do the talking. |
B.To introduce the effects of verbal and non-verbal communications. |
C.To show the strengths and weaknesses of making phone calls. |
D.To compare connectedness of communication through voice and typing. |
A.Typing a letter. | B.Sending an email. |
C.Texting a message. | D.Having a video chat. |
A.It’s easy to express the true meaning of a conversation by texting. |
B.A phone call can convey information more exactly than texting. |
C.It’s not a good way to communicate face to face. |
D.Texting is more convenient than calling. |
A.Being more formal. | B.Being less awkward. |
C.Being more straightforward. | D.Being less expensive. |
2 . Retired couple May Proctor, 71, and her husband Rod, 73, have transformed their garden into a fairyland(仙境) themed light show for local kids to enjoy. May and Rod came up with the concept last year but this time is to be the biggest display yet. The mystical (神秘的) garden is open for children to walk through and upon entry they will find a “fairy world” filled with pizza shops, very small shops and a magical forest. This year the home itself has been transformed according to Alice in Wonderland.
May says she is a fairy fan and that the huge amount of decoration is worth it for the magic. “I’ve always liked to make a bit of a magical garden, but this year I’ve just been excited.” she said.“Especially it’s just magic at night, absolutely amazing.”
An ex-dinner lady, May Proctor, the native, said she and her husband never planned on doing the light display this year. Then as autumn approached, the couple felt that they had to show something. So they decided again to go on to create a light display.
The topic for this year’s fairy display—Fairy Lane in Wonderland—is inspired by the mystical world of Lewis Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland.
Throughout the house and garden, visitors will go down a rabbit hole into a fantastic kingdom. “Last year it was just outside, but this year it’s inside, and it’s just amazing,” May explained.
“Outside, I’ve made my own fairies and they were hung with the flowers, so it looks like a real Christmas fairyland. But inside, we’ve got some stage properties—so we’ve got a mirror with all Alice in Wonderland features around it. The kids absolutely love it, but I only let ten to twelve inside at a time due to the pandemic (流行病), where they can sit down and have their pictures taken.”
1. What can we know about May Proctor from Paragraph 1?A.She lives in a fairy land. |
B.She is familiar with Alice in Wonderland. |
C.She has many small shops in the town. |
D.She has many children and grandchildren. |
A.Satisfied. | B.Regretful. | C.Worried. | D.Expected. |
A.Walking through the house. |
B.Walking through the garden. |
C.Going down a rabbit hole. |
D.Going through a magic mirror. |
A.The garden was really small. |
B.She was concerned about their health. |
C.The hole is too narrow to get into. |
D.There were not many kids enjoying the display. |
3 . Everybody knows that Massachusetts is a great place to see fall leaves. But surely there are other places to catch the leaves turning green to reddish-golden? The short answer is yes.
Aspen, Colorado
Aspen—as its name suggests—doesn’t fail to impress with its backdrop of majestic snow-capped mountains. Head to the Maroon Bells to look into mirror-like lakes to see double: on a calm day, the mountains and trees are reflected in the still waters.
Bavaria, Germany
Take a trip into a Brothers Grimm fairytale. Not only can you catch breathtaking views—such as castles emerging from red, green and golden trees—but you can experience the region’s fall traditions, such as the “Almabtrieb” event, bringing in the cattle from the grasslands, and local parish (教区) fairs, called “Kirchweih-Feste” where beer is everywhere.
Catskills, Upstate New York
If spotting fall in one state isn’t enough, head to the Catskills, where you can see five states at once. Head to the Northern Catskills of Greene County, to the “Five State Lookout” in Windham, where you can view treetops in New York, Vermont, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire, as well as beautiful scenery of the Hudson River Valley.
Edinburgh, Scotland
This city is made for fall with its tree-lined streets and big open parks. Head to Princes Street Gardens, which is home to some of the city’s most typical monuments, such as the storybook-style Gardeners’ Cottage and the Scott Monument, or take a hike through Holyrood Park, marveling as the russet tones (红褐色) cover the rolling hills which climb up to the famed Arthurs Seat offering full views of the city and beyond.
1. What is a special view of the Maroon Bells?A.Typical monuments in Scottish style. |
B.Beautiful castles among golden trees. |
C.Clear lakes with reflections of surroundings. |
D.Mountains completely covered with snow. |
A.Aspen, Colorado. | B.Catskills, Upstate New York. |
C.Bavaria, Germany. | D.Edinburgh, Scotland. |
A.To explain how to develop hobbies in the fall. |
B.To stress the importance of traveling in the fall. |
C.To introduce some places to appreciate fall leaves. |
D.To describe how lo enjoy fall leaves with your own eyes. |
4 . Think back to the last time you shopped for fruits and vegetables. You may have noticed some items labelled with the word “organic”.
“Organic” refers to the way food is grown. To be labelled as organic, food production must meet strict guidelines. These can be different depending on where you live. In the United States, organic foods must be grown or raised without using pesticides or chemical fertilizers.
The organic movement was started to get back to the old traditional ways of farming. Why? Many believe the chemicals and pesticides used in modern farming can be harmful to your health.
Have you ever compared organic and non-organic foods at the grocery store? If so, you know that organic food tend to cost more. This happens for many reasons. Organic farming produces fewer crops.
Is organic food worth the extra cost? Some people believe it is. They may think it tastes better or just prefer to eat food that has not been grown using chemicals.
A.Have you ever wondered what that means? |
B.The cost of production is also usually higher. |
C.For most of history, almost all food was organic. |
D.Many people are willing to pay more for organic food. |
E.Some also think organic foods are naturally more nutritious. |
F.Are you wondering if organic food is right for you? |
G.Scientists have studied organic and non-organic foods for many years now. |
5 . Jeremi was doing homework when he heard a thump (重击声). A bird had flown into the window and fallen onto the balcony. Jeremi rushed to check. Just when he was about to open the door, it flew away.
Not all birds are so lucky. According to a study , between 365 million and a billion birds are killed each year in the United States by flying into glass.
“Birds don’t mean to fly into buildings. It’s the reflectivity of the windows that tricks them,” says Christine Sheppard, director of the glass-collisions program at the American Bird Conservancy. “When birds see reflections of trees — to them, they are just more trees that they can fly into.”
Sheppard and others, including environmentalists and building designers, work to make buildings bird-friendly to lower the number of bird collisions. One method is to use less glass. Another is to cover a glass building with some kind of screen. A third method is to use special glass.
Officials agreed to use patterned glass to take the place of some glass in 2009. Building designer Piselli worked on the project. “We need to consider what humans need and what birds need,” Piselli says. He notes that with glass, “ the main thing is to put something on it that birds can see, so they are not tricked by reflections and people can still enjoy daylight through the glass.”
Work on the Javits Center project was completed in 2014. “We ended up bringing down collisions by more than 90%,” Piselli says.
1. Why did the author think the bird was lucky?A.It wasn’t hurt by an enemy. | B.It could fly freely in the sky. |
C.It wasn’t killed after hitting the window. | D.It received good care from its owner. |
A.They need to stop to have a rest. |
B.They want to play tricks on humans. |
C.They’re trying to get inside the buildings. |
D.They’re confused by reflections in the windows. |
A.Reasons for making friends with birds. | B.Ways to make buildings safer for birds. |
C.The disadvantages of glass windows. | D.Great examples of new high buildings. |
A.It was very successful. |
B.It was unacceptable to bird lovers. |
C.It took longer to complete than expected. |
D.It played a big role in stopping air pollution. |
6 . The coming week will be very wonderful with so many events for you to refresh your hearts.
Dark drama
An interactive, experimental drama will be staged. The show uses topical events from 2020 such as the breakout of COVID-19 and the return of Chang’e V.
7:30 pm, Jan 2-Jan 6, at Eastern Avant-garde Theatre of China. Tel: 6527-6911.
Rising stars
Young musicians who are actually students at Beijing No.101 High School will feature in a concert. The talented youngsters will play works by Beethoven and other famous composers.
7:30 pm, Dec 30 at Beijing Concert Hall, 1 Beixinhuajie. Tel: 6605-7006.
New Years Eve Concert
The China Philharmonic Youth Chorus will present a New Year’s Eve Concert, conducted by Wu Lingfen. Piano will be played by Peter Seivewright and trumpet by Ying Cai. Some excellent programmes will be displayed.
7:30 pm, Dec 31 at Forbidden City Concert Hall. Tel: 6559-8285.
Movie Anniversary Spectacular
Chinese movie stars will display their talents to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the birth of Chinese cinema. They will sing theme songs and share their personal thoughts with the public.
7:30 pm, Jan 1, at the Great Hall of the People, west of Tian’anmen. Tel: 8589 -5049.
1. When can you enjoy the concert performed by middle school students?A.7:30 pm, Dec 31. | B.7:30 pm, Dec 30. | C.7:30 pm, Jan 1. | D.7:30 pm, Jan 2-Jan 6. |
A.Enjoy a concert by students. | B.Watch a drama. |
C.Hear movie stars sing theme songs. | D.Attend a concert by a chorus. |
A.The Great Hall of the People. | B.Eastern Avant-garde Theatre of China. |
C.Forbidden City Concert Hall. | D.Beijing Concert Hall. |
7 . Amazing places need visiting
From man-made marvels such as the Great Wall and Taj Mahal to natural wonders like the Grand Canyon and Iguazu Falls, these amazing sites should be at the top of your travel list.
No.1 The Great Wall is generally considered as a symbol of China. The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders in the world, too. The Chinese call it the wall of 10,000 Li, which goes from the east to the west.
No.2 The Taj Mahal is universally recognized as the greatest building in India. Emperor Shah Jahan ordered to build this architecture for being used as the tomb of his wife.
No.3 The Grand Canyon has been there over the past six million years by Colorado River activity. It is one of the longest and deepest valleys in the world. Its red rocks make it a must-see -before-you-die place. Want to bring your four-leg friend along? The Grand Canyon is also among the best pet-friendly national parks!
No.4 The Great Barrier Reef, off the coast of Queensland Australia, is the largest living thing on earth. It’s so huge that you can see it from outer space! This 1,429-mile ecosystem is home to many sea creatures, including around 400 kinds of coral, 1,500 species of fish. Not surprisingly it is one of the best places for scuba divers.
1. If you plan a trip to enjoy Indian architecture, which is the best place to go?A.The Great Barrier Reef. | B.The Great Wall. |
C.The Taj Mahal. | D.The Grand Canyon. |
A.India | B.China | C.America | D.Australia |
A.A travel magazine. | B.A science fiction. |
C.A newspaper. | D.An essay. |
8 . I often find myself drawn to books that explore rural settings. Here are a few books that I've read and loved.
Rush Oh!
by Shirley Barrett
Rush Oh! is one of the most touching books I’ve read. It follows the Davidsons, a whaling family from Wales. After the death of her mother, Mary Davidson has many worries: her five siblings(兄弟姐妹)and caring for her father. The author Barrett’s exploration of this world and her characters are bittersweet and humorous.
Questions of Travel
by Michelle de Kretser
Questions of Travel, is a portrait of Ravi, a Sri Lankan refugee(难民)who flees to Australia after his wife and son’s death, and Laura, a young woman who moves to London and back again. The writing is beautiful and touching. Never before have I read Sydney brought so vividly to life.
The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt
by Tracy Farr
Lena Gaunt, in her 80s, looks back on her long and fascinating life. She has eventually traveled widely as a player of an instrument. Lena Gaunt reveals the parts of her life that gave he joy—her music, her daughter, Grace, and her lover-as well as those touched by the sadness of loss.
Too Easy
by J. M. Green
Too Easy is an irresistible novel starring Stella Hardy, a social worker in Melbourne. When one of Stella's clients is murdered and a neighbor goes missing, Stella begins to investigate. The plot sets a cracking pace through police investigations and journeys to Western Australia.
1. Which of the following is set in Sydney?A.Rush Oh! | B.The Life and Loves of Lena Gaunt |
C.Too Easy | D.Questions of Travel |
A.Bittersweet teenage experiences. | B.Attractive musical instruments. |
C.Heart-shaking investigations. | D.Happiness and sorrow in life. |
A.To recommend excellent writers. | B.To analyze book qualities. |
C.To introduce good works. | D.To express personal values. |
9 . Ellis Island is located in New York Harbor. Ellis Island is open daily year-round from 9:30am to 5:00pm, with extended hours during summer. It is closed on December 25. There is no admission charge to Ellis Island; donations are gratefully accepted.
At Your Fingertips
Park information (212) 363- 7620
Emergencies (212 ) 363- 3260
Ferryboat information (212) 269- 5755
Lost and found (212) 344- 7620
Dining, gifts, & audio tour (212) 344- 0996
Transportation
Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Ferry: Boats leave from Battery Park, Manhattan, and from Liberty State Park, New Jersey. They run about every 30 to 45 minutes beginning at 9: 15 am(ferry schedule subject to change).
Hours: May vary; call the number below
Closed: December 25
Ferry fees (Includes Liberty and Ellis Islands): adults, $ 7; senior citizens, $6; children(age 3 to 17), $ 3. (lower group rates are available for 25 or more adults)
Ticket & schedule information: (212) 269- 5755
1. In summer, visitors will have ___________ to visit Ellis Island.A.no enough money | B.a longer time | C.a shorter time | D.a wonderful time |
A.(212) 344- 0996 | B.(212) 363- 7620 | C.(212 ) 363- 3260 | D.(212) 269- 5755 |
A.People can visit Ellis Island free of charge. |
B.The boats departure time from Battery Park is at 9:15 a.m. all the year round. |
C.Ferry fees for children are cheaper than for adults. |
D.Ferry fees for group visitors can be reduced. |
A.visitors prefer to go to Ellis Island by boat | B.there are more visitors in winter |
C.Ellis Island is open every day | D.Boat is the only transportation to Ellis Island |
A.with whom | B.whose | C.which | D.with whose |