1 . Bees are known to tell time by light and social clues. Now, researchers have shown that the biological clocks of bees can be changed by another surprising factor: temperature cycles inside the hive (蜂巢).
The researchers tried to better understand how bees lived in areas beyond where light entered the hive.They were surprised to find clear temperature fluctuations across the day throughout the hive, which was caused by daylight.
To understand how important this temperature cycle was to a bee's activity, the researchers put bees in total darkness all the time while exposing them to the temperature cycles they observed within the hive. Six days later, the scientists moved the temperature cycle back by six hours. “We saw that the bees changed their activity with the temperature, meaning their daily routines were reactive to temperature,” a researcher said.
The discovery that bees can tell exact time from temperature cycles inside the hive shows that on a cloudy day or when bees aren't going outdoors, they have other means to tell time exactly. This will affect the way that researchers understand, explain and combine what they know of bee behavior.
More broadly, as more extreme weather events occur around the world, bees will face challenges to continuing the activities that keep them and the agriculture they support healthy and energetic. If part of the southern U.S. is hit with an unexpected snowstorm, bees getting ready to search for food might not realize they need to save energy and heat the hive. In the event of a 100-degree day, bees will have to spend a lot of energy keeping the hive co. It is those considerations that will influence hive health or possible hive breakdown.
"We want to see how important this research is this winter in Tennessee,when bees aren't leaving the hive as much," researchers said. "We will be interested to see how our findings apply to zones where temperature varies more greatly across the year." This research will also reshape how researchers think about bees' biological rhythms.
1. What does the underlined word "fluctuations" in paragraph 2 probably mean?A.Measures | B.Changes. | C.Approaches. | D.Functions |
A.It was carried out at night. | B.It was based on a previous study |
C.It analyzed bees' daily routines. | D.It studied how bees react to challenges |
A.Significance | B.result | C.process | D.background |
A.Lights Affect Bees' Biological Clocks | B.Bee Behavior Surprises Researchers |
C.Bees React Smartly to Extreme Weather | D.Bees Can Tell Time by Temperature |
2 . No matter how old you are, spending the night high up in the trees is an exciting idea. And with nature holidays becoming ever more popular, we’ve put together a list of some jaw-dropping reserves (度假区) from around the world to add to your travel wish list.
Leopard Hills Private Game Reserve — Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa
Sitting high above the South African forest, this impressive reserve owns private decks with swimming pools overlooking the whole reserve. Every day, tourists can take trips on dirt roads to sec wild animals like lions and elephants in the area. Nighttime lets you catch a sight of nocturnal animals, which are active only at nights, coming right up to the reserve's doorsteps.
Tree House Lodge— Puerto Viejo, Costa Rica
Live your best Robinson Crusoe lift at the Tree House Lodge in Costa Rica. After a long day of swimming and having fun in the outdoor hot spring, following an instructor-led yoga class or simply lying lazily in your hammock (吊床), it’s time to hit the beach. It's no big deal, since the beautiful blue waves of the Caribbean are just a short walk away.
The Tree House Resort — Chandwaji, India
The Tree House Resort is a fancy place to stay, located in the trees and full of tropical joy. Here, nature is peaceful except for quiet moments. From the windows at night, you can sec the Aravalli mountains and hear only the sounds of crickets (蟋蟀).
1. Which tourists might be attracted to Leopard Hills Private Game Reserve?A.Tourists who love wildlife. | B.Tourists who like the ocean. |
C.Tourists who enjoy quietness. | D.Tourists who like sports. |
A.The opportunity to go swimming | B.The chance to admire the mountains. |
C.The convenience of enjoying beaches | D.The availability of outdoor activities. |
A.To list some possible activities | B.To recommend some amazing reserves. |
C.To compare these wonderful reserves. | D.To show the advantages of living in a tree. |
3 . Rivers are very important. Humans rely on them for food and water. But rivers can destroy things, too. They can flood, or rise over their banks, making the water run into the nearby land. Floods can also kill humans and wildlife. However, floods are not always bad. Some ecosystems need them every once in a while.
Flooding can not only harm animals but also destroy habitats. For example, a flood in Australia in 2022 caused massive animal habitat loss. Flood waters can pick up dirt (泥土) from riverbanks, which makes the water dirty. Too much dirt will clog rivers and streams, preventing the river from flowing. Sometimes flood waters can carry pollution to the sea and harm marine life. In addition, flood waters can carry disease, including hepatitis A (甲肝) and cholera (霍乱) .
However, not everything about floods is bad. Sometimes they bring new life to ecosystems. Flood waters carry nutrients to the nearby land. Over time, the water dries up and leaves behind particles (微粒) of dirt and mud. The particles are called sediment (沉淀物) which can be good due to its ability to improve the dirt and helps plants grow. Floods are important to some animals as well. For instance, some animals see floods as a sign that it is time to mate or migrate. Floods leave sediment on river beds where baby fish can grow and carry nutrients for small animals in the water to eat. Moreover, in dry seasons, water might dry up, but floods help refill the wetlands, keeping the ecosystem going.
Floods are a part of nature. They can destroy living things and the environment. But some ecosystems need floods to survive.
1. What's the possible meaning of the underlined word “clog” in Paragraph 2?A.Become. | B.Pollute. | C.Block. | D.Develop. |
A.Nutrients carried by floods can make soil richer. |
B.Floods make all the animals migrate more easily. |
C.Tiny fish going with floods feed some animals. |
D.Floods can improve the dirt and help plants grow. |
A.The way in which floods feed animals. | B.The benefits of floods to ecosystems. |
C.An effective means of improving soil. | D.The reason for people's appreciating floods. |
A.The Many Effects of Flooding | B.The Secret of Flooding |
C.Floods-Everything Is So Bad | D.Floods-a Part of Nature |
4 . Hansen and his 10-year-old son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch. They started Project Empathy (共情) four years ago to
“Just start with a smile, a hello. It really just starts with that. If you do it, you can make a connection. A small gesture can have a
Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger
Father and son’s
“My hope for the future is to
A.buy | B.cook | C.share | D.eat |
A.often | B.further | C.also | D.even |
A.great | B.different | C.hard | D.little |
A.replied | B.thought | C.joked | D.acted |
A.desires | B.connections | C.promises | D.opinions |
A.provided | B.allowed | C.enjoyed | D.housed |
A.through | B.for | C.despite | D.to |
A.surprised | B.relaxed | C.awesome | D.calm |
A.dreams | B.influences | C.experiences | D.efforts |
A.trains | B.compares | C.highlights | D.respects |
A.importance | B.task | C.chance | D.role |
A.argument | B.problem | C.debt | D.job |
A.go away | B.grow popular | C.fade out | D.give off |
A.spread | B.miss | C.exchange | D.maintain |
A.before | B.if | C.until | D.so |
A.The woman. | B.The man. | C.The man’s wife. |
A.Animals. | B.Fears. | C.Childhood. |
A.An Italian engineer. | B.A student. | C.A teacher. |
1. 你最难忘的一次庆祝端午节的经历;
2. 邀请他来体验即将来临的端午节。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua