1 . Coastal communities around the world are using coir, material from coconuts (a kind of large fruit), to reduce shoreline erosion (侵蚀). People use coir to build barriers, protecting beaches from getting washed away by the force of waves. The material is common and costs a lot less than barriers made of other materials, like wood, steel or concrete.
One project is being built along part of an eroded riverbank in Neptune, New Jersey. The effort has already greatly improved areas that were badly damaged by erosion during Superstorm Sandy in 2012. “We’re always trying to reduce wave energy while protecting the shoreline,” said Tim Dillingham, the director of the group who runs the project. “And whenever we can, we like to use nature-based solutions.”
The coconut-based material is designed to break down over time. But before it does, it is sometimes pre-seeded with shoreline plants and grasses. The coir material holds the plants in place as they grow, finally breaking down and leaving the established plants in place to keep the shoreline from eroding.
In Boston, Julia Hopkins from Northeastern University is also using coir, wood chips and other material to create barriers to slow the force of waves. A test project has four coconut-based barriers in waterways around Boston. Hopkins is pleased with the results she has seen so far. She said the coconut material is not costly and is actually being recycled rather than thrown away.
The method does not always work, however. In 2016, the Felix Neck Wildlife Sanctuary (a wildlife protection area) in Edgartown, Massachusetts, built barriers around a salt marsh, an area of coastal grassland, that had eroded in the past. While the effort did help reduce erosion for a while, the material did not last long because of strong waves.
“It got blown out many times,” said Suzan Bellincampi, the sanctuary’s director.“ We had it in place for a few years and we decided not to fix it again. The project was really interesting in terms of what we wanted to do and how we changed it. It works in some places; it doesn’t work in all places.”
1. What are communities near the coast doing?| A．They are making use of wave energy. |
| B．They are building barriers to prepare for storms. |
| C．They are fighting to stop shoreline erosion. |
| D．They are developing new materials from coconuts. |
| A．Well developed. | B．Ready to plant. | C．Newly planted. | D．Hard to find. |
| A．Carefree. | B．Favorable. | C．Unclear. | D．Doubtful. |
| A．To encourage more places to follow the method. |
| B．To stress the importance of using the method to protect nature. |
| C．To show that the method is not a one-size-fits-all solution. |
| D．To explain how to change the method according to local conditions. |
Marcus was really excited to watch a solar eclipse(日食) in Bloomfield on a sunny Saturday afternoon. He set up the telescope he’d borrowed from his teacher on an open area near the baseball field, where the school baseball team was practicing. Marcus didn’t like baseball; he was more interested in the stars. A solar eclipse was a special event, and he didn’t want to miss it.
While the baseball team practiced, Marcus paid no attention to them. As he looked through his telescope at the sun, the moon started covering it, creating a cool crescent shape (月牙形). Marcus was amazed by it. He wished he could share this moment with someone who loved it as much as he did.
Then, the baseball coach, Bernardi, announced over the loud speaker that the baseball game was put off for 30 minutes because of the solar eclipse. Coach Bernardi’s announcement brought Mareus back. to reality. He realized he was alone near the baseball field, holding his telescope. He had been so into the eclipse that he didn’t notice a baseball flying toward him. It hit the telescope and broke the lens(镜片).
Marcus was angry, and he shouted, wondering who had thrown the baseball at him. He picked up the ball and headed toward the baseball field. He was worried about telling his teacher, Mr. Baker, about the broken telescope. Sure, it wasn’t his fault, but he had positioned the telescope near the baseball field, and he still felt he should take responsibility.
As Marcus stepped onto the baseball field, he realized some fans and players were watching the eclipse. Each person was trying to get a chance to look through the telescopes that some fans had brought to watch the eclipse. Marcus noticed a boy running toward him. ”I’m really sorry about what happened with your telescope. I didn’t mean to break it. I should have been more careful," said the boy, with a sincere expression.
注意：1.续写词数应为150 左右;2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Marcus understood that it was just an accident.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________After a while, it was Marcus’s turn to look through the telescope.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________As with any other cuisine, appearance, smell and taste are extremely important in enjoying Chinese food. Besides these basic elements, however, there is something unique
Another element of Chinese cuisine is the art of cutting. So you might like to consider the way that the ingredients are cut
4 . An elderly woman using a hairdryer as a radar gun (雷达枪) has become the talk of the town in Montana.
Patti, a grandmother living near the busy Glacier National Park, observed that
Her creative approach to road safety didn’t go
Patti shared her story on The Kelly Clarkson Show, explaining, “We’re very
Her story serves as a
| A．parking | B．speeding | C．accident | D．fight |
| A．Curious | B．Surprised | C．Afraid | D．Concerned |
| A．hands | B．head | C．plan | D．pockets |
| A．enjoyed | B．protected | C．stationed | D．cleaned |
| A．record | B．check | C．limit | D．mark |
| A．unpunished | B．unsolved | C．unnoticed | D．undoubted |
| A．confused | B．frightened | C．satisfied | D．amused |
| A．hobbies | B．experiences | C．approaches | D．efforts |
| A．congratulation | B．appreciation | C．expectation | D．satisfaction |
| A．trusted | B．memorized | C．presented | D．comforted |
| A．close | B．blessed | C．beneficial | D．unique |
| A．break in | B．show up | C．pull over | D．flashed by |
| A．test | B．reminder | C．lesson | D．symbol |
| A．encouragement | B．improvement | C．creativity | D．generosity |
| A．promise | B．decision | C．profit | D．difference |
5 . Disagreements have arisen in Northern France after many ancient standing stones were damaged to make way for a new hardware chain(五金连锁店).
About 39 stones, dating back at least 7,000 years, were removed from the site, which sits on one of Europe’s most famous prehistoric attractions, Agence France-Presse (AFP) reported. “The site has been damaged,” local archaeologist Christian Obeltz told AFP.
Carnac, often described as “French Stonehenge”， is famous for its spreading fields of large tall stones. The stones are arranged in long, straight lines and, according to the Carnac Tourist Office, it is the largest collection of this type of standing stone in the world. The two main sites alone, at Menec and Kermarjo, house nearly 3,000 standing monuments covering over 4 miles.
The purpose of this ancient curiosity is still unknown. Many believe it may have had something to do with religion, while others think it could have served as a farming calendar. One idea even suggests that the stones are connected to a sad event that happened to a Roman army.
The Regional Office of Cultural Affairs for Brittany, which is responsible for protecting the cultural monument, made a statement on disagreements over building the store on Wednesday. “Given the uncertain and non-major character of the remains, damage to a site of historical value has not been established,” the statement said. However, Obeltz mentioned that there hasn’t been enough research in the area to decide whether the stones were historically important.
News of building the store has caused a storm of angry comments on social media, with many expressing their thoughts on the loss of the ancient stones. “Poor Carnac! The commodification(商品化) of the world prepares the man without memories,” said Philippe de Villiers, France’s former Secretary of State for Culture.
“In Carnac,39 standing stone monuments survived Julius Caesar, World War I and World War II. But not Mr. DIY!” the Twitter account Dom Revolution wrote.
1. What happened to the 39 stones?| A．They were sold to a store. | B．They were worn with time. |
| C．They were moved away. | D．They were used to build a building. |
| A．Its unique shape. | B．Its large size. |
| C．Its long rich history. | D．Its connection with an army. |
| A．The site has low historical value. | B．The site needs government protection. |
| C．The site is not very well-known. | D．The site should have been studied more. |
| A．To share people’s last memories of Carnac. |
| B．To stress the importance of protecting Carnac. |
| C．To show public anger at Carnac’s situation. |
| D．To give more information about Carnac’s history. |
Avoiding people in a small town requires the skills of a spy. Alban, 22, hasn’t seen or spoken to his junior school teacher, Ms Taylor, in his town for many years.
In Grade 9, Alban argued fiercely with one of his classmates, Robert. Robert grabbed his arm and verbally (言语) threatened him. When Alban turned to Ms Taylor, hoping for help, she kept silent and seemed to be thinking about something. Before she spoke, Alban rushed out angrily. That was the end of his relationship with Ms Taylor who had been the one person in school he could depend on. Then Alban moved like a ghost, taking precautions to stay far away from Ms Taylor.
One day after graduation from college, Alban was halfway home when he felt his cellphone vibrate (震动). It was Julia, the monitor in Grade 9, who had announced the classmate reunion and Ms Taylor’s retirement ceremony, which would be held in the school meeting room. Alban’s heart sank. Although he missed his classmates, Alban felt embarrassed to attend the reunion. Ms. Taylor would be there!
Despite his hesitation, Alban arrived on time for the big day. From where he sat, Alban saw his teacher, thin and tired, walk unsteadily into the room. She had not been well. Alban hesitantly walked over to her. He didn’t say much, just a few pleasant words. No hug or smile. Many people crowded in. The ceremony began and Alban sat there, just listening to the speeches of Ms Taylor and other students.
After the party Ms Taylor’s image, present and past, always haunted (萦绕) him. Alban’s memory of Ms Taylor began when he was in Grade 7. She’d listen to him patiently and help solve his problems in every aspect. She’d often suggest interesting books, and they’d share their opinions. Sometimes she even took him to camp near the school on weekends. Great memories still remained in his mind.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Alban decided to visit Ms Taylor again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________As scheduled, the day when Ms Taylor and Alban went camping came.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. 劳动经历；
2. 劳动感受。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
Dear Bob,
How is everything going?
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Best regards,
Li Hua
Changxing Baiyelong dance is a
The dance, which is usually performed by a team of 17 people during temple
In 1957, a Baiyelong dance program took home
“We hope that this dance,
9 . Grandma’s recipe is deeply written in my heart, forever unforgettable. My grandmother wasn’t the
She baked pies according to the
On Christmas Day, my sisters and I were always dressed,
My grandma
One day, I phoned and asked various family members to share what they remembered about Grandma’s baking. The
| A．generous | B．cold | C．warm | D．serious |
| A．sat | B．jumped | C．stayed | D．stood |
| A．Anyway | B．Also | C．Therefore | D．Instead |
| A．emergency | B．season | C．color | D．routine |
| A．lost | B．turned | C．kept | D．balanced |
| A．image | B．dislike | C．favourite | D．discovery |
| A．ready | B．fit | C．thankful | D．sorry |
| A．buying | B．making | C．anticipating | D．imagining |
| A．important | B．difficult | C．complex | D．simple |
| A．settled | B．argued | C．negotiated | D．died |
| A．consciously | B．regretfully | C．calmly | D．wisely |
| A．helping | B．honoring | C．changing | D．favoring |
| A．texts | B．books | C．recipes | D．rewards |
| A．why | B．when | C．where | D．which |
| A．hobbies | B．memories | C．customs | D．plans |
10 . Anxiety disorders are a type of mental health condition. Anxiety makes it difficult to get through your day. Symptoms include feelings of nervousness, panic and fear as well as sweating and a rapid heartbeat.
Have psychotherapy (心理疗法).
Psychotherapy or “talk therapy” can help people with anxiety disorders. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an example of one type of psychotherapy that can help people with anxiety disorders. It teaches people different ways of thinking, behaving, and reacting to situations to help you feel less anxious and fearful. CBT has been well studied and is the gold standard for psychotherapy.
Medication does not cure anxiety disorders but often relieves symptoms. Generally, medication can only be advised by a medical doctor (such as a psychiatrist or a primary care provider). Medications are sometimes used as the initial treatment of an anxiety disorder.
Join support groups.
You are also recommended to join support groups to get their coping strategies. Some people with anxiety disorders might benefit from joining a self-help or support group and sharing their problems and achievements with others.
| A．Receive medication. |
| B．Choose the right doctors. |
| C．It’s a newer form of psychotherapy treatment. |
| D．Thankfully, there are effective ways to treat anxiety. |
| E．Besides, you may learn ways to manage anxiety disorders yourself. |
| F．Exposure therapy is a CBT method that is used to treat anxiety disorders. |
| G．They can also be adopted if there is no satisfying response to psychotherapy. |
