1 . A volcano is an opening in the Earth’s surface. Through that opening, red-hot rock and hot gases escape. This can be a sudden and thunderous puff of ash and gas, or it can be a continuous flow of lava (岩浆) destroying everything in its path. The danger of a volcano may explain why its importance are often ignored. They exist for hundreds of thousands of years, and the gases they release come from the inside of our planet. They are probably the very gases that created Earth’s atmosphere (大气层) billions of years ago. Both awful and amazing, volcanoes have much more to offer than other geographical events.
Volcanic regions are hotbeds of biodiversity. The lava islands of the Galapagos in the Eastern Pacific are textbook examples in action. As lava hardens and begins to erode (风化) over the course of years or centuries, the nutrients and minerals from the volcanoes create rich soil.Some of the world’s most productive regions for farming, such as in Indonesia and Central build up underground aquifers (含水层). For example, without the Tibesti and its five volcanoes in the north of Chad and in southern Libya, the eastern Sahara would be even drier.
Volcanoes also produce geothermal energy, which makes up significant shares of electricity supply in a growing number of countries, including EI Salvador, Kenya and New Zealand. The most common type of volcanic rock, basalt (玄武岩), is capable of permanently trapping (卡住) carbon dioxide. This will make volcanoes an important player in the game of catching and storing carbon. Long viewed as a fearsome enemy of humankind, volcanoes may yet become a savior.
1. What is the text mainly about?A.The definition of volcanoes. |
B.The value of volcanoes. |
C.The danger of volcanoes. |
D.The type of volcanoes. |
A.They are both made up of gases. |
B.The Earth’s atmosphere comes from volcanoes. |
C.They formed in the same time period. |
D.There might be some connection between them. |
A.The cause of a volcano. |
B.The procedure of a volcanic eruption. |
C.The contribution of volcanoes to rich soil. |
D.The influence of biodiversity on volcanoes. |
A.Carbon dioxide. |
B.The most common type of volcanic rock. |
C.Basalt’s being the most common type of volcanic rock. |
D.Volcanic rocks’ ability to permanently trap carbon dioxide. |
2 . Abel Cruz is an industrial engineer living in Lima, the capital of Peru, which is located in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. When Abel Cruz was a boy,his weekly routine was to climb down a valley in the foothills of the Peruvian Andes to get the family’s water from a spring.
“It was downhill from the house, far away and steep,” he says.
The Peruvian Andes are under the weather influences coming both from the Pacific Ocean and from the jungle and traditionally there is a “dry” and “rainy” season. Recent climatic changes have made the dry seasons even drier and longer.
Cruz began dreaming up better ways to collect water. He noticed that some plants, for example, capture (捕获) rain and mist with their wide leaves. Eventually, he struck upon the idea of a fog net, a concept that he would go on to share around the world.
Each vertical (垂直的) net is 215 square feet of man-made resin (树脂). Micro-droplets (滴液) of water gather together and then fall down into collection tanks. One net can collect 50 to 100 gallons per day. Locals can carry back the water in small containers like buckets for their small farms.
Working in Lima, Peru, with support from the Creating Water Foundation, Cruz has installed (安装) more than 3,600 nets on the bare hillsides around the city to capture fog coming from the Pacific Ocean. This should help bring relief to the city of more than 9 million, which tends to have little rainfall and suffers from frequent lack of water. “The planet has less and less fresh water,” Cruz points out, “because the glaciers (冰川) that are natural water collection tanks are disappearing. So, we must find a way to store and save water for times of drought.”
1. Which of the following can best describe Abel Cruz’s work of getting water from a spring?A.Tiring. | B.Entertaining. |
C.Unnecessary. | D.Economic. |
A.Capturing rain with wide leaves. |
B.Gathering fog droplets with big nets. |
C.Turning resin into water droplets. |
D.Carrying water into collection tanks. |
A.The net is man-made. |
B.The collection tanks are made of resin. |
C.The net is vertically installed on the hillsides. |
D.Locals must carry water in small containers. |
A.His concerns over world’s lack of water. |
B.His engineering experience. |
C.Support from Creating Water Foundation. |
D.His geographic knowledge on his home country. |
—I hope
deliver instant knowledge lift official otherwise survive |
1. We each should spare no effort to save our planet,
2. The little boy save fifteen trapped tourists with the
3. We are committed to the project. We wouldn’t be here
4. Nowadays the Internet’s advantage is its
5. For the sake of safety, you can choose to pay for goods on
In my forties a number of people suggested that I should benefit
That was over six years ago, and how
Grand Master Eng Chor Khor and my other patient teachers always gave us positive encouragement, although they also stressed
6 . If you struggle to meet new people or join in a conversation at social events, it might be that your body language is sending the message to others to stay away.
Smile. Although it is possible to overdo smiling, generally it is better to smile than frown (皱眉). Try to find things that really make you happy or laugh and your smile will come across as natural rather than forced.
Use eye contact. When you do end up talking with someone, be sure to maintain eye contact. Avoiding eye contact makes you appear untrustworthy or disinterested. If direct eye contact feels hard, try looking at only one eye at a time, or at a part between a person’s eyes.
Avoid nervous habits. Even though you might be nervous, avoid the habits that go with it.
Although it may feel unnatural at first, with time you should start to feel more open and confident as a result of changing your body language.
A.Avoid blocks |
B.Use objects on hand |
C.They won’t be able to tell the difference |
D.Apart from body language, always be positive |
E.Stop touching your face or playing with your hair |
F.How can you read different types of body language properly |
G.How can you improve your body language to appear more approachable |
7 . Have you ever sent a text or shared something online that you immediately regretted? Most of us have. Now a growing number of apps and services are offering users the attractive ability to edit those messages.
In September alone, Twitter and Apple introduced editing features. Twitter kicked off September by announcing it would test an edit button (按钮). Within two weeks of that move, Apple introduced its new iOS 16 operating system, which lets users-for the first time-edit and unsend iMessages.
Users can now edit an iMessage up to five times within 15 minutes after sending it and unsend any message up to two minutes after it’s sent. To do this, users need only tap and hold their sent message, then choose “edit” or “undo send.” On Twitter, the edit button will give people a “generous” time, says Christina Wodtke, a lecturer in computer science at Stanford University. Users will be able to edit a tweet (推文信息) up to five times in the 30 minutes after it’s posted. Once a change is made, a tweet will be marked with a time stamp, and a label (标签) that says “Last Edited.”
“What they’re doing is creating an edit button that allows the Twitter audience to be your personal editor,” Wodtke says. “So if you say something that is difficult to believe, you could quickly change it to be clearer or less open to being misunderstood.” Wodtke does warn that especially on Twitter, editing could be used for harmful purposes. Someone looking to spread disinformation, for example, could edit their originally harmless tweet to make it false or harmful after it’s already started reaching an audience.
To ensure edit tools are used for good purposes, experts say, tech companies must take certain safety measures. “The importance of an ‘edit trail (痕迹)’ that prevents the spread of mis-and disinformation can’t be overstated,” says Wodtke, “especially when the information is part of the public record.”
Twitter says the feature was designed to be transparent (透明的) and protect the integrity (完整性) of the conversation. “We’re purposely starting this test with a smaller group to learn and deal with possible issues before bringing it to more people,” a Twitter spokesperson says.
1. How is Apple’s edit button different from Twitter’s?A.It offers its users less time to regret. |
B.It offers its users fewer chances to edit. |
C.It allows its users to tap more words into a message. |
D.It allows its users to label the message they have edited. |
A.It can make its users more organized. | B.It can be used to spread wrong messages. |
C.It can help messages reach more audiences. | D.It can cause people to take messages lightly. |
A.It is still being tested. | B.It will add more functions. |
C.It should be more transparent. | D.It has led to unexpected issues. |
A.A growing need for an edit button | B.The deep thinking behind the edit button |
C.The past and present of the edit button | D.Promises and risks of a new edit button |
8 . Diet can influence a person’s height, but only during childhood-until the age of 2 years. From the age of 2 to 12 years, stunted growth (发育不良) can be modified in some children, but not all of them. There is no scientific data currently available to suggest that an adult’s height can be increased through diet.
Calorie intake (热量摄取) from birth to about 2 years of age will influence the height of children. An article in The Journal of Nutrition monitored diet and socio-economic factors in more than 2,000 children, aged 2 to 12 years of age. The researcher found that each additional 100 calories in the diet was associated with an increased height of 0.13 inches in boys and slightly less in girls. The study concluded that beyond 2years of age, socio-economic status could have an impact on the height of children.
Malnutrition (营养不良) in children younger than 2 years old will cause stunted growth in comparison with their parents and well-fed brothers and sisters, but malnourished (营养不良的) children can “catch up” with proper nutrition (营养). The researcher found that about 63 percent of the children were classified as “stunted” based on height-for-age measurements set by the World Health Organization. With increased calorie and vitamin intake, 30 percent were no longer stunted by the age of 8.5 years, and 32.5 percent were no longer stunted at 12 years old.
Drinking milk has the greatest impact on the cognitive (认知的) and physical development of babies in their first year. A study examined the effects of drinking milk on the height and weight of 6,669 babies from six countries and found that drinking milk contributed to an increase in height of children.
1. What does the underlined word “modified” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Measured. | B.Experienced. | C.Improved. | D.Accepted. |
A.Boys grow at a higher speed than girls on average. |
B.Keeping a balanced diet is important to children’s health. |
C.Economic conditions have decisive effects on a person’s height. |
D.Ensuring children under 2 enough calories is important for their height. |
A.By quoting data from studies. | B.By analyzing possible causes. |
C.By explaining scientific terms. | D.By sharing his personal experiences. |
A.Nutritious diets for children’s health y growth. | B.Instructions on how to raise children properly. |
C.The determining factors in a person’s height. | D.The influence of diet on children’s height. |
9 . Every year people retire (退休) to Florida, but there’s one retired couple from Michigan who said they are working harder than ever, and that they’re loving every minute of it. That’s because they’re impacting (影响) the lives of hundreds of children in their new community.
John and Karan Byrd decided to start their own sports camp, Amazing Athletes and Super Soccer Stars.
“We were so excited to keep busy, healthy, keep our energy flowing, and do something instead of just coming down to Florida and playing golf,” said John.
“It’s bringing longevity (长寿) to our lives. I do believe that,” said Karan.
They even brought in a secret weapon (武器), their daughter Lauren. “Growing up with them, I was always doing something with them. We were at the park. We were at the pool. We were outside in the backyard jumping on the trampoline (蹦床),” said Lauren. “I mean you’re looking at two of my best friends here. These are my heroes in life.”
The Byrds visited up to seven Child Development Centers throughout Bradenton and Sarasota, and most recently Discovery Point.
“Once in a while at 6:30 in the morning Karan asks if we’re really teaching again and says, ‘I thought today was a day off,’” joked John.
The camp focuses on the fundamentals (基础) of 10 different sports and continues to build on them each week. “Some of the kids didn’t even feel comfortable with the ball coming toward them and now they want to be the first in line to catch the ball,” said John.
The Byrds hope to inspire other retirees moving to Florida to make an impact in their new community. “We will stay healthier and we hope to live longer while we are doing this and being retired so we really aren’t retired anymore,” said John.
1. What did the Byrds do after they retired?A.They often played golf. | B.They went to Michigan. |
C.They set up a sports camp. | D.They learned to play soccer. |
A.Longevity is connected to exercise. | B.The Byrds are busy with their work. |
C.Lauren agrees to her parents’ decisions. | D.The Byrds are very good with their daughter. |
A.Exercise can make kids healthy. | B.The kids are showing positive changes. |
C.Good habits don’t develop quickly. | D.The camp needs more forms of sports. |
A.They will never really retire. | B.They will get a new job soon. |
C.They will be an example to others. | D.They will not be afraid of getting old. |
In a world where monster wrestling (怪物摔跤) is a global sport and monsters are superstar athletes, teenage Winnie tries to follow in her father’s footsteps as a manager by coaching a loveable but inexperienced monster named Steve into a champion.
Release date (上映日期): December 15,2021
Runtime:1 hour 44 minutes
Ron’s Gone WrongIt is the story of Barney, an awkward middle-schooler and Ron, his new walking, talking, digitally-connected device (数字连接设备), which is supposed to be his “Best Friend out of the Box.” Ron’s failure to work leads them on a journey to learn about true friendship.
Release date: October 22, 2021
Runtime:1 hour 47 minutes
LucaA young boy experiences an unforgettable seaside summer on the Italian Riviera. Luca shares these adventures with his newfound best friend, Alberto, but all the fun is threatened (威胁) by a deeply-held secret:
he is a sea monster from another world just below the ocean’s surface.
Release date: June 18,2021
Runtime:1 hour 35 minutes
OnwardTwo teenage elf (精灵) brothers, Ian and Barley Lightfoot, go on a journey to discover if there is still a little magic left out there in order to spend one last day with their father, who died when they were too young to remember him. Their journey is filled with magic spells, impossible challenges and unimaginable discoveries.
Release date: March 6, 2020
Runtime: 1 hour 42 minutes
1. Who is one of the main characters in the latest movie?A.Alberto. | B.Barley. | C.Barney. | D.Steve. |
A.Luca. | B.Rumble. |
C.Onward. | D.Ron’s Gone Wrong. |
A.1 hour 35 minutes. | B.1 hour 42 minutes. |
C.1 hour 44 minutes. | D.1 hour 47 minutes. |