1 . When you teach a child how to solve puzzles, you can either let them figure it out through trial and error, or you can guide them with some basic rules and tips. Similarly, incorporating (合并) rules and tips into AI training—such as the laws of physics—could make them more efficient and more reflective of the real world. However, helping the AI assess the value of different rules can be a tricky task.
Researchers report that they have developed a framework for assessing the relative value of rules and data in “informed machine learning models” that incorporate both. They showed that by doing so, they could help the AI incorporate basic laws of the real world and better navigate scientific problems like solving complex mathematical problems and optimizing experimental conditions in chemistry experiments.
“Embedding human knowledge into AI models has the potential to improve their efficiency and ability to make inferences, but the question is how to balance the influence of data and knowledge,” says first author. Hao Xu of Peking University. “Our framework can be employed to evaluate different knowledge and rules to enhance the predictive capability of deep learning models.”
Generative AI models like ChatGPT and Sora are purely data-driven—the models are given training data, and they teach themselves via trial and error. However, with only data to work from, these systems have no way to learn physical laws, such as gravity or fluid dynamics, and they also struggle to perform in situations that differ from their training data. An alternative approach is informed machine learning, in which researchers provide the model with some underlying rules to help guide its training process.
“We are trying to teach AI models the laws of physics so that they can be more reflective of the real world, which would make them more useful in science and engineering. We want to make it a closed loop (闭环) by making the model into a real AI scientist,” says senior author Yuntian Chen of the Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo.
1. How did the author introduce the topic of the text?| A．By assessing basic rules. | B．By comparison of similarity. |
| C．By explaining laws of physics. | D．By analysis of human learning. |
| A．Planting. | B．Stressing. | C．Employing. | D．Revealing. |
| A．They’re dependent too much on data. |
| B．They’re inflexible to carry out new tasks. |
| C．They struggle to learn new things. |
| D．It’s tough for them to deal with familiar situations. |
| A．Informed machine learning may be an alternative to generative AI. |
| B．Helping the AI assess the value of different rules can be a tricky task. |
| C．Generative AI models can be more reflective of the real world in the future. |
| D．Balancing training data and human knowledge makes AI more like a scientist. |
My family had only recently moved into a new neighborhood. All of my neighbors have been very friendly and helpful since we moved in.
However, Mrs Davis, an elderly lady living in the last house on the other side of the road, escaped associating with us, or anyone else. When I asked around the neighborhood why, they warned me not to go after her because they thought she was insane (精神失常的) and preferred staying alone after losing her husband and only daughter in an aircraft crash. After that, she stayed isolated (孤立的) from all the neighbors, refusing all the care and help.
I often saw her on the streets during the evening, but she was always by herself. She appeared weak and I always wanted to help her, but after hearing what my neighbors had said about her, I wasn’t sure whether I should.
One day, when I was on my way to the supermarket, our paths crossed. I was walking past her and overheard her singing a tune. It immediately drew my attention because my parents used to sing the same song with me. I began to sing along with her, and she smiled at me for the first time. But when I smiled back, she quickly hurried her pace and went home.
She seemed very different to me that day. I refused to trust my neighbors’ claims that she had cut herself off from the rest of society because she was insane, so the next day, I knocked on her door. Mrs Davis was home, and instead of letting me in, she just looked at me silently through the window. I noticed her staring at me and was about to walk to the window when she quickly closed the curtains.
The next day, I revisited her house. “Hello, I brought you something,” I called out to her. “It’s the record of the music you were singing yesterday.”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The door opened and Mrs Davis’ eyes widened in surprise at the sight of me standing there.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Several days later in the morning, the doorbell rang at my house.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3 . The British accent of Cary Gran has finally been revealed after a fellow actor tracked down a secretly tape recording of the Bristol-born big screen superstar.
Jason Isaacs, who plays Cary Grant in a coming ITV biopic (传记片), said that although setting his mind on figuring out the actor’s real accent, he had become upset by the absence of interviews with Cary Grant.
The star, whose death aged 82 in 1986 brought to an end one of the 20th century’s greatest screen careers, rarely spoke in public and would always adopt a mid-American accent for the cameras
Isaacs, 60, said this week that after some “detective work”, he found out about an interview Cary Grant gave to a student from the University of Iowa months before his death. The student’s classmate secretly recorded the interview in which Cary Grant spoke about his hatred (厌恶) of being approached by fans. The secret recording reveals Cary Grant’s true accent.
At the launch of the ITV drama Archie-after Cary Grant’s birth name Archibald Leach — Isaacs said that when he landed the role, “the first thing I did was look for interviews of Cary Grant.” Isaacs added; “He didn’t want to be seen and he didn’t want to be known. There was nothing at all. Only the films. And that’s not what he spoke like. His accent changed a lot in the films.
Isaacs said of listening to the tape: “I felt like I’d finally made a real connection with him and that’s the voice you hear on screen in Archie. It’s more English than he is in the movies. People think they remember Cary Grant’s voice but what they remember is Tony Curtis in Some Like It Hot.”
The ITV biopic focuses on Grant’s troubled family relationships. Jennifer Grant, Grant’s daughter, said her father had rarely spoken about his childhood. “Sadly I think there was so much shame wrapped up in it,” Jennifer Grant said.
1. Why did Jason Isaacs attempt to get a recording of Cary Grant?| A．To recreate his accent for real. |
| B．To show sincere respect to him. |
| C．To get the role of Cary Grant easily. |
| D．To make the film more profitable. |
| A．He acted as a detective. |
| B．He worked in a university. |
| C．He hated being recorded secretly. |
| D．He disliked having his life disturbed. |
| A．Cary Grant. | B．Tony Curtis. | C．Jason Isaacs. | D．Jennifer Grant. |
| A．Generous. | B．Ambitious. | C．Determined. | D．Knowledgeable. |
Mama was weaving a mat (织垫子) with wild-grass stalks (茎秆) when she called to Achenyo, “Will you do me a favor and fetch me some water for the paints, Achenyo?” In the corner were pots of coloring matter she’d use to paint the finished mats. “Of course, Mama!” Achenyo picked up a clay pot as she slipped outside.
She didn’t like mat-weaving, although it was a tradition for a mother to pass on the skills to her daughter. Achenyo would rather be playing outdoors with her friends. Outside, Achenyo called to Ajuma, whose house was across from hers.
Both girls, with clay pots balanced on their heads, made their way to the Niger River. When they arrived at the water’s edge, what they found was shocking. The river was gone! In its place was a blanket of dark green leaves dotted by colored flowers.
“Oh no!” Achenyo cried. “The river is gone! There’s no water for drinking, cooking, or bathing! Mama won’t have water to mix the paints for her mats.
Last year, the rainy season brought an invasion of water hyacinths (水葫芦).The plants covered the river and left no room to put in a pot to fetch water. There was no room to bathe or swim. Fishermen couldn’t cast their nets for fish. And now the water hyacinths were back
“How could such a pretty plant cause such harm?” Achenyo wondered
The adults jumped into the water among the broad, green leaves, They began throwing them onto the riverbank. Achenyo and Ajuma joined them. When they’d cleared enough plants, the girls filled their pots with water. A pile of water hyacinths lay on the riverbank What a pity to waste such pretty flowers, Achenyo thought. She picked some for Mama, and then the girls headed home.
Each day, they found the river covered by water hyacinths as if no one had cleared the waterfront the day before. One day, as Achenyo moved an armful of dried water hyacinths out of her way, she had an idea. Carrying the plants under her arm, she ran home. “Mama, will you teach me to weave?
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mama was too glad to pass on the mat-weaving skills to her daughter.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mama and Achenyo then taught their neighbors.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. What is the key to each method of learning English?
| A．Repetition. | B．Good memory. | C．Enough time |
| A．Speak constantly. | B．Write regularly | C．Read carefully. |
| A．Writing down what happened. |
| B．Describing a photo |
| C．Copying some poems |
| A．Challenges of learning English. |
| B．The importance of repetition. |
| C．Practical ways of learning English. |
6 . If you work in a white-collar job in an office, it is likely that you will wear a uniform. Why do you need to wear one?
For employers who require it, there are several arguments in favour of uniforms. They help ensure a level of professionalism in appearance. They project a brand identity, from the red coats of Virgin Atlantic crew to the “Browns” uniform of UPS delivery drivers. They may have useful job-specific features.
A study by Robert Smith of Tilburg University and his colleagues asked people to imagine being on the receiving end of poor service when ordering a pizza. They were then shown pictures of the uniformed or non-uniformed employee. The person without a uniform who had treated them badly was circled. In this sense, if corporate clothing is a symbol of good service, the authors suggest that it may be a good idea not to give it to inexperienced workers, because, to some extent, it’s a representative of a profession.
Uniforms can also affect the psychology of employees. In 2012, Hajo Adam, a professor in Columbia Business School, coined the term “enclothed cognition (认知)” to describe the effect that specific clothes have on the way that people think and feel. Questions have been raised over the validity of enclothed cognition, but a new meta-analysis by Messrs Adam and Galinsky, along with Carl Blaine Horton of Columbia Business School, concludes that the phenomenon is real.
The obvious objection to uniforms, at least from people who do not wear them, is that they limit individuality and autonomy. But employees who do not have to wear a formal uniform often gravitate towards a costume anyway. Some coders (编码人员) seem to be under an unspoken duty to wear T-shirts. The combination of shirt, trousers and Patagonia gilet (马甲) is known as the “midtown uniform” for finance types in New York. Bosses build brands by wearing the same outfit day after day. Therefore, you may not be required to wear a uniform when you head off to work. You may still be in uniform.
1. Why is Virgin Atlantic crew mentioned in Paragraph 2?| A．To emphasize the need for uniforms in all industries. |
| B．To highlight the importance of job-specific features in uniforms. |
| C．To provide an example of how uniforms establish a brand image. |
| D．To discuss the variety of uniform styles across different professions. |
| A．They mean professional. |
| B．They impress customers. |
| C．They guarantee quality service. |
| D．They symbolize the corporate image. |
| A．The variety of the coined term. |
| B．The state of being logical and true. |
| C．The context of questions being raised. |
| D．The complexity of the phenomenon. |
| A．Opposed. | B．Dismissive. | C．Approving. | D．Doubtful. |
In the busy city of Evercrest lived a young woman named Lily. She was a recent transplant from a small town, chasing her dreams of becoming a successful graphic designer (平面设计师). With stars in her eyes and a heart full of hope, Lily had moved into a tiny apartment in the city, ready to begin her new journey.
One chilly autumn evening, Lily got into an unexpected, tough situation. She had just left the local library, her arms laden (装满的) with books on design theory and software guides, eager to dive into her studies. As she walked towards the bus stop, her phone buzzed with a notification—her last email informed her that the deadline for a crucial design competition had been brought forward unexpectedly. Panic set in, she needed to submit her entry tonight.
With a growing sense of urgency, Lily quickened her pace, her heels clicking against the pavement. But fate, it seemed, had other plans. Just as she turned the corner, one of her worn-out shoes broke, leaving her walking awkwardly on one foot. The bus stop was still a good ten minutes away, and there was no way she could make it in time like this.
Feeling a mix of frustration and despair, Lily leaned against a nearby lamppost, thinking about what to do. It was then that a gentle voice interrupted her thoughts.
“Are you alright there, miss?” asked a tall, middle-aged man with kind eyes and a warm smile. He was dressed casually, wearing a faded jacket and holding a leather bag. Lily looked up, surprised by the stranger’s concern. “I…I’m okay, just my shoe broke, and I have to get home urgently,” she explained, gesturing towards her useless footwear.
Without hesitation, the stranger introduced himself as Mr. Thompson. “Please, let me help,” he offered, pulling out a small roll of tape from his bag. “It won’t be pretty, but it’ll hold until you can get a proper fix.” Grateful for the unexpected assistance, Lily watched as Mr. Thompson skillfully repaired her shoe.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
They chatted like friends while he worked.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Putting on the shoe, she felt warm and inspired to join in the design competition.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________My wife and I live in an apartment. Because of the circumstances, we allow our elderly widowed (丧偶的) neighbour Mary to use our Wi-Fi connection. We’ve always gotten along really well with Mary, and her kids and grandkids live on the other side of the country because of work or other pursuits, so we’ve become a sort of “apartment family” together.
My wife just bought a new phone after her old phone crashed. After getting her new phone connected to the Internet, I went into our account to remove her old phone. When I saw the list of connected devices, there were four devices I didn’t recognize. I immediately changed the password to our connection and removed all of the devices except my own computer.
My wife and I got our devices set up, and since Mary was out shopping, we set a reminder to go over and help her reconnect when she got home. About ten minutes after I changed the password, I started hearing a lot of banging and shouting from the hallway. I opened the door and saw the man who lived across the hall from Mary pounding on her door.
I told him Mary was out right now. Then he said, “My kids were surfing online, and Mary’s Internet just went out. I’m trying to get it fixed before my kids throw an even bigger tantrum (发脾气).” I was surprised, “What do you mean, Mary’s Internet?” He replied, “She said I could use her Internet when my kids come over.”
“Mary doesn’t have her own Wi-Fi.”
“Sure, she does. I saw her password for it when I dropped off her mail yesterday.”
I knew that was not true. Mary didn’t ask him to collect her mail because if it was big enough that she couldn’t carry it up herself, she would have asked my wife or me to help her. That was mail theft. Finally, Mary didn’t have her own Wi-Fi; she used our Wi-Fi. And since my wife and I did not give him permission, and Mary would never give him permission without our permission. He was stealing our Wi-Fi.
I told him I’d be going to the building manager on Monday to let him know about all this.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The man screamed at me.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The building manager thanked me for the information.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________When I was seven years old, my family moved from Mexico to America. In Mexico, I was a cheerful girl who loved making people laugh with my jokes and inventing fun games to play with my friends. However, when I arrived in America, I found it hard to fit in, and I became quieter.
We lived in a small house with a modest yard where we grew vegetables—my responsibility. While I took pride in watching them grow, there were times when I dreamed of having a beautiful garden like my schoolmate Luella’s, with its delicate tulips (郁金香). Although Luella lived in the same neighborhood as me, we barely knew each other.
It was after a tornado that Luella and I finally became close friends.
The tornado struck on a Sunday afternoon.The gentle breeze transformed into a strong wind, and thick gray clouds filled the sky. Gradually, the tornado took shape, starting as a thin rope and growing into a large black funnel (漏斗). My entire family gathered in the bathroom, seeking shelter from the storm. Terrified, I sat close to my mom, knees in my chest. After the storm had passed, our worries and fears were replaced by relief that we were unharmed and that our house had remained undamaged.
As I stepped outside, I witnessed the extent of the damage the tornado had caused to our neighborhood. Across the street, a tall tree had fallen, crushing Luella’s garden in front of her yellow house. We hurried over to check on it. Fortunately, her family seemed to be away at the time, and no one was injured. However, her once-beautiful garden was in ruins, with the fallen tree destroying the tulips and debris (碎片) spread everywhere. I could only imagine how heartbroken they must feel seeing this.
Then my mom’s usual words rang in my ear, “It is more blessed to give than to receive,” and my family started to think about how we could help.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just at that moment, Luella’s family returned in their car.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Even after the debris was cleared, I could still sense Luella’s sorrow for her lost garden.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. 活动建议；
2. 活动意义；
3. 你的期待。
注意：80字左右；
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