1 . Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) Center

If you’re looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.

More than 750,000 have graduated from SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what they’re studying in the classroom.

For the trainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge program gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water- and land-survival through designed tasks and their search and rescue of ＂downed＂ pilot.

With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.

All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs for families with children as young as 7.

Stay an hour or stay a week — there is something here for everyone!

For more details, please visit us online at www.sac.com.

1. Why do people come to SAC?

A．To experience adventures.

B．To look for jobs in aviation.

C．To get a degree in engineering.

D．To learn more about medicine.

2. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to           .

A．fly to space

B．get an Aviation badge first

C．study the principles of flight

D．build and fire model rockets

3. What is the most important for trainees?

A．Leadership.	B．Team spirit.
C．Task planning.	D．Survival skills.

2 . Plastic-Eating Worms

Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.

Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017.

Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂

Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?

Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂

1. What can we learn about the worms in the study?

A．They take plastics as their everyday food.

B．They are newly evolved creatures.

C．They can consume plastics.

D．They wind up in landfills.

2. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to            .

A．identify other means of the breakdown

B．find out the source of the enzyme

C．confirm the research findings

D．increase the breakdown speed

3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might            .

A．help to raise worms

B．help make plastic bags

C．be used to clean the oceans

D．be produced in factories in future

4. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To explain a study method on worms.

B．To introduce the diet of a special worm.

C．To present a way to break down plastics.

D．To propose new means to keep eco-balance.

3 . （2018· 北京）Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.

A．used	B．to use
C．using	D．use

4 . In any unsafe situation, simply ________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.

A．press	B．to press
C．pressing	D．pressed

5 . 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
1. What is the possible relationship between the two sperkers?

A．Friends.

B．Wife and husband.

C．Business partners.

2. Where does the woman work now?

A．In a school.

B．In a restaurant.

C．In a travel agency.

3. What are the two sperkers going to do?

A．To take a trip.

B．To have a coffee.

C．To attend a meeting.

6 . 听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
1. What has been improved according to the speaker?

A．The train station.

B．The bus service.

C．The parking lot.

2. How does the speaker get to her office today?

A．By bus and on foot.

B．By train and by bus.

C．By train and on foot.

3. Who is the speaker?

A．A reporter.

B．A policeman.

C．A photographer.

7 . The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.

A．ranging	B．range
C．to range	D．ranged

8 . —________ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.

A．Did you call	B．Have you called
C．Will you call	D．Were you calling

9 . Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.

The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.

But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.

That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.

The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.

Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption（豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.

Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.

Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.

1. The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.

A．a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend

B．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention

C．anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons

D．information about measles spreads quickly

2. Herd immunity works well when ____________.

A．exemptions are allowed

B．several vaccines are used together

C．the whole neighborhood is involved in

D．new regulations are added to the state laws

3. What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?

A．The overuse of vaccine.

B．The lack of medical care.

C．The features of measles itself.

D．The vaccine opt-outs of some people.

4. What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To introduce the idea of exemption.

B．To discuss methods to cure measles.

C．To stress the importance of vaccination.

D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.

10 . Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man_________out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very_________.She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could_________,but, of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.

Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman,_______ an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with_______. It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more_______to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people_______they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’t_______as bad.

Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to_______her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to __________ “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to ________to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another ________ called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s ________and homeless.

There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”, something that Hannah is very________of. Hannah`s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that________outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of ________.For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the ________ of young people to change the world. But ________   all this, Hannah still has the ________   life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.

Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a ________ in the world. You can, too!

1.

A．jumping

B．eating

C．crying

D．waving

2.

A．annoyed

B．nervous

C．ashamed

D．upset

3.

A．behave

B．manage

C．help

D．work

4.

A．pushing

B．carrying

C．buying

D．holding

5.

A．goods

B．bottles

C．foods

D．bags

6.

A．excited

B．determined

C．energetic

D．grateful

7.

A．since

B．unless

C．although

D．as

8.

A．sound

B．get

C．feel

D．look

9.

A．exchange

B．leave

C．keep

D．spread

10.

A．sell

B．deliver

C．host

D．pack

11.

A．contribute

B．lead

C．apply

D．agree

12.

A．campaign

B．trip

C．procedure

D．trial

13.

A．elderly

B．hungry

C．lonely

D．sick

14.

A．aware

B．afraid

C．proud

D．sure

15.

A．going

B．sleeping

C．traveling

D．playing

16.

A．praises

B．invitations

C．replies

D．appointments

17.

A．needs

B．interests

C．dreams

D．efforts

18.

A．for

B．through

C．besides

D．along

19.

A．healthy

B．public

C．normal

D．tough

20.

A．choice

B．profit

C．judgment

D．difference