| A．bound | B．subject | C．subsequent | D．committed |
2 . Scientists have discovered a new structure that allows lunge feeding whales, also called rorqual whales (长须鲸), to take in massive amounts of water without choking.
To capture prey (猎物), rorqual whales use a method called lunge feeding. They speed up, and take in a volume of water large enough to fill their entire bodies.
Scientists didn’t know how these whales avoided choking on prey—filled water and flooding their respiratory tracts (呼吸道) during a lunge feeding event. Now Dr. Gil and his colleagues have discovered a large structure that they’ve termed the “oral plug” —a structure never before described in any other animal—that they think makes lunge feeding possible.
Dr. Gil and his colleagues analyzed dead fin whales. By physically dissecting (解剖) the mass of muscle and tissue that plug the back of the whale’s mouth, the researchers determined that when the animal is at rest, the plug blocks off the whale’s pharynx (咽道), a tube-shaped structure that leads to both the respiratory and digestive tracts. When a whale lunges, the “oral plug” protects both tracts from being flooded by the water and the living creatures that the animal has taken in.
When the animal is ready to swallow its latest meal, the oral plug shifts upward to protect the upper respiratory tract. At the same time, the larynx (喉) closes up and shifts downward, blocking the lower respiratory tract. In other words, during swallowing, the pharynx only leads to the digestive tract.
“This fills in a blank that we didn’t even know really existed,” said Dr. Gil of the team’s findings. Ari Friedlaender, who studies whale feeding behaviors at the University of California but was not involved in this research, sees great value in filling in these anatomical blanks about whales.
“The more we can understand how they develop these means for being able to eat so much, the more we understand about what their abilities are, and how they function as part of marine ecosystems,” Dr. Friedlaender said.
1. Which words can best describe the lunge feeding method of rorqual whales?①speedy ②massive ③precise
| A．②③ | B．①② | C．①③ | D．①②③ |
| A．It just blocks off the two airways when the whale rests. |
| B．It just protects the upper airway when the whale swallows. |
| C．It just blocks the lower airway when the whale lunges. |
| D．It ensures that the meals and water just go into the pharynx. |
| A．Dr. Friediaender shared his findings of whale feeding behavior with Dr. Gril. |
| B．Dr. Friedlaender praised the research for it further explains how marine ecosystems function. |
| C．Dr. Friedlaender will cooperate with Dr. Gil and his team for the future research. |
| D．Dr. Gil was probably surprised to find the existence of the “oral plug”. |
| A．Negative. | B．Indifferent. | C．Cautious. | D．Positive. |
| A．Why do whales lunge for food? | B．Why don’t whales choke? |
| C．Why do whales have respiratory tracts? | D．Why are whales unique? |
“I never lied to my father. When I was young, my father told me that if I tried to lie to him, he would always know. My body would tell him the truth because the body’s movement never lies.”, said Martha Graham, an influential American dancer and teacher, fascinated with the ideal that “movement never lies”. Martha realized that the body is its own storyteller. She just wanted to find ways to tell those stories through dance.
She began by studying ballet, but soon realized that it wasn’t right to her. From the very beginning of her dancing career, Martha saw dance differently. She was tiny, not tall like ballerinas (芭蕾舞女演员) at that time. But she had a strong, powerful body and dark, soulful (热情的) eyes. So she developed a style of movement different from traditional romantic ballet and called it modern dance. She brought modern dance to a new level of popularity in American culture.
Unlike ballet, which took place in a fairylike world, Martha’s modern dance expressed real emotions. Martha believed that it was important that the audience see themselves within her dances. She created and arranged many dances that showed emotions such as anger, jealousy, love or hate of common people.
Martha loved to wear long, dark, flowing robes when she performed. In the dances she used her robes in many different ways. Martha’s most important prop (支撑物) was the floor. She always danced in her bare feet, and her feet worked hard to tell their stories. The technique catching on, she founded the Dance Repertory Theater, and later, the Martha Graham School of Contemporary Dance.
Martha Graham died in 1991, just short of 100 years old. During her life she never stopped dancing. A part of Martha Graham lives on in modern dancers everywhere who continue to study the “Graham technique”. They strive for her honesty, always remembering that movement never lies.
1. Why did Martha Graham never lied to her father when she was young?(no more than 12words)2. What does the underlined word“ideal”mean in paragraph 1?(no more than 2 words)
3. For what reason did Martha Graham develop modern dance?(no more than 15 words)
4. What is unique of her modern dance?(no more than 20 words)
5. What impresses you most of Graham’s story? And why?(no more than 20 words)
4 . I was living in Cali, Colombia. One day my younger sister decided to visit me for a holiday and I was supposed to go to meet her at the airport. I somehow lost
The driver said that I would be dropped
However, most of the situations we encounter in our lives are much less dramatic and can often be
Now more than ever, in this rapidly changing world,
| A．heart | B．sight | C．track | D．touch |
| A．heading | B．leaving | C．driving | D．going |
| A．better | B．easier | C．funnier | D．worse |
| A．picked up | B．checked up | C．ended up | D．came up |
| A．down | B．off | C．by | D．out |
| A．choice | B．evidence | C．hope | D．reason |
| A．arrive | B．pass | C．reach | D．return |
| A．station | B．direction | C．location | D．position |
| A．in time | B．on time | C．behind time | D．ahead of time |
| A．allowed | B．reminded | C．forced | D．begged |
| A．agreed | B．appeared | C．succeeded | D．signed |
| A．advice | B．control | C．responsibility | D．risk |
| A．coming into effect | B．getting into trouble | C．putting into practice | D．taking into account |
| A．approves of | B．looks up | C．goes after | D．turn to |
| A．accessed | B．altered | C．approached | D．avoided |
| A．dangerous | B．essential | C．pointless | D．priceless |
| A．extremer | B．faster | C．better | D．stranger |
| A．capability | B．flexibility | C．reliability | D．stability |
| A．breaks down | B．settles down | C．gets over | D．carries away |
| A．assistance | B．endurance | C．guidance | D．insurance |
5 . On a cold morning in May, I received a fascinating email from a high school friend. inviting me to a 10-day all-female surfing adventure in Portugal. The offer was irresistible, and I instantly knew my answer was yes.
The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women, ranging from 30 to 45 years old, all strangers, will gather on the Portuguese coast to embrace the challenge of surfing the Atlantic waves.
As a travel enthusiast, I quickly sought permission from my boss for this once-in-a- lifetime journey.
Through my 33 years, I’ve observed a common adult tendency: we often limit ourselves to refining skills we already possess. There’s a certain pride in improving our expertise, becoming increasingly knowledgeable in our chosen fields, yet unintentionally, this focus often leaves other skills undeveloped and leads to neglecting other areas of potential growth.
Two days later, I arrived in Ericeira, a charming surf town, where I met my surfing group. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a persistent desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to navigate (驾驭).
Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air.
Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked.
Learning a new skill taught me the humbleness that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.
While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.
1. What motivated the author to join the surf trip to Portugal?| A．The opportunity to improve existing skills. |
| B．The need to reconnect with a high school friend. |
| C．The chance to undertake work duties in Portugal. |
| D．The desire to embrace a challenge and learn a new skill. |
| A．It narrows one’s abilities. | B．It is essential for career success. |
| C．It disrupts one’s work-life balance. | D．It develops creativity and exploration. |
| A．Tough but rewarding. | B．Boring and uneventful. |
| C．Difficult and frustrating. | D．Relaxing but unpredictable. |
| A．She used to lack confidence in herself. |
| B．She became more willing to take risks. |
| C．She went on to become an expert surfer. |
| D．She discovered the surfing was her true calling. |
| A．The value of pushing your limits and trying new things. |
| B．The need to seek professional training in all new skills. |
| C．The benefit of traveling with unknown companions. |
| D．The importance of being an expert in one field. |
One kind of creative writing task is to write an ending for someone else’s story. What you write should match the original story so that it is believable. To finish a story, you should:
Fully understand the content of the original story. This is not just understanding the language used and the basic plot, but also the feelings and motivations of the characters.
Use your creative imagination. Sometimes your creative imagination can be activated (使激活) through brainstorming different ideas and then choosing the best one.
Keep the content consistent with the original story. You are not trying to write a new story; you are trying to write an ending for a story that already exists.
Keep the language consistent with the original story. Your story should match the tone (语气) and style of the original story.
Recycle some of the language from the original story, if you have trouble coming up with the right words to use.
Keep in mind that an ending should wrap up the story and bring it to a close. When working on an ending you should therefore think about what has happened to the main character and how that character has changed or grown because of the events in the story.
1. What is author’s purpose in writing the passage?(no more than 8 words)2. Why do we need creative imagination when writing an ending?(no more than 10 words)
3. Why should we keep the content consistent with the original story?(no more than 18 words)
4. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 7 mean?(1 word)
5. What else do you think should be noted when writing an ending? Please give your reason(s).(no more than 20 words)
| A．motivating | B．motivated | C．being motivated | D．to be motivated |
| A．have been stolen | B．has been stolen |
| C．was stolen | D．were stolen |
| A．played | B．have played | C．had played | D．would have played |
10 . As families across Hampshire, a village in Britain, opened their homes to Ukrainian refugees (乌克兰难民), Jennie Maizels began a new chapter in her life.
On watching news report of people
Marilia arrived at Jennie’s house on an April sunny day when all the daffodils (水仙花)
Besides, Marilia was welcomed with open arms by the neighbors. “As soon as Marilia arrived, I phoned a local bar whose landlady was just
Jennie was
| A．heading | B．going | C．settling | D．escaping |
| A．wish | B．hesitation | C．desire | D．excuse |
| A．application | B．gift | C．intention | D．plan |
| A．corresponded | B．sent | C．matched | D．decided |
| A．came out | B．stood out | C．came across | D．died out |
| A．individual | B．traditional | C．fashionable | D．available |
| A．apply | B．adopt | C．admit | D．adapt |
| A．Moreover | B．Thus | C．Therefore | D．However |
| A．fastened | B．progressed | C．developed | D．explored |
| A．calm | B．unusual | C．remarkable | D．responsible |
| A．interest | B．award | C．wage | D．benefit |
| A．influence | B．difference | C．attack | D．stress |
| A．Ultimately | B．Surprisingly | C．Undoubtedly | D．Frequently |
| A．advising | B．pressing | C．suggesting | D．allowing |
| A．supporting | B．appealing | C．hosting | D．funding |
