1 . A role shift—whether a promotion, a move to a new organization, or a fresh challenge in your existing job—can be a huge boost to your career and a chance for you to succeed. You know the drill heading in: Apply your experience and talents to the position, make sure you are accepted by the hierarchy (高层), and get a few big wins in the first couple of months to demonstrate what you can do.

But in today’s hyper-collaborative and dynamic workplaces, successful moves aren’t as easy as they once were, even for the most qualified and hard-working people. Too often, transitional managers and employees don’t live up to their organizations’ expectations. Gartner surveys indicate that a full 49% of people promoted within their own companies are underperforming up to 18 months after those moves, and McKinsey reports that 27% to 46% of transitional executives are regarded as failures or disappointments two years later. They have the right skills and experience. They understand the company’s goals. So why didn’t they quickly excel in their new roles?

We analyzed employee relationships and communication patterns across more than 100 diverse companies and interviewed 160 executives in 20 of them. Our research points to one overlooked prerequisite (先决条件) for transition success: the effective use of internal networks. The people who are the most productive, innovative, and engaged in new roles — the “fast movers” — are those who establish extremely broad, mutually beneficial, uplifting connections from the start. Specifically, they surge rapidly into a broad network; identify how they add value, where they fall short, and who can fill the gaps; create scale; and shape their networks for maximum thriving.

In most cases, individual managers must do these things on their own. Only 43% of people surveyed said their organizations ensured that transitional employees were offered guidance and support. Only about a quarter said their employers encouraged them to build connections early or create networks to address skill gaps. But that should not be the case.

1. What does the author say about job moves in today’s society?

A．They are a boost to our career.	B．They require ability demonstration.
C．They may not produce good results.	D．They need to be guided by managers.

2. Why didn’t transitional executives succeed in their new roles?

A．They are inexperienced.	B．They lack the needed skills.
C．They misunderstand the company’s goals.	D．They fail to use internal networks effectively.

3. How does the author make his points convincing?

A．By using exact numbers.	B．By conducting surveys.
C．By making contrasts.	D．By listing examples.

4. What does the author think of the phenomenon in the last paragraph?

A．It’s common.	B．It’s unexpected.
C．It’s acceptable.	D．It’s unsurprising.

3 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Andy’s finger traced the lines on a blank United States map, each state represented by a number. He whispered to himself, “New Jersey is eating Pennsylvania, and Ohio is a chicken nugget.” Beside him lay another paper with numbers 1—50 written down. Despite 20 minutes of intense concentration, all Andy had to show for his efforts were those numbers.

“OK, and Utah is the washing machine. No, Montana is the washing machine. Or North Dakota? Gah! They’re all washing machines!” Andy was caught in his confusion.

This wasn’t the first time his memory had failed him during a test. No matter how hard he studied, nothing seemed to stay in his brain for long. He had tried memory tricks, even spending nights examining an old paper map in his bedroom. It had given him a glimmer of hope, but now that hope felt distant.

The time was up, and Mr. Crane began collecting the answer sheets. Andy quickly stuffed his blank test into the pile, wanting to forget about it. Unfortunately, his brain seemed to remember only the things it should forget. During lunch, Andy stared at a map, frustrated that he had handed in a blank sheet of paper.

Andy’s friend Aaron shrugged. “You only need a 70 to pass.”

“Yeah, well it’s hard to get a 70 when you hand in a blank sheet of paper,” Andy mumbled, frowning.

Aaron popped a grape into his mouth. “Well, Mr. Crane will let you retake (补考) it tomorrow.”

Andy was the only one standing at Mr. Crane’s desk after school. He apologized quickly, head drooping. But instead of scolding him, Mr. Crane patted his shoulder, saying, “I think you are trying, but you might learn better by being active. Just practice more!”

Andy looked into Mr. Crane’s eyes, finding comfort in the teacher’s understanding gaze. Mr. Crane invited Andy to help him organize a pile of magnets (磁铁), each with the name of a state on it. On the wall hung a large magnetic map — part of a review game the class had been playing.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

As Andy arranged the magnets, an idea suddenly came into his mind.

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When doing homework, Andy was told he scored an 88 on the retake.

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7 . With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.     1     Is it right? Maybe not.

Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic.     2    

One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the midcentury.     3     Techno-optimism has led many to believe that if everyone just switched to driving electric vehicles, we would be making incredible steps towards sustainability. However, the reality is that the amount of resources and energy needed to produce enough electric vehicles for everyone is not even remotely sustainable.

    4     Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions.

Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints.     5     It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies as a way to make our current lifestyles eco-friendly. Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability.

A．So where should we look for answers instead?

B．The modern world’s simple solution is technology.

C．Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce.

D．Is it a trap that many people have fallen into in recent years?

E．Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.

F．Despite any technology, we as a whole are not living sustainably.

G．Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.

10 . Northwestern University engineers have added a new capability to electronic microchip: flight.

About the size of a grain of sand, the new flying microchip does not have a motor or engine. Instead, it catches flight on the wind — much like a maple tee’s seed — and spins like a helicopter through the air toward the ground.

By studying maple trees and other types of wind dispersed (风散的) seeds, the engineers designed the microflier’s aerodynamics (空气动力特性) to ensure that it falls at a slow rate in a controlled manner. This behaviour stabilizes its flight, making it ideal for monitoring air pollution and airborne (空气传播的) disease.

As the smallest-ever human-made flying structures, these microfliers also can be packed with ultra-miniaturized technology, including sensors, power sources, wireless communication and data storing.

The original goal was to add winged flight to small-scale electronic systems, with the idea that these capabilities would allow them to distribute highly functional, miniaturized electronic devices to sense the environment for pollution and disease monitoring.

“We were able to do that using ideas inspired by the biological world. Over the course of billions of years, nature has designed seeds with very complex aerodynamics. We borrowed those design concepts, adapted them and applied them to electronic circuit platforms,” said John A. Rogers, who led the device’s development. Yonggang Huang, the Jan and Marcia Achenbach Professor of Mechanical Engineering at McCormick, led the study’s theoretical work.

1. Where does the microchip get its power to fly?

A．From a motor.

B．From an engine.

C．From wind.

D．From sunlight.

2. What is the microchips’ original purpose?

A．Data storing.	B．Wireless communication.
C．Weather forecasting.	D．Pollution and disease monitoring.

3. What can we infer from Rogers’ words in the last paragraph?

A．Nature has a long history.	B．They got inspired by nature.
C．Nature is the best designer.	D．They created the design concepts.

4. What is the text?

A．A short story.

B．A diary.

C．A travel guide.

D．A news report.