1 . One of the most popular therapists (治疗师) in University of Rochester (UR) smells like chips, pees outside, and doesn’t mind eating baby carrots off the ground. Sasha, a five-year-old golden dog, runs her practice out of a second-flour office in the Interfaith Chapel that she shares with her owner-Dr. Denise Yarbrough. During their office hours, which run from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m, on Mondays and Fridays, the messy puppy is likely to greet you with tail wags, happy “woof”, and even her two front paws lifting. It’s this patented charm that allows Sasha to meet the needs of a crowd of students who drop in to see UR’s first and most accessible therapy dog in residence.

But the path to her puppy Ph.D still called for three rounds of training. First was a two-week residential camp on the essentials — sit, stay, come, heel, ete. There her natural fondness for “people pleasing” revealed itself on her very first day! That training was followed by the eight- week Canine Good Citizen program, where she learned how to stay calm in crowds, to resist reacting to other dogs, and to be comfortable with Yarbrough leaving her side. A five-week therapy dog specific course was the last step in her journey. There she studied approaching people with mobility aids like wheelchairs, tolerating loud noises, and the importance of the “leave it!” command, among other things.

Sasha passed the therapy dog exams at nine months old but couldn’t get certificated until she was one year old. The pandemic postponed her on-campus arrival, but Yarbrough did eventually get to bring her to work, and students consequently fell in love, “I have this constant stream of students, and obviously this is meeting a need.” Yarbrough said. “This is the third year we’re doing this, and she does get a pretty steady stream of friends coming in on the days that she’s here.” Since then, Sasha’s role in the community has ballooned.

1. What do we know about Sasha from the first paragraph?

A．She works six hours every day.

B．She goes to the office as Dr.Yarbrough’s pet.

C．She attracts students with improper behaviour.

D．She works by actively interacting with students.

2. What inborn nature did Sasha show in the training?

A．The resisting reaction.

B．Ability to aid the disabled.

C．Fondness for people pleasing.

D．Obeying the commands precisely.

3. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．The popularity of Sasha.

B．The expectation of Yarbrough.

C．The hardship of Sasha’s work.

D．The feedback of the community.

4. What is the writing purpose of this text?

A．To present puppy training strategies.

B．To introduce a special campus therapist.

C．To launch an appeal for animal conservation.

D．To highlight the significance of pets’company.

2 . As home gardeners in the US page through seed catalogs (目录册) and pick out their favorite plants this week, there’s a new seed that has never been available to them before: a purple tomato. It is the first genetically engineered food crop to be directly marketed to home gardeners and the seeds went on sale Saturday.

The lending scientist behind the tomato is Cathie Martin. About 20 years ago, she set out to create a transgenic (转基因的) tomato, using DNA from a purple snapdragon, which is an unrelated eatable flower. Her goal was to develop a tomato with high levels of anthocyanins, chemicals that give blueberries, blackberries, eggplant and purple cabbage their color. Research has shown that anthocyanins also have anti-cancer and anti-aging effects.

“It’s normal for tomatoes to make these healthy chemicals. But they typically don’t make them very much in the fruit,” Martin told reporters in an interview. “They normally appear in the leaves and stems.”

So she started with, separating the DNA in the snapdragon flower that turns on and off the purple color. Next, she used a basic technique that was figured out by scientists in the 1980s to introduce it into a certain bacteria so that the tomato could then take in the foreign genetic material and express this new gene.

The result? In a paper published in Nature, Martin found that the purple tomato had, per weight, as much anthocyanin as a blueberry or eggplant, and that the mice who ate a diet mixed with purple tomatoes lived 30% longer than those who didn’t.

“Americans eat more tomatoes annually, so it makes the nutritional benefits more accessible,” Martin said.

Of course, some people have raised health concerns about eating genetically engineered foods. But these foods were introduced three decades ago and studies have not shown any harm.

“The purple potato is another great example of how the outcomes and applications of such biotechnologies can improve our life,” Martin said.

1. What can be inferred from the second paragraph?

A．Tomatoes usually do not produce anthocyanins.

B．The wild purple snapdragon might be poisonous.

C．Many purple fruits may postpone the aging process.

D．The purple tomato was widely available 20 years ago.

2. What can we know about the technique used to produce the purple tomato?

A．It is a relatively old method.	B．It was invented by Cathie Martin.
C．It puts the DNA directly into the potato.	D．It was used to separate the DNA in the flower.

3. What does Cathie Martin think of the genetically engineered foods?

A．Unprofitable.

B．Safe.

C．Expensive.

D．Unreliable.

4. From which is the text probably taken?

A．An advertisement.

B．A handbook.

C．A short story.

D．A science report.

3 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was nearly twenty-two, about to graduate, and unsure which to follow—my head and my long interest in natural science, or my heart and my passion for photography. A job at the museum would be the safe choice. Or I could try to pursue a career in architectural photography, even though I had no specific training in the field. I longed to land that job.

I asked the advisor, John Smith, to recommend someone qualified to give mean objective opinion. His reply: “See Benjamin Moskowitz, a famous architect, NYC. Good luck.”

During the Spring break I booked a cheap room and took the train to New York City. At his office on the twenty-third floor I asked the receptionist for Mr. Moskowitz. “I think Mr. Moskowitz has already left, Miss. I know he was planning a long weekend. Did you have an appointment?”...

She sighed and asked my name and told me to wait while she tried to see if he might still be there. I paced nervously, thinking that my time and money and my best chance for an expert opinion had been thrown away. The receptionist rang his office; no answer. “Sorry, but it looks like you’re out of luck, Miss White,” she said.

Why hadn’t I planned this better? Called for an appointment? Taken an earlier train? How could I have made such a mistake? I was close to tears.

Just then at all, gray-haired man, beautifully dressed, strode (阔步) through the reception area. The receptionist signaled me and mouthed, “That’s him.” I didn’t hesitate. “Oh, Mr. Moskowitz!” I called out. “Just a moment, sir, please! I’d like to speak to you.”

He glanced at his expensive-looking gold watch and kept walking. “Sorry, I have a train to catch,” he said straightforward, “I don’t believe you had an appointment.” I hurried after him toward the elevator. “I apologize, sir, but I was told to talk to you and to show you some photographs.”

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：

Mr. Moskowitz glanced at it, impatiently at first and then more carefully a second time.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：

One hour later, I walked out of his office   with great confidence and excitement

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The complicated art of needle-pierced frameless lanterns,     1     was recognized as a national cultural heritage in China in 2006, is a traditional craft     2     (date) back to the Tang Dynasty in the Pot an Ancient Town, Xian ju County, Zhejiang Province.

This technique involves pasting (粘贴) and shaping layers of paper to create unique designs,     3     puncturing (刺破) the lantern surface to form patterns and allow light to shine through. Unlike traditional lantern styles that usually rely on bamboo or wooden frames, this method fashions patterns and designs     4     the need for any framing.

Every delicate pattern of these frameless lanterns is     5     (careful) crafted using a tiny embroidery (绣花) needle. Each square centimeter of paper     6     (demand) around 100 needle punctures. Depending on the lantern’s size,     7     number of punctures can vary from several hundred thousand to over 1 million.     8     (patient) is thus vital for craftsmen.

In the past, every household here would craft lanterns for traditional Chinese     9     (festival) like the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival. Lanterns     10     (love) as symbols of good fortune and prosperity.

6 . Top-down processing is the process of using context or general knowledge to understand what we perceive (感知). In 1970, psychologist Richard Gregory introduced the concept. He claimed that perception is constructive.

The processing plays an important role in our interactions with our environment. Our five senses are constantly taking in information. At any given time, we are experiencing different sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and ways things feel when we touch them. If we paid attention to each one of our senses all the time, we’d never do anything else. It enables us to simplify the process by relying on context and our pre-existing knowledge to understand what we notice. If our brains didn’t employ top-down processing our senses would overwhelm us.

Top-down processing helps us understand what our senses are perceiving in our daily lives. For example, suppose you receive an important letter but a few drops of water have ruined part of the text. A few letters in different words are now just smudges (污迹). Yet, you’re still able to read the letter in its entirety using top-down processing. You use the context of the words and sentences in which the smudges appear and your knowledge of reading to comprehend the meaning of the letter’s message. See a word LO*E, with one letter knocked down, yet you are still able to quickly recognize the word as LOVE.

On the one hand, top-down processing serves a positive function by simplifying the way we comprehend our sensory perceptions. It enables us to shortcut the cognitive path between our perceptions and their meaning. On the other hand, patterns can also prevent us from perceiving things in unique ways. So we may understand the pattern of how to use a mobile phone, but if the manufacturer comes out with a new phone that employs completely unique interaction patterns, we may not be able to figure out how to use it. Besides, as our knowledge is limited and biased (片面的) in certain ways, it can lead to perceptual errors.

1. What is the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 2?

A．To explain main reasons.	B．To give practical examples.
C．To draw specific conclusions.	D．To analyse theoretical frameworks.

2. What maybe the key to understanding a text with missing letters?

A．Pre-existing knowledge.	B．Active interactions.
C．Five physical senses.	D．Lessons from mistakes

3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Seeing is believing.	B．Practice makes perfect.
C．Every coin has two sides.	D．Experience is the best teacher.

4. What does the author intend to do according to the text?

A．Introduce a reading method.	B．Deepen underlying meanings.
C．Illustrate a cognitive strategy.	D．Clarify a producing process.

7 . Several times a month, you can find Doctor Daniel Nadeau in the Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. He notices the pre-made macaroni (通心粉) and cheese boxes in am other’s shopping cart and suggests she switch to wholegrain macaroni and real cheese.

Nadeau says sugar and processed foods are big contributors to the rising diabetes (糖尿病) rates among children. “In America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based food. I think we should try to reverse that.” This mother agrees to try more fruit juices for the kids and to make real macaroni and cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.

Research findings increasingly show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nevertheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease.

By prescribing (开处方) nutritional changes or launching programs such as “Shop with your Doc”, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to cook it. They believe teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare them can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that patient’s family.

1. Why does Doctor Nadeau advise buying wholegrain macaroni and real cheese?

A．They’re easy to make.	B．They’re plant-based.
C．They’re delicious to eat.	D．They’re processed food.

2. What does the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Try out.

B．Pick up.

C．Take in.

D．Turn around.

3. What is the author’s attitude toward the power of food?

A．Neutral.

B．Dismissive.

C．Doubtful.

D．Positive.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．A good cure for diabetes.	B．A new attempt on cooking.
C．A food-as-medicine program.	D．A simple tip on doing shopping.

8 . Science is always seen as hard-core and hard to understand. But could you imagine hundreds of people being attracted by the cover of a science magazine?

The achievement was completed after Wang Yixi and his team made the cover of an October issue of Structure, a US-based Cell Press journal. The cover shows a Chinese ink painting that vividly shows the process in which a special enzyme (酶) involved in the biosynthesis (生物合成) of an important organic compound is activated―the latest breakthrough by a Chinese scientific research team. Another one of his popular works that carries distinctive Chinese elements is a composite image, describing a scientist as the folk goddess Nyuwa, carrying her newly discovered compound to fill a crack in the sky.

While studying chemistry at university, Wang Yixi often came across an experimental preparation process that he had to explain, but the amount of text was too large and abstract. A she had been interested in drawing, and related software like Photoshop, he decided to turn his graphics into a fine art. He went on to study 3D graphics software in order to better display the microscopic structures in his field and improve the presentation of his papers.

It didn’t take long before his classmates and professors noticed his talents and asked him to help them with their papers. By word of mouth, more people beat a path to Wang’s door and were willing to pay for his service. Over the past four years, Wang and his team have come up with more than 10,000 visual works for academic papers across a variety of fields, many of which have made their way to the world’s top academic journals, including Nature, Science and Cell.

“Every scientific paper is innovative, and graphics are an essential part of scientific papers,” Wang says, adding that what he tries to achieve is an explanation of models or methods, to showcase experimental results, visually process data or compare differences among experiments.

1. What play a special role in Wang’s works?

A．Fairytales.

B．Chinese elements.

C．Rich colors.

D．Complex structures.

2. What can we learn about Wang Yixi from paragraph 3?

A．He preferred painting to Chemistry.	B．He developed useful mapping software.
C．He had an active mind to solve problem.	D．He had trouble conducting his experiment.

3. How does Wang make abstract papers easily understood?

A．By visualizing them vividly.	B．By showing them accurately.
C．By explaining them in detail.	D．By constructing them uniquely

4. Which is the best title for the text?

A．The power of art	B．Dilemmas of science
C．Mysteries of Chemistry	D．Inspiration from science

9 . Five Tips to Boost Your Self-Confidence

The following tips might help boost your self-confidence so you can feel more comfortable with whom you are.

    1     Sometimes people’s criticism can be severe, but our criticism of ourselves is likely the hardest. We all know that no one is perfect, yet most people tend to expect more from themselves than is realistic. To stop this habit, it may help to write down all your strengths and remind yourself of them each time you begin to criticize yourself.

Think about what makes you feel attractive. Make a list of things that make you attractive. You might begin with qualities that make you a good friend, parent, or co-worker.     2    

Set goals for yourself.     3     You don’t have to set large goals; you might begin with small goals that you can easily achieve. It may be helpful to keep a list of the accomplishments (成绩，成就) that have made you feel proud. You can use this list as a motivation to get you to achieve your bigger goals.

Be grateful and helpful. Doing good things for others can make us feel good about ourselves. The smallest gestures, like smiling or holding the door for someone, can make a big difference to someone.     4     Being able to make a positive difference for someone may make you feel good and improve your self-image.

Do something brave once a week. It can be frightening to put ourselves out there, but sometimes the risk can be worth the reward.     5     You can simply do something to step out of your comfort zone. Perhaps you might talk to that person you’re interested in.

A．Avoid criticizing others.

B．Focus on strengths, not self-criticism.

C．Take small steps to boost your confidence.

D．You can also consider taking an active role in volunteering.

E．Achieving goals is one way to feel accomplished and confident.

F．Then, you might list some of the physical features that make you unique.

G．Taking risks doesn’t necessarily mean going bungee(蹦极) jumping or mountain climbing.

10 . My mom is one of the least wasteful people I know. She always brings her own metal containers to buy basic foods like rice and flour.     1     The key is to be creative about reducing plastic and other waste — just like my mom does at home.

One effective way is to conduct a review of household rubbish. List the rubbish by room or by activity.     2     This examination will help you assess your waste output and identify the ways to reduce it. For example, use reusable bags if you find a lot of plastic bags piling up under your sink.

    3     A lot of low-waste solutions might seem like they require buying special containers like silicone (硅胶) replacements for your Ziplock (带封口的) bags. But you don’t need to spend money on those items. Instead, figure out a way to repurpose the waste. Use empty cans, boxes and other food containers to store leftovers.

Reyond repurposing food containers, explore ways to save household items before throwing them away. Maybe you can mend an old pair of jeans instead of buying a new pair. Or maybe you can cut up old T-shirts into rags, which is what my mom used to do with my dad’s old T-shirts.     4     I don’t feel bad about getting grease (油脂) on them.

Remember: Lowering the amount of waste you create doesn’t have to be an all-or-nothing pursuit.     5    

A．You can try reusing your containers.

B．You can live a low-waste lifestyle too.

C．She used to bring reusable bags to the market.

D．You might write “used wipes and paper towels” under “nursery.”

E．I do this now too and the rags are perfect for household cleaning.

F．Find changes that work for you and you’ll be more likely to stick with them.

G．You can try sourcing your own food by growing a garden in your community.