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阅读理解-阅读单选(约450词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文的体裁是说明文。主要介绍了继詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜之后计划发射的几项重要太空望远镜任务。

1 .

Eyes in the sky

Several space telescopes planned for Launch after the James Webb Space Telescope(JWST)promise to deliver incredible science. Here are three of the most important.

Planetary Transits and Oscillations of stars PLATO
Expected launch date: 2026
This European Space Agency project will search a million stars looking for blips in their light that indicate the presence of an orbiting planet. Similar kinds of previous telescopes have only been able to see planets that are close to their stars and so pass in front of them frequently. Plato will linger on each star for longer and so has the chance to detect planets that are more distant from their star, with a longer orbital period. In particular, the mission is focused on trying to spot signs of rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone, the narrow region of a star system in which temperatures are right for liquid water. It also has the tools to characterize such worlds, providing clues to how Earth-like they may be.
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
Expected launch date: 2025
Like the James Webb Space Telescope, the Roman Space Telescope, named after the first female executive at NASA, will observe mainly infrared radiation. But while the JWST focuses on detail, Roman is going for the big picture. The telescope has a panoramic(全景的)field of view more than 100 times greater than the JWST’s. During its first five years, Roman will image more than 50 times as much sky as the Hubble Space Telescope covered in its first 30 years. That will allow it to make the first wide-field infrared maps of the sky. It is hoped this will help solve mysteries like the true identity of dark matter and dark energy. Astronomers can see the influence of these substances on the universe but have not been able to explain what they are.
Laser Interferometer Space AntennaLISA
Expected launch date: 2034
We first detected gravitational waves, ripples in the fabric of space, in 2015. So far, we have seen waves from black hole and neutron star collisions(碰撞). LISA, a mission led by the European Space Agency, will be a much larger gravitational wave detector than existing ground-based ones. It will consist of three spacecraft positioned 2.5 million kilometres apart in a triangular formation. This space detector will be sensitive to gravitational waves with extremely low frequencies. Among other things, it could allow us to spot planets in other galaxies just from the subtle way in which they influence the gravitational waves produced by their parent stars. Until now, all confirmed discoveries of exoplanets have been in our own Milky Way galaxy.
1. What can we know about PLATO?
A.It is designed to detect gravitational waves in the fabric of space.
B.It is aimed to look for planets that are closely orbiting their stars.
C.It is the first of its kind to be able to see blips in the stars’ light.
D.It observes each star for longer so as to detect more distant planets.
2. What are the differences between the Roman Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope?
A.The Roman Space Telescope can observe infrared radiation while the JWST cannot.
B.The Roman Space Telescope has a larger field of view compared to the JWST.
C.The James Webb Space Telescope make the first wide-field infrared maps of the sky.
D.The James Webb Space Telescope can image more than 50 times as much sky as the Roman.
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A.All of the three space telescopes are being led by the European Space Agency.
B.With the help of LISA, we might be able to find planets outside of the Milky Way galaxy.
C.Getting wide-field infrared maps of the sky, scientists are sure to spot what dark matter and dark energy are.
D.Scientists have already confirmed the clues to the existence of all the exoplanets with the aid of gravitational waves.
2024-05-31更新 | 66次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市建平中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约450词) | 较易(0.85) |
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文章大意:这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了狗应该在防止学校暴力方面发挥重要作用。

2 . While some say school safety depends on guns, cameras or alarms in classrooms, Mark Gomer and Kristi Schiller think specially trained dogs should play an important role in preventing violence in schools.

Gomer’s for-profit company has sent a gun-and-drug detecting dog to patrol (巡查) the halls of an Ohio high school, while Schiller is launching a nonprofit program in Houston to give schools the trained dogs for free.

Gomer’s first full-time safety dog is a three-year-old Dutch shepherd named Atticus, who is reported to duty this school year at Oak Hills High School in Green Township in southwest Ohio. The dog was trained at the school before the summer break, said Gomer, co-owner of American Success Dog Training in Bridgetown, Ohio. Atticus has won over students, parents, teachers and district Superintendent Todd Yohey, who initially worried what people would think of him spending $10,000 on a dog. Gomer has talked to a lot of parents and faculty, and they are saying it was money well-spent, he said.

For her part Schiller is looking to provide safety dogs to schools free of charge. She hopes her new initiative, program “K9S4KIDS”, does for schools what her program “K9S4COPS” did for police departments. She has placed more than 60 dogs with agencies in three years. “These dogs are extremely social, yet highly qualified warriors that are accustomed to going straight to the source of a threat or shooter and disengaging the suspect armed with the weapon,” said Schiller.

As the programs get up and running, questions remain about possible health problems and distractions the dogs can cause.

A school safety expert said those are concerns parents and schools will have to work out. Ken Trump, president of the Cleveland-based National School Safety and Security Services consulting firm, discussed the issue in general because he was not familiar with either program.

He said the dogs would have to be extremely social to deal with students’ initial excitement “Kids are going to like those dogs,” Trump said, “There are concerns to work around, but with the right dogs and right handler and the right policies and procedures, they should be very beneficial. The dog might be a distraction in the beginning, but they will become part of what students expect to see when they go to school.” “There is so much these dogs can do,” said Ted Dahlin, a deputy who serves on the K9S4COPS board of directors. “If I were going to pick a school to make trouble, it would be one that I knew didn’t have a dog.”

1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Gomer’s program?
A.Atticus is only welcomed by students.
B.Atticus is provided to the schools free of charge.
C.The main job of Atticus is to patrol a school in Houston.
D.Parents and faculty think the money spent on Atticus is worthwhile.
2. Schiller’s comment on the dogs she provides indicate that ________.
A.dogs have a sharp sense of threat and danger
B.she is confident that the dogs are helpful in schools
C.dogs are a kind of helpful, loyal and qualified animal
D.even suspects armed with weapons are afraid of dogs
3. We can conclude that Ken Trump ________.
A.believes that dogs can be part of students’ school life
B.is a school safety expert supporting one of the programs
C.doesn’t approve of students’ attitudes about dogs in schools
D.agrees that the concerns outweigh the benefits of the program
4. What Ted Dahlin has said implies that ________.
A.he is not going to make trouble in schools
B.having a dog strengthens a school’s safety
C.he likes dogs and really wants to have one
D.more should be considered for planning a crime
2024-05-27更新 | 49次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
完形填空(约410词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍职业倦怠的问题。

3 . If you are experiencing physical symptoms that could indicate burnout, consider seeing your primary care doctor or a mental health professional to determine whether they are driven by stress or rooted in other physical condition, Dr. Dyrbye said. Don’t just take no notice of the symptoms and assume they are _________.

“It’s really easy to _________ your own symptom, especially in our culture, where we are taught to work hard,” Dr. Gold said.

If it is burnout, then the best solution is to _________ the root of the problem. Burnout is typically recognised when it is job-driven, but chronic stress can have a variety of _________ — financial problems, relationship difficulties, and caregiving burdens, among other things. “Think about the pebbles in your shoe all the time that you have to _________,” Dr. Maslach said, “and brainstorm ways to _________ some of them, at least some of the time. Perhaps you can ask your partner to help more with your toddler’s bedtime routine, or get takeout when you’re especially busy so you don’t have to plan dinner, too.”

Despite popular culture coverage of the issue, burnout can’t be “fixed” with better self-care, Dr. Maslach said — in fact, this _________ only worsens the problem, because it lays the blame and responsibility on those with burnout and implies that they should do more to feel better, which is not the case, she said. However, some lifestyle _________ can make burnout less likely. Social support, for instance, can help, Dr. Gold said. This could include talking to a therapist or meeting with friends (even if over Zoom). It may also help to _________ mental health or exercise benefits offered by your employer. Sleeping more can help too — so if you’re __________ from a lack of sleep, talk to a doctor about possible treatments, Dr. Bennett suggested.

When burnout __________ job-related difficulties, it may help to request better working conditions. Dr. Maslach suggested brainstorming with co-workers and presenting your __________ with ideas that would help — like providing quiet areas for breaks and personal phone calls, creating “no meeting” days so that employees can have more time to __________, or ensuring that there’s always coffee in the break room. Even small changes like these can reduce the risk for burnout if they fix a problem people __________ at work every day. “It’s the lasting job stressors that make people really __________ after a while. They don’t have the right equipment, they don’t have the things they need, they don’t have enough people to do the work,” Dr. Maslach said.

1.
A.beneficialB.insignificantC.straightforwardD.overwhelming
2.
A.stressB.ignoreC.observeD.recognize
3.
A.addressB.discountC.concealD.stretch
4.
A.subjectsB.signsC.causesD.impacts
5.
A.pass onB.write downC.rely onD.deal with
6.
A.relieveB.removeC.recoverD.remark
7.
A.implicationB.innovationC.indicationD.intention
8.
A.audiencesB.choicesC.performancesD.sentences
9.
A.take charge ofB.have interest inC.take notice ofD.make use of
10.
A.sufferingB.shockingC.spreadingD.motivating
11.
A.accounts forB.depends onC.results fromD.contributes to
12.
A.employerB.librarianC.customerD.participant
13.
A.ensureB.focusC.reviseD.check
14.
A.neglectB.witnessC.encounterD.emphasize
15.
A.amazedB.delightedC.surprisedD.frustrated
2024-05-27更新 | 47次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约280词) | 较易(0.85) |
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了伦敦之旅的安排和具体景点。

4 . Out of London Tours

Stratford, Oxford, Christ Church and the Cotswolds with Lunch

Length of time

About 10 hours

Days of operation

April 2009 to March 2010 — Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday

This tour starts at 8:45 am and finishes at around 6:30 pm

Description

*Oxford

Enjoy the magnificence of Oxford! Well-known for over 900 years as a centre of academic excellence. Follow in the footsteps of its famous students, from Bill Clinton to Lewis Carroll. Uncover the university town of Oxford at a leisurely and relaxing pace.

*Chirlst Church

Lights, camera, action! A treat for all Harry Potter fans — see where many scenes from the films have been shot! Wonder at the magnificence of Christ Church, including the Great Hall which Hogwarts Hall is based upon.

*Cotswolds

Discover the fascinating Cotswolds! Full of history and heritage (历史遗留物), the Cotswolds is a charming combination of breathtaking natural beauty, busy market towns and sleepy villages.

Lunch in the Cotswolds

Treat yourself in a traditional English pub (酒吧) and admire the charrn of this old wool town. The lunch will bc taken in the Cotswolds village of Burford.

*Stratford

Shakespcare's birthplace

A market town with a difference! Visit Shakespeare's Birthplace, the half-wooded house, where the world's greatest writer was born, to gain a fascinating insight into his childhood.

Anne Hathaway's Cottage

Satisfy yourself with an eye-opening experience at the childhood home of William Shakespeare's wife! Wander around the half-wooded house and its eye-catching surroundings.

Price guide

Adult: £74.00

Child (3 — 18):£64.00

Senior citizen/ College student:£69.00

1. The Greens are planning to book the tour. They are Mr. and Mrs. Green, George Green, who is 15 years old, and Grandpa, who is 70 years of age. How much will they pay?
A.£ 296B.£ 286C.£ 281D.£ 276
2. Since George is a big fan of magic, he will be very excited when visiting ______.
A.CotswoldsB.OxfordC.StratfordD.Christ Church
3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the leaflet?
A.You may eat in the Cotswolds village of Burford and then buy a woolen scarf.
B.You can book this tour as a Mother's Day gift for your mother in May 2010.
C.Shakespeare and his wife were born in the same town called Stratford.
D.Oxford University has a long history of more than 900 years.
2024-05-27更新 | 23次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市虹口高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
选词填空-短文选词填空 | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了经济体制如何通过适应不断变化的环境来生存,特别是在全球化和知识型经济背景下,对人才的依赖日益增加。文章还介绍了Adapt to Survive这份报告,该报告利用领英和普华永道Saratoga的数据,为评估国家的人才适应能力设定了新的基准——人才适应性得分。
5 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. adaptable B. capacity C. complicated D. decline E. demand F. evaluating
G. highlighted H. impacts I. occurs J. pursuing K. survive

Economics survive by continually responding to the world around them. This means employing new technologies or exploiting new international markets when     1     growth. Today, these global shifts — dramatic shocks to economies — occur more frequently, are more     2     and, in knowledge-based economies are more dependent on talent than ever. In countries where a workforce lacks the skills that are suddenly in     3    , we see a skills gap emerge. This leads to higher unemployment rates while vacancies increase and productivity and growth decline.

So how can economies     4    ? By adapting. However, unlike the macro-strategies of the last century, people — not just policy — must drive today’s adaptability. Employers and policymakers have long     5     the importance of a flexible workforce, but until now it has been difficult to isolate the human element — the willingness and ability of employees to seek out and find opportunities across multiple employers, locations and industries. Our new ability to measure it and analyse talent adaptability — and to start to understand what drives it — are crucial steps forward.

The     6     of a market to match supply and demand efficiently depends on the ability and willingness of employers and employees to adapt to changing circumstances and align (使一致) skills with available opportunities. If this alignment is less than perfect, a mismatch     7     and optimum productivity can’t be reached.

Adapt to Survive for the first time brings together the two most comprehensive sources of talent data in the world: the real-time behaviours drawn from LinkedIn’s 277 million members and employer information from PwC’s Saratoga database of people and performance metrics (指标) which covers more than 2,600 employers across the globe. This report sets a new benchmark for     8     a country’s ability to match talent with opportunity and the movement of people between industries — the Talent Adaptability Score. This score is given to 11 countries. For each country, we evaluate how the Score     9     economic performance. Our recommendations are organised around four groups:

● Individuals — Prove your adaptability.

● Employers — Seek out, nurture and reward talents who can adapt.

● Educators — Offer courses and job training that produce     10     people.

● Governments — Create a climate of adaptability.

2024-05-22更新 | 36次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
书信写作-建议信 | 适中(0.65) |
名校
6 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是光明中学的李华,你校学生会即将组织一次校园义卖活动,日前已在校园网发布初步方案,征求师生意见。请你给学生会写一封邮件,包含以下两点:
1. 提出你觉得需要改进的地方;
2. 改进建议及理由。

校园义卖活动初步方案

时间:2024年4月25日(周四)12:20 — 13:10

地点:学校操场

拟售物品:明信片、书签、笔记本等

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024-05-22更新 | 21次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
7 . 毋庸置疑,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题,但令人欣慰的是,政府正采取有力措施来解决它。 (deny) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________
2024-05-22更新 | 61次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
8 . 考虑到自己的优势,他毫不犹豫地放弃了一份高薪的工作,决定献身于社区。(given) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________
2024-05-22更新 | 36次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
9 . 应该更多强调独立完成作业的重要性。 (emphasis) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________
2024-05-22更新 | 31次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
阅读理解-阅读单选(约400词) | 适中(0.65) |
名校
文章大意:本文是说明文。文章主要介绍乔布斯的创业史。

10 . He’s considered the father of the technological innovation, and apart from that, he was also known as a design perfectionist. There is no single executive or creator in the technology industry who is more creative and inspirational than him, and with that being said he was a one-in-billion creator.

On February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California, United States, a baby named Steve Jobs entered the world. His parents’ inability to provide for him led to a difficult childhood, one in which he battled with his sense of self and felt constantly confused and unfulfilled. Nonetheless, who could have predicted that this person would cause such a dramatic shift in the information technology? The way Steve Jobs showed the world the new products and devices he was working on was truly out of this world, and that’s a big part of why he’s so beloved.

Steve Jobs was well-informed, but he was not a scholar. He possessed a high IQ but showed little enthusiasm for formal education. His main hobbies were playing tricks on people via phone and computer, goofing off with his best friends, and coming up with ground-breaking business concepts.

Steve Jobs’ philosophy on education is well-known at this point; he has stated publicly that he was only able to learn after leaving college. When Steve Jobs and his friend Wozniak were in their early 20s, they came up with the idea for the Apple Computer. Steve Jobs’ Volkswagen bus and Wozniak’s beloved scientific calculator were sold to finance the pair’s garage-based startup. Jobs and Wozniak have been given much of credit for democratizing the computer industry by making computers more user-friendly, portable, and affordable.

Wozniak envisioned a line of accessible and lightning-fast personal computers, and Jobs was put in charge of the company’s marketing and management. From the get-go, Apple sold the computers for up to $666. The unexpected greatness of their early success inspired them to develop more powerful machines. In the 70s, they accomplished what would become the company’s crowning achievement. Assembled by Apple, Inc. , the high-performance computer was an instant success in their home state of California, and its sales helped make Jobs a multimillionaire.

1. Which of the following is a big reason for Jobs being beloved?
A.Jobs revolutionized the technology industry.
B.Jobs realized his dream despite his painful childhood.
C.Jobs employed an extraordinary way to present the new devices.
D.Jobs is the most creative and motivational person in the technology industry.
2. What does the underlined phrase “goofing off” in paragraph three most probably mean?
A.quitting schoolB.playing around
C.starting a businessD.learning knowledge
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Jobs is keen on keeping in contact with friends via phone and computer.
B.Jobs and Wozniak advocated democracy for every staff in the computer industry.
C.Jobs showed less passion for education because of the influence of his difficult childhood.
D.The economic situation was a barrier to Jobs and Wozniak when they started their business.
4. Which of the following does Jobs most probably agree with?
A.All things come to those who always choose to wait.
B.The only thing that keeps you going is that you love what you do.
C.Knowledge makes you humble, while ignorance makes you proud.
D.If you look at what you have in your life, you will always have more.
2024-05-22更新 | 35次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市浦东新区南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题
共计 平均难度:一般