1 . 假设你是启明中学高一学生李明。临近期末，你的英语老师正在设计暑假作业，现征求学生意见。请写一封电子邮件给老师，内容须包含：
1. 不同形式与内容的作业建议2-3条；
2. 给出你的理由。
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2 . 随着网络的全覆盖，持续了解全校师生发展的最新动态变得越来越便利。(track) （汉译英）

3 . 她将课堂笔记分类整理得井井有条，令人印象深刻。(which) （汉译英）

4 . 为了健康，爷爷坚持早起慢跑。(jog) （汉译英）

5 . Wounded soldiers will ________ by the robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit remotely guided by doctors.
受伤的士兵会由医生远程指导战场机动外科手术室单元的机器人设备做手术。

6 . There is a time-lag between theoretical research and ________.
往往理论研究和实际应用之间存在时滞。

7 . How to Improve Climate Literacy

Climate literacy is the ability to identify, understand and explain information associated with climate science.     1    

Over the past few years, many young people and educators have pushed for the inclusion of climate literacy in national curricula. So what are the best ways in which this can be embedded within already packed school timetables?

True climate literacy must address not only the science of climate change, but also issues of climate (in)justice, including how climate change affects people and places unevenly and contributes to inequalities within and across nations.

    2     Many people in developed countries like the UK therefore see climate change happening elsewhere and to other people, with less relevance to their own lives.

    3     We need to start highlighting the local effects of climate change to ground abstract understanding in reality.

One way to do this is through visual storytelling. Storytelling, often involving drawings and paintings, has been used by human communities to pass on knowledge or tales of caution for at least 30,000 years — as you can see from the cave painting.

One effect of storytelling is its ability to create cognitive dissonance: the mental conflict and discomfort felt when a person’s behaviour isn’t in line with their beliefs. Stories that demonstrate the consequences of not acting eco-consciously — especially if those consequences are shown visually — can be a good way to do this, leading to individuals being more likely to take climate action in their own lives or by confronting corporate activities.

A．Therefore, the teachers we worked with remarked that lessons are typically focused on the physical processes of climate change.

B．However, at present, much of climate change education is focused on the physical aspects of climate change, often at a global scale.

C．The next stages of our research will reflect how a separated community has come together through this journey towards climate literacy.

D．Being climate literate allows individuals to become active participants in the fight against climate change.

E．This collective psychological distancing means many fail to recognise the urgency of the climate crisis.

8 .

Saving the Planet is Kids’ Task Environmental problems plague every country, but where there’s energy and enthusiasm, there’s hope. Nowhere is energy and enthusiasm more boundless than amongst school-age children. Now thousands of Australian children can have fun while learning to develop a real passion for protecting the environment. Sponsored by Australia Post, the ‘Ollie Saves the Planet’ interactive CD-ROM and associated website (www.olliesworld.com) introduce children to the concept of conservation and encourage them to consider their actions in the areas of waste, water, energy, air, and bio-diversity. It is a great resource for classroom activities and school projects, with lots of games for hours of entertainment. A complimentary(免费赠送的) copy of the CD-ROM, which retails for $24.95, has been sent to every school throughout Australia to show young environmentalists how they can ‘reduce, reuse, recycle and rethink’. Order your CD-ROM today!  Hours of easy-to-use edu-tainment  Suitable for PC and Mac  Project resource information  Extensive teachers’ notes & lesson plans  A range of interactive games and puzzles  Real-life case studies Hurry, the environment needs your help! Call 1800 804 078 NOW! AUSTRALIA POST

1. Which of the following words has the closest meaning with the word “plague” (para.1)?

A．trouble

B．arouse

C．target

D．motivate

2. The words “reduce, reuse, recycle and rethink” (para.4) are mostly used ________.

A．to draw the readers’ attention to bio-diversity

B．because they’re easy for students to remember the projects

C．to show the writer’s skill of using similar words

D．because they are the technical terms for environment protection

3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this poster?

A．The CD-ROM product is fun for children to use.

B．Children must have certain skills to use this product.

C．It is important to act quickly to obtain this product.

D．The CD-ROM will help children become environmentally aware.

4. What’s the purpose of the poster?

A．To command school to introduce the CD-ROM to students.

B．To provide a discount for the schools to buy the products.

C．To encourage Australian children to contribute to protecting environment.

D．To collect education resources for classroom activities and school projects.

9 . This hobbit was a very well-to-do hobbit, and his name was Baggins. The Bagginses have lived in the neighbourhood of The Hill for time out of mind, and people considered them very respectable, not only because most of them were rich, but also because they never had any adventures or did anything unexpected; you could tell what a Baggins would say on any question without the bother of asking him. This is the story of how a Baggins had an adventure, and found himself doing and saying things altogether unexpected. He may have lost the neighbours’ respect, but he gained — well, you will see whether he gained anything in the end.

The mother of our particular hobbit — what is hobbit? I suppose hobbits need some description nowadays, since they have become rare and shy of the Big People, as they call us. They are (or were) a little people, about half our height, and smaller than the bearded dwarves (小矮人). Hobbits have no beards. There is little magic about them, except the ordinary everyday sort which helps them to disappear quietly and quickly when large stupid folk like you and me come along clumsily, making a noise like elephants which they can hear a mile off. They are likely to be fat in the stomach; they dress in bright colours (chiefly green and yellow); wear no shoes, because their feet grow natural leathery soles and thick warm brown hair like the stuff on their heads (which is curly); have, long clever brown fingers, good-natural faces, and laugh deep fruity laughs(especially after dinner, which they have twice a day when they can get it). Now you know enough to go on with. As I was saying, the mother of this hobbit-Bilbo Baggins, that is — was the famous Belladonna Took, one of the three remarkable daughters of the Old Took, head of the hobbits who lived across The Water, the small river that ran at the foot of the The Hill.

1. According to the passage, what is a well-to-do hobbit like?

A．Respectable among the dwarves.	B．Predictable as all the other hobbits.
C．Careful enough to do things well.	D．Wealthy in the neighbourhood of The Hill.

2. Why were the Bagginses considered respectable?

A．They recently moved to The Hill.	B．They lived ordinary lives.
C．They were very magical.	D．Belladonna Took was famous.

3. What do Hobbits think of Big People?

A．Loud and clumsy.	B．Frightening and noisy.
C．Quite large and easy to laugh.	D．Similar to elephants with poor hearing.

4. Which of the following is TRUE about Hobbits according to the passage?

A．They were rich, predictable and stronger than the Big People.

B．They are shorter than the Big People and smaller than bearded dwarves.

C．Most of them are of half the height of the bearded dwarves.

D．All hobbits were regarded as noisy and adventurous as elephants.

10 . It’s 3000 years ago, and people make the things they need by hand. They use metals, such as bronze and tin, to make tools and weapons, but these metals are hard to find. A group of people called the Hittites begin ________with a unique rock called iron ore, which is easy to find and mine. They make a(n) ________: By heating this rock, they get a new metal, called iron, which they can shape into sharp knives and other tools. The Hittites see little use for iron, ________, beyond making these simple tools. Never in their wildest dreams can they imagine the ________ iron will have on the world. But it’s where the story of the ________ begins.

This early form of iron isn’t strong enough for large things like buildings. Over thousands of years, though, people learned ways to make iron stronger. They ________ their rock ovens, raising the temperature and adding different minerals to the ore. Each experiment ________ the process, as people learned to change iron into carbon steel.

Finally, in 1855, an English engineer named Henry Bessemer invented a machine that turned large amounts of iron into steel in just minutes, which is strong and can be made into nearly any ________, including frames for tall buildings. Still the first skyscraper wasn’t built for almost 30 years. Why? Nobody wanted to walk up and down all those stairs. Tall buildings need a way to elevate people and objects. Although elevators existed, they weren’t safe enough for people. Pretty soon, seeing steel cables supporting bridges led people to ________ how steel cables could make elevators safe. And with safe elevators, you could build much ________ buildings. In 1884, the Home Insurance Building, the first skyscraper, rose. It was 138 feet high — higher than any other building at that time. It had ten storeys and four elevators — a miracle at the time!

The mighty skyscraper is much more than a building, though: It’s a ________ of what we can accomplish when we just try things. Inventions come from ideas, big and small, and from people old and young. So put on your thinking caps, because the great inventions of the future ________ your ideas today!

1.

A．competing

B．struggling

C．cooperating

D．experimenting

2.

A．decision

B．operation

C．discovery

D．occupation

3.

A．therefore

B．however

C．furthermore

D．moreover

4.

A．profit

B．impact

C．response

D．version

5.

A．exploration

B．innovation

C．commitment

D．skyscraper

6.

A．tracked

B．located

C．adjusted

D．employed

7.

A．simplified

B．fulfilled

C．observed

D．improved

8.

A．object

B．shape

C．element

D．command

9.

A．think about

B．look into

C．participate in

D．soak up

10.

A．safer

B．stronger

C．larger

D．taller

11.

A．diagram

B．symbol

C．profile

D．source

12.

A．focus on

B．flood into

C．depend on

D．work out