1 . John背部受了伤，这可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。(定语从句）(汉译英)

2 . 这么大热天让你的孩子们在外面闲逛不是个好主意。（it作形式主语）(汉译英)

3 . 如果天气许可的话，聚会将在花园里举行。（独立主格结构）(汉译英)

4 . 我们总会有犯错误的时候，但真正重要的是从中汲取教训。(There will be times when...) (汉译英)

5 . 更多的公路已经建成，使得人们的出行方便了（非谓语）(汉译英)

6 . _________ (丧失) of sleep is a common problem in modern society, affecting many individuals at some point in their life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

7 . One evening in 2010, Lennon and Carla gathered at the dinner table in Carlas in Los Angeles. Lennon had just _______ there. She met Carla on her first day at work in the strange city. The two young women became close quickly after _______ they had something in common: Both were_______ with life after losing a close family member. Carla also _______ a few others who were grieving(悲伤)that evening. It was a night of deep conversation, _______ understanding each other and healing (治愈）hearts. Each guest left believing they weren’t _______.

Three years later, Lennon and Carla_______ The Dinner Party to meet and understand people who have _______ deep loss. Since 2013, their nonprofit organization has helped bring together over 13,000 people to _______ their grief, “There’s so much________when normal people hear the expression of grief, because they don’t know what to say,” Lennon says. “Then people suffering may think whatever they’re feeling is ________.” She also learned there’s almost no ________   of death and grief among young adults, because they haven’t experienced such loss — making life especially ________ for those who have. Lennon found people are more likely to let down their ________ and tell their grief over a meal. That means the ________ of the healing. The Dinner Party allows people to check out ________ tables online and reserve one. They can also list themes they’re hoping to   ________ before meeting the tablets host. All hosts have received   ________ from experts in the organization to make meaningful and powerful conversations. “One________we’ve seen in this is that people could admit they weren’t okay freely,” Lennon says, “ I hope the condition ________. ”

1.

A．adapted

B．drove

C．moved

D．visited

2.

A．discovering

B．believing

C．expecting

D．predicting

3.

A．dealing

B．competing

C．struggling

D．communicating

4.

A．informed

B．helped

C．convinced

D．invited

5.

A．thoroughly

B．clearly

C．simply

D．immediately

6.

A．hopeless

B．common

C．alone

D．afraid

7.

A．held

B．designed

C．joined

D．founded

8.

A．gone through

B．come across

C．given away

D．taken on

9.

A．hide

B．share

C．overcome

D．abandon

10.

A．sympathy

B．silence

C．disagreement

D．weakness

11.

A．strange

B．funny

C．wrong

D．strong

12.

A．awareness

B．choice

C．concern

D．discussion

13.

A．pitiful

B．tough

C．unfair

D．specific

14.

A．doubt

B．defense

C．sadness

D．curiosity

15.

A．start

B．influence

C．success

D．completion

16.

A．temporary

B．alternative

C．useful

D．available

17.

A．challenge

B．explore

C．research

D．stress

18.

A．support

B．reward

C．training

D．welcome

19.

A．trend

B．problem

C．method

D．chance

20.

A．matters

B．functions

C．changes

D．continues

8 . Biking offers a number of 11 life-changing11 benefits to its riders. It fights overweight and heart disease as well as building muscles. Switching up to cycling for the morning commute (通勤) reduces noise and air pollutants and cuts down on greenhouse gases.     1    Not to mention that cycling is cheaper than driving.

    2     A bike company conducted a survey and found out that the number one thing preventing people from biking to work was “awareness of road safety”. Sharing the road with cars can be dangerous. Omar Bakhshi, an app developer, experienced this first-hand when a car hit him, leaving him with an injury that affected his taste and smell for life.     3     That was why he set out to make the roads safer to share.

He started a company, Tether, to improve safety conditions for urban cyclists. Tether has developed a small smart sensor that goes on a bike’s handlebars. As the biker rides through the city, the device projects a “safety zone” of lights onto the sidewalk. If cars get too close to the bikers personal space, the lights will start flashing.     4     .What makes Bakhshi’s device different to similar devices on the market is its smart features. Tether’s tool collects data from close encounters (相遇) with cars. The data is then organized into a central database.     5     .When biking and driving can both share road safety awareness, biking will become a beautiful sight in the city.

A．City biking is far from safe.

B．Bikers can go quickly and safely.

C．He realized that what happened to him wasn’t unusual.

D．In other words, it’s a clean and green way to get to work.

E．With all these advantages, why aren’t there many bikers on city roads?

F．This can remind car drivers to pay attention to the rules of sharing the road.

G．Thus, bikers can access the information to determine which streets are safer for them.

9 . China has been planting seaweed for about 1,700 years . Coastal populations harvested a variety of algae first as a source of food and animal feed, but later for industrial and nutritional purposes as the practice became more widespread- Today, China remains the world’s biggest producer of farmed seaweed, but many other countries start to realize the potential of planting seaweed.

Certain red seaweed varieties contain up to 25% protein, but others are also rich in iron and other minerals. Seaweed planting becomes hot aquaculture which is now shooting up. In Alaska, where the largest seaweed farm in North America is located, farmers produced over 112,000 pounds of seaweed in 2019 — a 200% increase from Alaska’s first commercial harvest in 2017. Occupying just a few acres, seaweed planting is economical, relatively simple and comes with a lot of environmental benefits.

Research shows that seaweed could play a key role beyond serving as a source of nutrients and food, but also in the fight against some of the worst problems: climate change and ocean pollution. Seaweed doesn’t need to be fed or fertilized, as the crop gets everything it needs from sunlight and the natural nutrients already found in the ocean water. There are, of course, some disadvantages to seaweed farming. For example, overproducing seaweed could influence the amount of natural light available to other ocean species. In addition, technology for transporting, drying, and turning seaweed into biofuel and food can take up resources and give off CO₂. It’s also possible that these crops could remove too many nutrients from the wild ecosystem.

However, as research continues to search into sustainable seaweed farming methods, we may discover that advantages win over disadvantages.

The economic value of dealing with nutrient pollution, for example, may reduce costs for wastewater treatment; the same goes for turning seaweed into biofuel, fertilizer, or fuel depending on water quality. The balance will come down to a combination of policy and scientific research .

1. Why does the author mention seaweed farming in Alaska?

A．To show seaweed planting is growing fast.

B．To announce seaweed planting is eco-friendly.

C．To state seaweed is easy to plant across the world.

D．To prove seaweed planting has large economic benefits .

2. Which is the disadvantage of seaweed planting?

A．Removing other ocean species.	B．Consuming too many nutrients.
C．Taking up too much space.	D．Causing potential ocean pollution.

3. How is paragraph 3 mainly developed?

A．By making a comparison.	B．By providing evidence.
C．By using classifications.	D．By analyzing the background.

4. What can we infer about seaweed farming in the last paragraph?

A．There are arguments over it.	B．Turning seaweed into fuel is necessary.
C．It needs joint efforts to improve.	D．Dealing with nutrient pollution costs a lot.

10 . No one can say whether human-like robots will have a sweet dream, but they will almost certainly need periods of rest that offer benefits like what sleep provides to living brains, according to new research from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL).

“We study spiking neural networks (尖峰神经网络), which are systems that learn much as living brains do,” said Yijing Watkins, a computer scientist from LANL. “We trained a neuromorphic (神经形态的) processor in a way how humans and other biological systems learn from their environment during childhood development.” Watkins and her research team found that the network simulations (模拟) became unstable after continuous periods of unattended learning. When they exposed the networks to states that are analogous to what living brains experience during sleep, stability was recovered. “It was as though we were giving the neural networks a good night’s rest,” said Watkins.

The discovery came about as the research team worked to develop neural networks that are as close as how humans and other biological systems learn to see. The group initially struggled with stabilizing simulated neural networks undergoing unattended dictionary training, which involves classifying objects without providing examples to compare them to. The researchers expose the networks to an artificial simulation of sleep as nearly a final effort to stabilize them. They experimented with various types of noise. The best results came when they used waves of so-called Gaussian noise. These waves can make sure that the neural networks keep stable.

The group’s next goal is to apply their algorithm (算法) to Intel’s Loihi, a product which uses spiking neural networks to work. They hope allowing Loihi to sleep from time to time will enable it to stably process information from a camera in real time. If it can confirm the need for sleep in artificial brains, we can probably expect the same to be true of human-like robots and other intelligent machines that may come about in the future.

1. What did Watkins and her research team find?

A．Neural networks are far from stable.

B．Artificial brains may need break as well.

C．Neural networks are very sensitive to noise.

D．Human-like robots need equal rest to humans.

2. What does the underlined word “analogous” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Contrary.

B．Beneficial.

C．Similar.

D．Related.

3. Why will the researchers apply the algorithm to Loihi?

A．To better update Loihi.	B．To enable Loihi to run faster.
C．To further confirm their discovery.	D．To make sure Loihi get enough sleep.

4. In which section can we probably find this article?

A．Mind & Brain.	B．Business & Industry.
C．Medicine & Care.	D．Computer & Science.