1 . With nations preparing to spend billions to redesign their cities with a new focus on cycling, it’s worth remembering how the invention of the bicycle changed societies all over the world.

The person generally credited with inventing the modern bicycle was an Englishman named John Kemp Starley. In 1885, the 30-year-old inventor began experimenting in his workshop with a chain-driven bicycle featuring two much smaller wheels. When it first appeared at a bicycle show in 1886, his invention was regarded as a curiosity. But two years later, when the next model was paired with the newly invented rubber tire—which not only cushioned the ride but also made the new bicycle about 30 percent faster— the result was magic.

For a few years in the 1890s, almost anyone wanted to learn to ride, and almost everyone did. The king of Zanzibar took up cycling. So did the emperor of Russia. But it was the middle and working classes around the globe that truly made the bicycle their own. For the first time in history, the masses were able to come and go as they pleased. No more need for expensive horses and carriages.

The rocketing demand led hundreds of new companies around the world to offer their own versions. At the Stanley Bicycle Show in London in 1895, about 200 bicycle makers exhibited 3,000 models. One of the biggest makers was Columbia Bicycles, whose factory in Hartford, Connecticut, could turn out a bicycle a minute thanks to its automated assembly line (流水线)— a pioneering technology that one day would become the backbone of the automobile industry. By 1898, a third of all patent applications in the US were bicycle-related.

The bicycle even improved the human gene (基因) pool. Newly liberated young people rode around the countryside at will, meeting up in distant villages. Women were especially enthusiastic. They abandoned their troublesome skirts and took to the road in groups. Marriage records in England show a marked rise in inter-village marriages during the bicycle craze of the 1890s.

1. What can we know about John Kemp Starley’s first model?

A．It was invented in 1888.	B．It had two bigger wheels.
C．It did not have rubber tires.	D．It was accepted immediately.

2. When were bicycles widely adopted by the public?

A．In the 1860s.

B．In the 1870s.

C．In the 1880s.

D．In the 1890s.

3. What are the statistics in paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The fast growing demand for bicycles.

B．The huge success of the bicycle industry.

C．The great convenience offered by bicycles.

D．The popularity of the newly invented bicycles.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．How Have Bicycles Changed Our World?

B．Which Country Invented the First Bicycle?

C．Who Is the Inventor of the First Bicycle?

D．What Led to the Genetic Improvement?

2 . Joy Harjo’s Poet Warrior is a wonderful book that mixes memoir (回忆录), poetry, songs, and dreams into something that opens a window into the most important events of Harjo’s life and invites readers to reconnect with themselves.

Poet Warrior is a spiritual companion to Crazy Brave, Harjo’s first memoir, but it operates alone and reading the first memoir isn’t a requirement in order to enjoy Poet Warrior. Rather than a memoir following a strict time order and detailing all major events, this book focuses on the role of poetry, art, and music in Harjo’s life and her development as an artist. This is also a book about pain and growth. Harjo talks about the significance of our ancestors’ stories and lessons, discusses the music that shaped her childhood in a broken home, and shares her understanding —and conversations—with other artists, her family, snakes, birds and plants. But the simplicity with which Harjo writes about deep things makes this a beautiful book.

Poet Warrior is also a guide to life for those willing to listen. She writes, “We are all here to serve each other. At some point we have to understand that we do not need to carry a story that is unbearable. We can observe the story, feel the story, let the story go and forgive the story. Then we can use the materials of it to build a house of wisdom.”

Joy Harjo is more than a poet, painter and musician; she is a spiritual being aware of the meaning of everything we can see as well as the things around us that are usually invisible. And Poet Warrior is an invitation to open our eyes and see it all with hers.

1. Which of the following best describes Poet Warrior?

A．It is too difficult to be enjoyed by readers.

B．It has to be read together with Crazy Brave.

C．It describes Harjo’s life in a strict time order.

D．It is closely related to Harjo’s first memoir.

2. What does Harjo suggest we do with our painful past?

A．Learn from it.	B．Ignore it.
C．Cover it up.	D．Bear it silently.

3. What does the word “invisible” underlined in the last paragraph mean?

A．Ordinary.

B．Rare.

C．Hidden.

D．Important.

4. From which is the text probably taken?

A．A biography.

B．A book review.

C．A short story.

D．A writing guide.

3 . A flash of light, then an explosion — BAM! I sit upright up out of a sound sleep. I’m not thinking clearly, but I know I’m on a mountaintop, in a fire tower, in the middle of the night and a lightning storm in progress and it seems there is a fire outside the house. With my headlamp on, I step out into the night storm to put the fire out...

That was in mid-August, 2018.

There are thousands of such fire spotters like me across the US national parks. Some of them are paid, and some are volunteers. My fire tower in Montana’s Glacier National Park was built in 1934.

Everything about the towers are designed to look out. My tiny home has 19 large windows and one windowed door. All the furniture sits no higher than two feet, so none of the windows are blocked.

Even in bad fire years, there’s a rhythm to the days. I usually wake up to early morning light, make a steamy cup of coffee on my stove and drink it outside on a chair, while listening to the birds and insects. Without a doubt, this is my favorite part of the day.

After the drink, I use my powerful telescope to scan miles of the edges where mountains meet the sky in case something wrong has escaped my eyes. At 10 am, I report to the Forest Service Center in Kalispell the weather at my location.

My official working day ends at 4:30 pm. It means I’m free to take a walk before I return to my tower to enjoy the beautiful sunset! This is a long-drawn-out process with breath-taking color and light changes. If I don’t think it’s a show worth watching, I should probably find another job.

Despite living in such a quiet house with killer views, fire spotters’ life is definitely not for everyone. The first summer that I was hired in the 1970s, I was the third fire spotter of the season—the first two decided in a matter of days that it wasn’t what they imagined, or perhaps they never imagined how the loneliness would affect them.

1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?

A．To describe fire spotters’ dangerous work.

B．To report an accident in mid-August, 2018.

C．To introduce the author himself or herself.

D．To show the hardships faced by a firefighter.

2. What does the author say about the fire towers?

A．Some of them are designed for tourists.

B．Most of them are built in Montana.

C．They are uncomfortably small and old.

D．All of them have broad and unblocked views.

3. What appeals to the author most as a fire spotter?

A．The beautiful scenery.	B．The high income.
C．The short working hours.	D．The adventurous trips.

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．Fire spotters’ life is very exciting.

B．Fire spotters have to get used to loneliness.

C．Applicants understand fire spotters’ job well.

D．Applicants have to ignore the effects of loneliness.

4 . Here are some of the Great Walks in New Zealand, each within easy access of cities and towns. These tracks are well-kept and popular with both locals and visitors.

Milford Track

Milford Track is one of the most popular Great Walks in New Zealand, with forested mountains climbing sharply out of snow-covered valleys. This is one of the wettest places on the planet, with an annual average rainfall of 22 feet. The result? Amazing waterfalls, including the 1,903-foot Sutherland Falls.

Length: 33 miles

Duration (耗时): Three days

Open: Late October through early May

Rakiura Track

This is one of the more remote Great Walks on Stewart Island which is known for deserted and sandy beaches? huge native forests, and its population of kiwis, the symbol of New Zealand. The flightless birds are easy to spot here, often on the beaches.

Length: 20 miles

Duration: Two days

Open: All year

Abel Tasman Coast Track

Abel Tasman Track is New Zealand’s most popular walk. With its mild climate, strangely sculpted stone forests, blue waves and golden beaches, it’s easy to understand why. The track hugs this dramatic coastline, leaving hikers to wander along a 15-foot track, one of the widest in New Zealand.

Length: 37 miles

Duration: Four to five days

Open: All year

Tongariro Northern Track

This track is another of the most popular Great Walks, showcasing some of New. Zealand’s most extreme and dramatic landscapes, from active volcanoes, to peaceful beech forests, to what appears to be plains on Mars(火星）.

Length: 27 miles

Duration: Two to three days

Open: Late October through the end of April

1. What is Milford Track best known for?

A．Beautiful waterfalls.	B．Flightless birds.
C．Dry sandy beaches.	D．Active volcanoes.

2. Which track takes the longest time?

A．Milford Track.	B．Abel Tasman Coast Track.
C．Rakiura Track.	D．Tongariro Northern Track.

3. When should foreign visitors go if they want to hike all the tracks?

A．In June.	B．In July.
C．In August.	D．In November.

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Every year I travel a lot to appreciate tourist     1    （attract）. As the saying goes, “Read ten thousand books and travel ten thousand miles.” Large quantities of practice     2    （be）the same important as reading large volumes of books. Since 2015, I have visited more than twenty cities at home and abroad, during     3     time I enjoyed wonderful views of mountains and rivers and saw the powerful strength of our motherland as     4    （good）as the great changes of the world.

However, COVID-19     5    （sweep）the globe during the past two years.     6     great many, people were infected with the disease. But a great part of them have been cured on account     7     the wise policies of our government. Despite     8    （affect）, we firmly believe that our government will pay what it takes     9    （save）her people. At the same time, there are countless organizations and individuals voluntarily     10    （struggle）against the disease. Victory belongs to us, our country and the whole world.

6 . The Moore family of Ottawa rescued Clover years ago. At that time, she was a younger puppy, and they probably never _________ she’d rescue one of their own. Last week, 21-year-old Haley Moore was walking the pup around the _________ when she suddenly had a seizure (痉挛) and _________ on the side of the street.

No one was _________ around outside of their home to help, but a neighbor’s security camera caught what happened next on _________. From that, it could be seen that the one-and-a-half year old puppy managed to _________ her leash (牵绳) from her owner’s _________ and ran towards the middle of the road before an incoming truck to block its path.

“It was really _________, the dog actually blocked my way,” said the driver Oatway. “She just ran to the road to _________ my truck.” Oatway then rushed to the fallen woman’s side and then __________ the doorbell of the closest house as many times as possible. Meanwhile, Clover kept a close __________ on her family member the entire time. “She kept her __________ from me but made sure her owner was okay and that was amazing.” Oatway __________.

Soon, neighbor Pilon jumped into trouble when she __________ the situation, “You could __________ the dog didn’t want to leave her __________ when we were with her but I think it just came to her and knew she needed help,” she told CTV.

An ambulance soon arrived, and Haley fortunately ended up being just fine. Though the Moores weren’t sure what caused the __________, Haley said she was grateful to know that Clover was __________ for her. “If this ends up happening again, I feel 10 times __________ and I know she will be there for me,” the proud owner said of her __________ pup.

1.

A．promised

B．expected

C．wondered

D．understood

2.

A．school

B．backyard

C．hospital

D．neighborhood

3.

A．fell

B．stood

C．ran

D．knelt

4.

A．constantly

B．suddenly

C．usually

D．immediately

5.

A．newspaper

B．radio

C．video

D．magazine

6.

A．abandon

B．release

C．fasten

D．cut

7.

A．grasp

B．management

C．place

D．direction

8.

A．attractive

B．challenging

C．impressive

D．inspiring

9.

A．bite

B．stop

C．pull

D．track

10.

A．rang

B．beat

C．answered

D．clicked

11.

A．contact

B．eye

C．connection

D．balance

12.

A．silence

B．secret

C．attention

D．distance

13.

A．argued

B．predicted

C．recalled

D．repeated

14.

A．spotted

B．accepted

C．inspected

D．controlled

15.

A．assume

B．comment

C．describe

D．tell

16.

A．still

B．rather

C．even

D．only

17.

A．panic

B．surprise

C．result

D．condition

18.

A．watching out

B．setting off

C．making up

D．looking around

19.

A．happier

B．safer

C．stronger

D．better

20.

A．amusing

B．gentle

C．protective

D．friendly

7 . How to Properly Recover from a Bad Sports Injury

Each sports activity has its risks and can eventually lead to different types of injuries. Whether you are a professional athlete or just a passionate sportsperson, a sports injury is never good news. However,     1    . So here are a few steps which can help you and bring you valuable tips to overcome any future sports injury.

1. Get a Diagnosis

After the incident, be sure to establish how serious the situation is. It is important to make a difference between being hurt and being injured.     2    . So, if it doesn’t go away after a while, or it even gets worse, you know it’s not a joke and you need to see the doctor as soon as possible. If it’s just a sore, with a bit of attention, it should heal quite easily. If, however, the pain lingers, don’t dismiss it and accept medical advice without objection.

2. Understand What Caused the Injury

    3    . This will help you avoid getting hurt in the future, and will also help you define your program of recovery. Depending on the cause of the injury, you will be able to take further steps. Understanding the situation that led to the injury will ease psychological consequences and help you deal with the injury.

3.     4    

Take the medical advice and work with your doctor on your recovery. Depending on the type of the injury, go to the physical treatment, do prescribed exercises under medical management, or try some alternative methods like a chiropractic treatment. In one word, do everything you’re told in order to speed up your recovery and prevent potential worsening.

4. Get Enough Energy

Make sure you eat healthy, avoiding foods and drinks with excessive amounts of sugar, alcohol, and white flour.     5    .

Hopefully these tips will help you recover from any future sports injury.

A．Take More Exercise

B．Seek Professional Help

C．there really is a good side to everything

D．it shouldn’t be a reason for losing heart either

E．Stick to truly nutritious food, minimizing the intake of junk food

F．Pain will be of major help in establishing the severity of the injury

G．It is really important to analyze the situation and establish the cause of the injury

8 . Three researchers from Harvard Business School, the University of London and the University of British Columbia have found that college graduates who value time over money report being happier a year later than those who report the opposite. In their paper published in the journal Science Advances, Ashley Whillans, Lucia Macchia and Elizabeth Dunn, described their study and what they learned from it.

Most people who have lived for a long time know that there is very often a trade-off (权衡) between doing things that make you happy and doing things to make it possible — like earning more money. For those who are still young and in the process of making major life decisions, the trade-off might not be so obvious. In this new effort, the researchers sought to learn more about the decision-making processes of people about to graduate from college, and how those decisions affected their level of happiness just a year later.

The researchers administered a two-part survey to the volunteers. The first part asked questions regarding whether they valued time over money or vice versa. They also asked them to rate how happy they were. The first part of the survey was given to 1,000 volunteer students while they were still in college. The second part, which was identical to the first, was given to the same people one year later.

The researchers report that in the first survey, nearly two-thirds of respondents reported valuing time over money — a year later, they found that the ratio (比率) had changed somewhat. 14 percent of those who had reported valuing money over time switched their answer, while 13 percent of those who had first reported valuing time over money switched. The researchers also report that those students who had reported valuing money over time while still in school tended to accept jobs that were more income-focused, while those who chose time over money were more focused on working in an environment that they liked. The researchers also found that those who reported valuing time over money on either survey rated themselves as happier than those who valued money over time.

1. The purpose of the research is to find out ______.

A．how decision-making in youth affects happiness in the near future

B．what is the effect of the trade-off between choices in life

C．what is the proper process of making major life decisions

D．how to make a new effort to make something possible

2. Which of the following is TRUE about the two parts of the survey?

A．Neither was concerning level of happiness.	B．They were carried out in the same year.
C．They were targeted at different volunteers.	D．Both asked the same questions.

3. What can we infer about the results of the research?

A．More volunteers value money over time than those reporting otherwise in the first part.

B．Those choosing time above money in both parts claimed to experience more happiness.

C．All volunteers attached equal significance to income-focused jobs in employment.

D．More volunteers switched their answers in the second part than those who didn’t.

4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Time or money: that is the question	B．Valuing time over money makes you happier
C．Making life decisions is essential	D．A happy job makes more money

9 . Tiantan Award is the official competition section of the Beijing International Film Festival（BJIFF）. Its aim is to discover and present recent outstanding films from across the globe, and encourage diversity in cinema. Besides the final grand ceremony, several forums（论坛）also attract the attention of film lovers from the world.

●China Film Development Forum September 22, 2021

From the perspectives of “reviewing the past, building on the present and looking into the future”, the forum will review classics, salute film veterans（老手）and film art, sum up the experience and outcomes of Chinese filmmakers over the century and look into the future, so as to continue pushing forward China’s film industry.

●Arthouse Film Forum   September 27, 2021

This forum will bring talented creators and experts with a lot of experience in the industry together. They will discuss how the new generation of filmmakers can carry forward the great values of the arthouse film traditions and grasp the historical opportunities that belong to them.

●China Animation Film Forum September 28, 2021

The forum is themed with “New Era, New Consumption and New Scenes of China’s Animation Film Industry”. It mainly brings together world-known animation filmmakers, industry professionals, senior experts as well as IP related business operation and marketing specialists to explore the present situation of animation film industrialization, and its future.

All forums will be broadcast on the platforms such as xuexi.cn, yangshipin.cn and iQIYI（“Online BJIFF” section）.

1. Who are most likely to be interested in these forums?

A．Film producers.

B．Drama lovers.

C．Singing artists.

D．TV viewers.

2. What do Arthouse Film Forum and China Animation Film Forum have in common?

A．They will be held on the same day.

B．They both focus on the young filmmakers.

C．The same type of films will be discussed.

D．Experts will share their opinions on both forums.

3. Which section of a website is the article probably from?

A．Fashion.

B．Economy.

C．Entertainment.

D．Culture.

10 . A recent fall of really strange orange snow is making headlines after it went across a large area of Easter Europe. Images on social media from Russia show orange mountainous landscapes, where usually they are white. Although it resembles what we might imagine snow on Mars would look like, the explanation is actually pretty simple.

According to the BBC, the orange coloration is caused by fine particles (微粒) of sand being lifted from the Sahara into the atmosphere, travelling across the world and falling back to the ground mixed in with rain and snow. It occurs once every five years or so. This year’s orange snow is particularly bright, due to a desert sandstorm that was so big. It was seen in NASA satellite imagery travelling across the globe and brought tons of sand to Russia, CNN reports.

Social media users have posted photos of a ski resort in Sochi, Russia, with its eerie orange slopes (斜坡) which are so unusual. The snow has also reportedly fallen on Bulgaria, Ukraine, Romania, and Moldova. “There has been a lot of lifted sand or dust originating from North Africa and the Sahara, from sand storms which have formed in the desert,” meteorologist Steven Keates from the UK Met Office said.

“As the sand gets lifted to the upper levels of the atmosphere, it gets distributed elsewhere. Looking at satellite imagery from NASA, it shows a lot of sand and dust in the atmosphere drifting across the Mediterranean. When it rains or snows, it drags down whatever is up there, if there is sand in the atmosphere.”

It is not the first time that Eastern Europeans have experienced an extraordinary snow. A similar phenomenon happened in 2017 when mysterious “oily” orange snow fell across three regions of southern Siberia. Locals reported that the snow then was bad-smelling and oily to the touch, possibly the result of chemical pollution.

1. Where does the sand causing the orange snow come from?

A．Eastern Europe.

B．Russia.

C．The Sahara.

D．Siberia.

2. This year’s orange snow is so bright because ______.

A．it is dust-free and clear	B．the particles of sand are big in size
C．it contains some colorful chemicals	D．there is too much sand in it

3. What does the underlined word “eerie” mean in Paragraph 3?

A．Typical.

B．Strange.

C．Beautiful.

D．Steep.

4. What can we learn according to Steven Keates?

A．How the orange snow forms.	B．What NASA does with the orange snow.
C．How often the orange snow appears.	D．When there will be orange snow again.